An Elvish child in the earliest Lost Tales (LT2/4). The meaning of her name is unclear.
Early Quenya
ve
preposition. as, like
vendinuru
feminine name. Vendinuru
veanne
feminine name. Veanne
velindo
masculine name. Velindo
A Fey in services to Aule mentioned briefly in an early document on Runic writing
veneste
feminine name. Veneste
vene
noun. small boat, vessel, dish
A noun appearing as ᴱQ. vene in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, initially glossed “small boat” and then with the glosses “vessel, dish” added, listed under the early root ᴱ√VENE {“small boat” >>} “shape, cut out, scoop” (QL/100-101).
Neo-Quenya: I would retain ᴺQ. venë for purposes of Neo-Quenya with the more limited meaning “[eating] vessel, dish”. I would reconceive of it as a derivative of the 1930s root ᴹQ. BEN “corner, angle”.
vean san falastuváre alkalótefalmarínen
*the sea then will surge with waves like shining blossoms
The third phrase (lines 5-6) of the intermediate version of the Oilima Markirya poem (PE16/77). The first word is the nominative form of the noun vea “sea” followed by the adverb san “then” and the future 3rd-singular feminine inflection of the verb falasta- “to surge”.
The phrase ends with a long compound combining alka “shining”, lóte “flower” and the instrumental plural of falmar “wave”: falmarínen = “with waves”. The glossary notes associated with the poem translate the uninflected compound alkalótefalmar as “wave with shining blossom”.
The sense of the phrase resembles the fifth and sixth lines of the English translations of the poem LA2a-LA2b (PE16/68-9): “the sea surging, the foam blossoming/with flowers”. The subject and verb match, although the verb tense does not, nor does the adverb “then” appear. The approximate meaning of the final compound also appears, except for the word “shining”.
Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:
> vea-n san falast-uvá-re alka-lóte-falmar-í-nen = “✱sea-(nominative) then surge-(future)-she shining-blossom-wave-(plural)-with”
ve sangar voro úmeai
*like throngs ever large
velupantie
noun. revelation
vente
noun. brook, small river
ve kaivo-kalma
a corpse-candle
The nineteenth line of the Oilima Markirya poem (MC/214). The first word is the preposition ve “like”, not reflected in the English translation. It is followed a compound of kaivo “corpse” and kalma “candle”, perhaps more literally “light”.
Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:
> ve kaivo-kalma = “✱like corpse-candle”
ve maiwin qaine
like gulls wailing
The fourth line of the Oilima Markirya poem (MC/213). The first word is the preposition ve “like” followed by the nominative plural of the noun maiwe “gull” and the plural form of the adjective qaina “wailing”.
Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:
> ve maiw-i-n qain-e = “✱like gull-(plural)-(nominative) wailing-(plural)”
vean falastanéro
the sea with loud surf
The fifth phrase of the first version of the Oilima Markirya poem (MC/220). The first word is the nominative form vean of the noun vea “sea”, followed by the past 3rd-plural masculine form falastanéro of the verb falasta- “to surge, make a sound like surf”. Its English translation “the sea with loud surf” is rather loose; a more accurate translation would be “the sea was surging” (PE16/62).
Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:
> vea-n falasta-né-ro = “✱sea-(nominative) surge-(past)-he”
Conceptual Development: This phrase appeared in the second draft of the poem (OM1b: PE16/57-8), where Tolkien first considered prefix vean with the definite article i. He also considered alternate past tense forms vavaks >> falassiéro >> falastanéro before settling on falastanére, the past 3rd-plural feminine form, as suggested by Gilson, Welden, and Hostetter (PE16/58). The phrase then remained the same up through the sixth draft, until Tolkien switched back to the masculine form falastanéro for the version included with the “A Secret Vice” essay (MC/220).
veasse lúnelinqe
upon the blue streams of the sea
The third phrase of the first version of the Oilima Markirya poem (MC/220). The first word is the locative form veasse of the noun vea “sea”, followed by the compound lúnelinqe of lúne “blue” and linqe “water, stream”.
Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:
> vea-sse lúne-linqe = “✱sea-upon blue-stream”
Conceptual Development: This phrase did not appear until the fourth draft of the poem (OM1d: PE16/62); earlier drafts used the unrelated phrase ar tanda kiryaiko lúte (or lunte) “✱and with that ship sailed” (OM1a-c: PE16/56-7, 60). Aside from the variant Finnish-like spellings of the fifth draft (OM1e: PE16/72), the phrase remained the same thereafter. In the glossary commentary to the 7th draft, lúnelinqe was glossed “blue-flowing” (PE16/75), so perhaps it was an adjectival compound with a more accurate translation of “in the flowing blue sea” (PE16/62).
verin
adjective. married
An adjective appearing as ᴱQ. verin “married” in the English-Qenya Dictionary of the 1920s, with a stem -nd (PE15/75).
