san (2) adv. ephemeral word for "so" (ya(n)...san "as...so"; san na "thus be" = let it be so, "amen"); this form was apparently quickly abandoned by Tolkien (VT43:16, 24, VT49.18)
Quenya
san
then
san
so
san
adverb/conjunction. *then, so, thus
sana-
verb. *to think, reflect
@@@ suggested by Helge Fauskanger (QQ/sanar)
sangahyando
masculine name. Throng-cleaver
A descendant of Castamir who led the forces of Umbar against Gondor (LotR/1048). His name is a compound of sanga “throng” and hyando “cleaver” (Let/425, PE17/116).
Conceptual Development: In the early Qenya Lexicon, ᴱQ. Sangahyando “cleaver of throngs” was given as a name for Túrin Turambar’s sword (QL/81), and the name ᴹQ. Sangahyando appeared in The Etymologies as the name of a sword (Ety/STAG, SYAN). Its use for a man of Umbar did not emerge until The Lord of the Rings appendices, where it appeared as Sangahyanda in the 1st edition of The Lord of the Rings, changed in the 2nd edition to Sangahyando (PM/215).
For the most part, Tolkien gave the meaning “throng” to the initial element and “cleaver” to the final element, but in his phonetic notes from the Tengwesta Qenderinwa and the Outline of Phonology from the 1950s, he seems to have considered assigning the meaning “throng” to the second element (PE18/101, PE19/92).
A short form Sangian “throng-hewer” appeared in linguistic notes from the early 1930s (PE21/32).
Sanavaldo
the almighty
Sanavaldo noun "the Almighty" (SD:401). The word is difficult to fully explain, since sana- is not elsewhere associated with the meaning "al(l)".Compare iluvala.
Sancossi
the goblins
Sancossi ("k") pl. noun "the Goblins" (LT2:341)
sana
day (24 hours)
sana (2) noun "day (24 hours)" (LT1:250; the later word ré is to be preferred to this early "Qenya" form)
sana
that very thing (already referred to)
sana (1) demonstrative "that very thing (already referred to)" (PE16:97). Sana wendë "that maiden" (PE16:96 cf. 90)
sanar
mind
sanar noun "mind" (literally "thinker" or "reflector", suggesting an underlying verb #sana- "to think, to reflect") (VT41:13)
sanca
cleft, split
sanca (þ) ("k") noun? (or adj, or both?) "cleft, split" (STAK)
sancë
hateful
sancë ("k")adj. "hateful" (LT2:341)
sanda
name
[sanda, sandë] (þ) (2) noun "name" (VT46:16)
sanda
firm, true, abiding
sanda (þ) (1) adj. "firm, true, abiding" (STAN)
sandastan
shield-barrier
sandastan noun "shield-barrier", a battle-formation (UT:282; probably with stem sandastam_- since the final element is derived from a stem stama- "bar, exclude". Compare _talan with stem talam- from the root TALAM.)
sanga
crowd, press, throng
sanga (þ) noun "crowd, press, throng" (STAG, SA:thang, LT2:342; pl. sangar (?) twice in Narqelion). In Sangahyando (þ) masc. name "Throng-cleaver", name of a man in Gondor _(SA:thang; a footnote in Letters:425 explains that "throng" here means a closely formed body of enemy soldiers. In the Etymologies, stems STAG, SYAD, _sangahyando is said to be a swordname, and LT2:342 likewise defines the word as a name of Turambar's sword: "cleaver of throngs, Throng-cleaver".)
sanganë
gather
sanganë vb.? "gather" (MC:214; this is "Qenya")
sangië
necessity
#sangië (evidently þ, cf. sanga above) noun "necessity" (evidently in the sense of *"tribulation, pressure"; compare sanga, of which #sangië is an abstract formation). Isolated from sangiessemman "in our necessities" (VT44:8)
sangwa
poison
sangwa noun "poison" (SAG)
sanomë
there
sanomë adv. "there" (PE17:71). Cf. sinomë, tanomë.