Neo-Quenya: I would adapt this word as ᴺQ. verin “married” for purposes of Neo-Quenya, but ignore the stem verind- since suffixal -in is common for adjectives in Tolkien’s later writings, but -ind is not.
velka
noun. flame
A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “a flame” derived from the early root ᴱ√(M)BELEKE (GL/22).
venta
noun. chin
venya
adjective. womanl[y]
A word for {“a woman” >>} “womanl[y]” in Gnomish Lexicon Slips of the 1910s appearing with variants venă and [ven]in, derived from primitive ᴱ✶u̯enı̯ā̆́- (PE13/118).
Conceptual Development: The word for “womanly” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s was ᴱQ. anaina, an adjectival form of ᴱQ. anai “woman” (QL/31).
vestani
noun. *bride
vea falastane
the sea surging
The ninth line of the Oilima Markirya poem (MC/213). The first word is vea “sea”, followed by the “bare stem” infinitive of the verb falasta- “to surge” as suggested by Gilson, Welden, and Hostetter (PE16/84, notes on line #10 and #11), apparently functioning as either an active-participle or a verbal object.
Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:
> vea falasta-ne = “✱sea surg-ing”
vea qalume
the sea heaving
The twenty fifth line of the Oilima Markirya poem (MC/214). The first word is the noun vea “sea” modified by the adjective qalume “heaving”.
Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:
> vea qalume = “✱sea heaving”
vestanoina
adjective. related by marriage
A word in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “related by marriage”, an adjectival elaboration of ᴱQ. vesta- “to marry” (QL/101).
veri
noun. wife
veru
noun. husband
vesse
noun. wife
vesta
noun. state of marriage
vesta-
verb. to wed, marry, join others in marriage; (refl.) to get married
vestin
noun. wife
vefántur
masculine name. Fantur of Death
velike
adjective. great, large
venie
noun. shape, cut
vea
noun. sea
vea
adjective. similar, like
veakirya
noun. sea-ship
vealta-
verb. to resemble
velte
noun. beard
velu-
verb. to unfurl
velunte
noun. sail
veniel
noun. mariner
venta-
verb. to cut, shape
vestale
noun. wedding
veasta
noun. resemblance, comparison
velikse
adverb. greatly
velitya-
verb. to magnify
velu
noun. sail
vena
adjective. womanl[y]
venin
adjective. womanl[y]
venwe
noun. shape, cut
veringwi
noun. husband and wife, married pair
veruner
noun. husband
veruni
noun. wife
vestaner
noun. ?(bride)groom
vestaqin
noun. ?bride
i vene kemen
proper name. *Shape of the Earth, Vessel of the Earth
herivesti
noun. wife
sovea
adjective. alike
laukien
noun. vegetable or kitchen garden
A word in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “vegetable or kitchen garden”, an elaboration of ᴱQ. lauke “vegetable” (QL/52).
lausimatl
noun. vegetable food
A word appearing as ᴱQ. lausimatl “vegetable food” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, a combination of ᴱQ. laute (lausi-) “living thing, (esp.) vegetable” and ᴱQ. matl “food” (QL/52, 59).
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would update this word to ᴺQ. laimamatta “vegetable food, (lit.) plant food”, a combination of the later elements Q. laima “plant” and Q. matta “food”.
lausimatwa
adjective. vegetarian
A word appearing as ᴱQ. lausimatwa “vegetarian” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, a combination of ᴱQ. laute (lausi-) “living thing, (esp.) vegetable” and the suffix ᴱQ. -matwa “✱eating” (QL/52, 59).
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would update this word to ᴺQ. laimamatya “herbivorous, vegetarian, (lit.) plant-eating”, a combination of the later elements Q. laima “plant” and Q. -matya “eating”.
rausime
noun. vermin
The word ᴱQ. rausime “vermin” appeared in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, apparently a noun form of the adjective ᴱQ. rausima “✱hunted” under the early root ᴱ√RAVA (QL/79), thus meaning “a thing hunted”.
Neo-Quenya: This pattern may be modernized as a neologism ᴺQ. farinë “vermin”, a noun form of the passive participle farina “hunted” of the verb fara- “hunt”.