sanwecenda
thought-inspection, thought-reading
sanwecenda ("k")noun "thought-inspection, thought-reading" (VT41:5, PE17:183)
sanwë
thought, an act of thinking
sanwë noun "thought, an act of thinking" (VT39:23, 30; VT41:5, 13, PE17:183)
sanwë-latya
thought-opening
sanwë-latya noun "thought-opening", direct, telepathic thought-transfer (VT39:23)
sanwë-menta
thought-sending, mental message
sanwë-menta noun "thought-sending, mental message" ((VT41:5, PE17:183)
sanya
name
[sanya] (þ) (2) noun ?"name" (reading of gloss uncertain, VT46:16)
sanya
regular, law-abiding, normal
sanya (þ) (1) adj. "regular, law-abiding, normal" (STAN); variant vorosanya with a prefixed element meaning "ever" (VT46:16)
sanya
truth, fact
[sanya] (þ) (3) noun "truth, fact" (VT46:16)
sanyë
rule, law
sanyë (þ) noun "rule, law" (STAN)
sanar
noun. mind, thinker, reflector
sanwë
noun. thought, an act of thinking
sana
adjective. that very thing (already referred to)
@@@ Possibly anaphoric vs. tana spatial, see discord.com
sana wendë nieninquëa
*that maiden like a snowdrop
sanda
noun. shield
sandastan
noun. shield-barrier
sanga
noun. throng, press, pressure, press, pressure; throng, [ᴹQ.] crowd, pack; [ᴱQ.] tight mass; [ᴹQ.] crowded, packed
sangië
noun. necessity
sanomë tarnë olórin, aracorno, eomer, imrahil, mi mísë, mi telepta yo morna, mi laiqua yo ninquë, mi luinë, ta gimli mi lossëa
There stood Gandalf, Aragorn, Eomer and Imrahil in grey, in silver and black, in green and white, and in blue, and also Gimli in white
sanwecenda
noun. thought-inspection, thought-reading
sanwementa
noun. thought-sending, mental message
sanwë-latya
noun. thought-opening
sa
conjunction. that
sana
that
sanga
crowded, packed; pack, throng
san na
interjection. *amen, (lit.) may it be so
sanomë
adverb. there
sanwe
noun. thinking, thought
sanya
adjective. normal
normal
sánë
noun. pine
In notes on Words, Phrases and Passages from the Lord of the Rings from the late 1950s or early 1960s, Tolkien had Q. {sāne >>} th-, sāne- “pine” derived from {✶stāna >>} ✶thānĭ-, but this note was deleted (PE17/81). It was replaced by a marginal note in which S. thôn “pine” was derived from ✶thŏno.
Neo-Quenya: In light of the new primitive form, I would update the Quenya word to ᴺQ. sono [þ] “pine” for purposes of Neo-Quenya. Petri Tikka instead proposed ᴺQ. sónë [þ] in PPQ (PPQ) from the early 2000s inspired only by S. thôn “pine”, before the above primitive forms were published in 2007.
Conceptual Development: The Early Qenya “pine” word was ᴱQ. aiqaire “fir or pine” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, an elaboration of ᴱQ. aiqa “steep” (QL/29). It became ᴱQ. aikasse “pine-tree” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, a cognate to G. aigos and derivative of primitive ᴱ✶aikasse (GL/17). This in turn became ᴱQ. aikor “pine-tree” in the Early Noldorin Dictionary of the 1920s, derived from ᴱ✶aikos-sa and still a cognate to G. aigos (PE13/158).
sánë
pine
sánë (þ) noun "pine" (PE17:81), stem sáni- (? the primitive form is given as ¤thānĭ, which would normally give Quenya sánë/sáni-, but the Quenya noun is also cited as sáne- as if e persists before an ending).
vorosanya
regular, law-abiding, normal
vorosanya (þ) adj. "regular, law-abiding, normal" (VT46:16); also just sanya (þ). The prefix voro- means "ever" or "continually".
násan
interjection. *amen, (lit.) may it be so
san
noun. bar, barrier
A neologism for “bar, barrier” coined by Orondil on 2021-09-24 in the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS), related to ✶stama- “bar, exclude” (UT/282). Luinyelle proposed ᴺQ. sámo [þ] on 2023-01-11 of similar derivation, but I prefer Orondil’s neologism since Luinyelle’s conflicts with partially attested ✱sámo [þ] “helper”, a hypothetical element of Rómestámo “East-helper” (PM/385).
sandastan
Sandastan
The final element in sandastan is derived from the stem stama- meaning bar or exclude, so the literal translation is probably 'shield-barrier'.
sangahyando
Sangahyando
The Quenya name Sangahyando literally means "Throng-cleaver" (said to be interpretable as "hewer of hostile ranks"). The first element in the name is sanga ("throng"). In the first edition of The Lord of the Rings, the name was misprinted as Sangahyanda.
santa
noun. garden, field, yard; apportioned/designated space
@@@ Discord 2023-02-24; Idiom: santa-[personal possessive X]-sse “for [X]’s part; as far as [X] is concerned; from [X]’s point of view; as comes from/is done by [X]” (lit. “in [X]’s garden”)
sandanasto
noun. turtle, (lit.) shield-being
santenta-
verb. to concentrate, focus
@@@ from Discord 2022-02-23; with allative object “...on [x],” lit. “direct thought [x]-ward”
sanasta
noun. thinking, reflection, pondering
sanastëa
adjective. mindful, cognizant, aware of, conscious of
sancon
noun. schist, (lit.) split-rock
@@@ Discord 2022-07-05
sangarë
noun. oppression
sangarëa
adjective. oppressive, tyrannical
santa-
verb. to decide
santië
noun. decision
sanwelunga
adjective. serious, (lit.) thought-heavy
sanwelungië
noun. seriousness
sanyengolmo
noun. lawyer
sanyesta
noun. law [as a scholarly discipline]
sanyelórie
noun. lawlessness
litsë
sand
litsë noun "sand" (LIT)
asanta-
verb. to decide
yána
holy place, fane, sanctuary
yána (2) noun "holy place, fane, sanctuary" (YAN). Compare ainas in a post-LotR source.
lerta-
can
lerta- vb. "can" in the sense "be free to do", being under no restraint (physical or other). Lertan quetë "I can speak (because I am free to do so, there being no obstacle of promise, secrecy, or duty)". Where the absence of a physical restraint is considered, this verb can be used in much the same sense as pol- (VT41:6)
pol-
can
pol- (1) vb. "can" = have physical power and ability, as in polin quetë "I can speak (because mouth and tongue are free)". Cf. ista-, lerta- as verbs "can" with somewhat different shades of meaning. (VT41:6, PE17:181)
airë
noun/adjective. holy; sanctity, holiness
ainas
noun. hallow, fane, hallow, fane, *shrine, holy place, sanctuary
aira
adjective. holy, sanctified, holy, sanctified, [ᴱQ.] worshipful
cemendë tambe erumandë
on Earth as [it is] in Heaven
The fifth line of Átaremma, Tolkien’s Quenya translation of the Lord’s Prayer. The first word cemendë “on Earth” is an assimilated locative form of cemen “earth”. The word tambë likely corresponds to “as”, while Erumandë “in Heaven” is an assimilated locative form of Eruman “Heaven”. The English words “it is” are not represented in the Quenya phrase.
Decomposition: Broken into its constituent elements, this phrase would be:
> cemen-dë tambe Eruman-dë = “✱earth-on as [it is] Heaven-in”
Conceptual Development: In earlier versions of this phrase (I-V), Tolkien used menel for “Heaven”. Elsewhere, Tolkien said that menel referred to the dome of the sky or “the firmament”, and therefore was not proper for “Heaven” (MR/387, PE17/152), which is probably why he changed the word to Eruman in version VI of the prayer.
Tolkien experimented with various ways of comparing Earth to Heaven: ier ... ar tér (I), ier ... tier (IIa), ya(n) ... ar san (IIb) and san ... ya (III-IV), each probably meaning something like “as ... so ...”, as suggested by Wynne, Smith and Hostetter (VT43/16-7). In versions V and VI Tolkien switched to a single word “as”: sívë (V) and tambë (VI).