-sta
suffix. verbal noun, infinitive, gerund
aka
adverb. very, intensive
are
adverb. very, intensive
avarna
adjective. very rich
avíka
adjective. very much alike
heno
noun. venom, poison
henuva
adjective. venomous, poisonous
lauke
noun. vegetable, plant (species)
olde
adverb. very, much, intensive
paime
noun. vengeance taken, punishment, penalty, infliction
feno
noun. venom, poison
olóle
adverb. very, intensive
qentea
adjective. verbal
taurelasselindon
like leaves of forests
The fourteenth phrase of the Oilima Markirya poem (second version) (MC/213), and the tenth phrase of the first version of the Oilima Markirya poem (MC/220). It is a compound word, a combination of taure “forest” and the adverbial plural form of lasse “leaf”.
Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:
> taure-lasse-li-ndon = “✱forest-leaf-(plural)-like”
Conceptual Development: This phrase first appeared in the fourth draft of the first version of this poem (OM1d: PE16/62) and remained the same thereafter.
wente
noun. brook, small river
vê
masculine name. Vê
aki
adjective. extreme, vehement, excessive
kalpa
noun. bucket, vessel
virti-
verb. to serve
-tya
suffix. causative
lama rausima
things preyed on, game, vermin
paimene
noun. vindictiveness, vengefulness, cruelty
qindesta
noun. convent
v’ematte sinqi eldamar
*that they call to mind the gems of Elven-home
fion
noun. son
A word glossed {“nephew” >>} “son” in an isolated entry of the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with stem form fiond- (QL/37). The same word appeared unglossed under the early root ᴱ√SUẈU where it was derived from primitive ᴱ✶þẉ-iı̯on-d (QL/87).
mella
noun. girl
A word for “girl” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s derived from the early root ᴱ√MELE “love”, but Tolkien marked it with a “?” (QL/60). The same word did appear in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa, however (PME/60).
meril-i-turinqi
feminine name. Queen of Flowers
turwa
adjective. powerful
An adjective for “powerful” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√TURU “am strong” (QL/96).
Neo-Quenya: Since √TUR remains connected to power in Tolkien’s later writings, I’d retain this word for purposes of Neo-Quenya, but I’d use it for general or abstract forms of potency, as opposed to being physically powerful (turca or [ᴹQ.] poldórea) or politically powerful (túrëa). For example: turwa nus “a powerful smell” or turwa vangwe “a powerful storm”.
welet
noun. boil, tumor
wembe
noun. worm
A noun appearing as ᴱQ. {wembe >>} ’wembe “worm” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√GWEVE; it had a longer variant *’wembil** (QL/103). Wembe “worm” was also mentioned in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa* (PME/103).
Neo-Quenya: Helge Fauskanger adapted this word as ᴺQ. vembë “worm” in his NQNT (NQNT), and I follow his suggestion in part for better compatibility with adapted Gnomish forms from the Neo-Root ᴺ√WEB.
ion
noun. son
In the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, ᴱQ. Ion was the “mystic name of God, 2nd Person of Blessed Trinity”, that is the “Son” in the “Father, Son, Holy Ghost” trinity (QL/43). In that document yon or yond- was given in a couple of places as (archaic?) words for “son” (QL/43, 106). In Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s, Tolkien gave ion as the equivalent of ᴱN. gó “son”, along with a plural form yondi (PE13/113). However, in the English-Qenya Dictionary Tolkien said yondi was an irregular plural form of ᴱQ. yondo “son” (PE15/77), and this is the form he typically used in later writings.
nyél
noun. woman
A word for “woman” in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s with stem form nyel-, as indicated by its accusative nyela (PE16/135). Its etymology is unclear; Patrick Wynne and Christopher Gilson suggested it might be connected to the early root ᴱ√NYEHE “weep” or later root ᴹ√NYEL “ring, sing”, but these both feel like stretches to me.
úmea
adjective. large
(a)kainu-
verb. to wed
A verb for “to wed” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with variants kainu- and akainu- under the early root ᴱ√KAYA “lie, rest; dwell”, so perhaps originally meaning “✱to come to lie together”, but Tolkien marked the entire entry with a “?” (QL/46).
-ie
suffix. abstract noun
-le
suffix. abstract noun
-sse
suffix. abstract noun
anwe
?. [unglossed]
ematte
?. [unglossed]
feng-
verb. to cut
hen
noun. eye
hetl
noun. bond
hilu
noun. son
A word for “son” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with variants hilu and hilmo under the early root ᴱ√HILI (QL/40), both variants also appearing in the Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa (PME/40).
koire
noun. life
laiqasse
noun. greenness
lantanwa
adjective. [unglossed]
las
noun. [unglossed]
loa
noun. life
lomba
adjective. secret
lossiattea
?. [unglossed]
láwakéle
?. [unglossed]
matsile
noun. bear
A word appearing only as an element in the name ᴱQ. Oromatsile “Great Bear” from Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/149). It was a cognate of ᴱN. magli “bear” = “honey-eater”, and hence composed of the same elements: ᴱQ. mata- “eat” and ᴱQ. ile “honey”, where the s appeared because ti became tsi in Early Qenya, so that matile > matsile.
minya
adjective. fine, slender
nolo-
verb. to dare
nyúken
?. [unglossed]
orwa
adjective. lofty
póya
adjective. [unglossed]
saiwa
adjective. hot
sauke
?. [unglossed]
sehta-
verb. to see
selka
adjective. bright
seste
noun. similarity
sivilda
?. [unglossed]
súlime
noun. wind
A noun for “wind” in Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s under the early root ᴱ√SUHYU “air, breath, exhale, puff” and connected to the name ᴱQ. Súlimo (QL/86). Later on, Q. Súlimë was used as the name of March (LotR/1110), whereas Q. Súlimo became “Breather” (PE21/85), a combination of Q. súlë (†þúlë) “breath” + Q. mo “person”.
súme
?. [unglossed]
tahóra
adjective. lofty
tantilta-
verb. [unglossed]
toron
?. [unglossed]
tultárie
adjective. [unglossed]
vartyane
noun. service
vasta
noun. road
vilki-
verb. to cut
véla
verb. to see
welba
adjective. boiling, bubbling
welbe
noun. bubble
wele-
verb. to boil, bubble
wembil
noun. worm
wá
noun. wind
yanta
adjective. large
yu
?. [unglossed]
-me
suffix. abstract noun
-víke
suffix. as
aire
adjective. old
alle
?. [unglossed]
anai
noun. woman
A noun in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s form “woman” with variants anai and anî, a feminine form ᴱQ. anu “a male” (QL/31).
anaukante
?. [unglossed]
angwe
?. [unglossed]
anî
noun. woman
asesta
noun. similarity
aseste
noun. similarity
aukaine
?. [unglossed]
eant
?. [unglossed]
fange
noun. beard
fingwe
?. [unglossed]
hilmo
noun. son
hingwe
?. [unglossed]
hyanta
?. [unglossed]
intya
?. [unglossed]
ka
?. [unglossed]
koi
noun. life
koile
noun. life
laisifalle
noun. [unglossed]
laume
noun. life
lilyen
?. [unglossed]
linqarassea
adjective. [unglossed]
lungwe
?. [unglossed]
mailina
adjective. beautiful
mel(i)na
adjective. dear
min-
verb. [unglossed]
nauto
noun. [unglossed]
nawa-
verb. [unglossed]
nierme
?. [unglossed]
ningwe
?. [unglossed]
nî
noun. woman
orda
adjective. lofty
pingwe
?. [unglossed]
poa
noun. beard
porokoi
?. [unglossed]
pundo
noun. [unglossed]
qindelis
noun. nun
qindestin
noun. nun
ralle
?. [unglossed]
rauke
noun. demon
saile
noun. [unglossed]
saqa-
verb. [unglossed]
sestima
adjective. comparable
sinda
noun. eye
sinqita-
verb. [unglossed]
súlimarya
?. [unglossed]
tala
noun. sail
talarin
adjective. [unglossed]
talma
noun. end
tirípti
?. [unglossed]
tyanta
?. [unglossed]
táne
adjective. [unglossed]
tánie
adjective. [unglossed]
túrea
adjective. mighty
ukárele
noun. [unglossed]
umpai
?. [unglossed]
upaitya-
verb. [unglossed]
usult
?. [unglossed]
valle
?. [unglossed]
valma
adjective. powerful
vanga
noun. beard
vanwe
noun. wind
vingwe
?. [unglossed]
vondo
noun. son
vá
noun. wind
víkana-
verb. to compare
víkele
noun. resemblance, comparison
vô
noun. son
wende
noun. maiden
wendele
noun. maidenhood
yarendilyon
noun. sailor
yon
noun. son
yó
noun. son
kainu-
verb. to wed
Another name for ᴱQ. Urwen(di) (Arien) in the Gnomish Lexicon from the 1910s (GL/18), possibly a combination of variant form of wen(di) “maiden” with the root URU having to do with the Sun.