The English words “it is” are only expressed in version III-IV, with the Quenya verb na, appearing at the end of the phrase as is typical of declarative statements.
| | I |IIa|IIb|III|IV|V|VI| |{yé >> ye >>}|ier|ya(n)|san| | |menelle|menelze|menelde|cemende| |ar tér|tier|ar san|ya|sívë|tambe| |{kemenze >>}|cemenze|cemende|melelde|Erumande| | |na| |
na
to be
na (1) form of the verb "to be", evidently the imperative (or subjunctive): Tolkien stated that na airë would mean "be holy" (VT43:14), and san na (q.v.) must mean "thus be" = "let it be so"; see ná #1 Cf. also the sentence alcar mi tarmenel na Erun "glory in high heaven be to God" (VT44:32/34). Inserted in front of a verb, na expresses a wish: aranielya na tuluva "may thy kingdom come" (ibid).
násië
amen
násië interjection "amen", "may it be so" (VT43:24, 35. As a translation of "amen", Tolkien apparently abandoned the earlier form násan and the two-word variant san na, VT43:24)
litsëon
noun. sandstone
litsëa
adjective. sandy; granular, gritty
@@@ Discord 2023-02-24
airë
holy
airë (1) adj. "holy", #Airefëa "the Holy Spirit" (VT43:37, dative airefëan on the previous page), airetári or Airë Tári "holy queen" (a title of Varda, PM:363), genitive aire-tário "holy-queen's" (Nam, RGEO:67). However, according to PM:363, airë is the noun "sanctity", while aira is the adjective "holy". VT43:14 refers to an etymological note of "Sept.-Oct. 1957" where airë is said to be a noun "sanctity, holiness", and the adjective "holy" is given as airëa. However, the verb #airita- "hallow" seems to be formed from an adjective airë, airi- "holy". Evidently airë can function as both adjective ("holy") and noun ("holiness"); if so airë as adj. could represent a primitive adjective gaisi, whereas airë as noun may descend from gaisē. The former but not the latter would have the stem airi- (as observed in the derived verb #airita-), and compounds like airetári (rather than *airitári) would seem to contain properly the noun "holiness".
cenda-
watch
cenda- vb. "watch" (not "guard", but observe to gain information), also used = "read". Cenda = also noun "reading", as in sanwecenda "thought-inspection, thought-reading". (VT41:5, PE17:156)
ilúvala
omnipotent
ilúvala adj. "omnipotent" (VT39:20). Cf. Sanavaldo.
latya
opening
latya (1) noun "opening" (used as abstract in the source) (VT39:23). See sanwë-latya.
menta
sending
menta (2) noun "sending" or "message" as in sanwe-menta "thought-sending, mental message" (VT41:5)
sinomë
this place
sinomë compound noun "this place" (EO), used as adverb (or uninflected locative) = "in this place" = "here" (VT49:18). Variant sínomë (VT44:36). Cf. sanomë, tanomë.
tanomë
in the place (referred to)
tanomë adv. "in the place (referred to)" (VT49:11). Cé tulis, tanomë nauvan *"if (s)he comes, I will be there" (VT49:19). Compare sanomë, sinomë.
wendë
maid
wendë noun "maid" (GWEN), wendë > vendë "maiden" (WEN/WENED, VT45:16, VT47:17). Sana wendë "that maiden" (PE16:96 cf. 90). According to VT47:17, this word for "maiden" is "applied to all stages up to the fully adult (until marriage)".Early "Qenya" also had wendi "maid, girl" (LT1:271); this may look like a plural form in Tolkiens later Quenya. On the other hand, VT48:18 lists a word wendi "young or small woman, girl". It is unclear whether this is Quenya or a Common Eldarin form, but probably the former: PE17:191 displays the word for "maiden" as wendē, so the Quenya stem form is probably *wende- rather than wendi*-, the stem-form that would result from Common Eldarin wendi). In his Quenya translation of the Sub Tuum Praesidium, Tolkien used Wendë/Vendë to translate "virgin" with reference to the Virgin Mary. Here the plural genitive Wenderon appears in the phrase Wendë mi Wenderon "Virgin of Virgins"; we might have expected Wendion instead (VT44:18).If the pl. form of wendë is wender rather than wendi, as the gen.pl. wenderon suggests, this may be to avoid confusion with the sg. wendi** "girl".
littë
noun. ash
A neologism for “ash” coined by Helge Fauskanger in his NQNT (NQNT), the Quenya equivalent of S. lith “ash”. In The Etymologies of the 1930s the Quenya cognate of N. lith was ᴹQ. litse (Ety/LIT), but in that document these words were glossed “sand”. Introducing a separate neologism ᴺQ. littë “ash” helps keep these two senses distinct.
latya
noun. opening
tanomë
adverb. there, (lit.) in the place (referred to)
-on
name
-on gen.pl. ending (3O), in aldaron, aranion, elenion, Eldaron, #esseron, Ingweron, Istarion, Númevalion, Quendion, Silmarillion, Sindaron, tasarion (see Nan-Tasarion), Valion, wenderon, yénion. Normally the ending -on is added to the nominative plural, whether it ends in -i or -r, but some nouns in -ë that would have nominative plurals in -i seem to prefer the ending -ron in the genitive (hence #esseron as the gen. pl. of essë "name", though the nominative pl. is attested as essi and we might have expected the gen. pl. *ession; similarly wenderon, Ingweron).
Nolmë
knowledge, philosophy (including science)
Nolmë ("ñ")noun "knowledge, Philosophy (including Science)" (PM:360 cf. 344)
aina
holy
aina (2) adj "holy" (AYAN), derived from Ainu. Adopted and adapted from Valarin. According to VT43:32, the word is "obsolete, except in Ainur", apparently suggesting that airë or airëa (q.v.) was the normal term for "holy" in later Quenya. However, Tolkien repeatedly used aina in his translation of the Litany of Loreto: Aina Fairë "Holy Spirit", Aina Neldië "Holy Trinity", Aina Maria "Holy Mary", Aina Wendë "Holy Virgin". He also used Aina Eruontari for "holy Mother" in his rendering of the Sub Tuum Praesidium(WJ:399, FS, SA, VT43:32, VT44:5, 12, 17-18)
aina-
to hallow, bless, treat as holy
aina- (1) vb. "to hallow, bless, treat as holy" (PE17:149)
aira
holy
aira (2) adj. "holy"; see airë #1
airëa
holy
airëa adj. "holy"; see airë.
aista
holy
aista (1) adj. "holy" (VT43:37)
ciris
cleft, crack
ciris _("k")_noun "cleft, crack" (LT2:337 - obsoleted by cirissë?)
comya-
gather, assemble
comya- ("k")vb. "gather, assemble" (transitive)(PE17:158)
corda
temple
corda _("k")_noun "temple" (LT1:257)
cunta
rule
cunta, also cunya, vb. (or less likely noun) "rule" (PE17:117)
ea-
verb. be, exist
en
there, look! yon (yonder)
en (1) interjection "there, look! yon (yonder)" (EN, VT45:12)
enne
noun. thought, purpose
esse
noun. name
essë
name
essë (1) noun "name", also later name of Tengwa #31, originally (MET) called árë (ázë). (Appendix E). With a pronominal ending esselya "thy name" (VT43:14). Pl. #essi in PM:339 and MR:470, gen.pl. #esseron "of names" in the compound Nómesseron (q.v.); we would rather have expected *ession, given the nom.pl. essi; perhaps #esser is a valid alternative plural form. Essecarmë noun "name-making" (MR:214, 470), Eldarin ceremony where the father announces the name of his child. Essecenta *("k") noun "Name-essay" (see centa) (MR:415); Essecilmë noun "name-choosing", an Eldarin ceremony where a child named him- or herself according to personal lámatyávë (q.v.) (MR:214, 471). The meaning Tolkien originally assigned to the word essë** in the Etymologies was "place" rather than "name" (VT45:12).
essë
noun. name
esta-
verb. name
falqua
cleft, mountain pass, ravine
falqua ("q") noun "cleft, mountain pass, ravine" (LT2:341)
handë
knowledge, understanding, intelligence
handë noun "knowledge, understanding, intelligence" (KHAN). Note: *handë is (probably) also the past tense of the verb har- "sit".
heru-
to rule
heru- vb. "to rule" (LT1:272; rather tur- in LotR-style Quenya)
hloima
poison
hloima noun "poison", "a poisonous substance" (PE17:185)
hosta-
gather, collect, assemble
hosta- vb. "gather, collect, assemble" (Markirya), "gather hastily together, pile up" (PE17:39), hostainiéva "will be gathered", future tense of the stative verb *hostainië*, derived from hostaina "gathered", past participle of hosta- "gather". Such stative verbs are probably not conceptually valid in Tolkien's later Quenya; see -ië**. (FS)
hyanda
noun. throng
throng, crowd, pressed mass
hyatsë
cleft, gash
hyatsë noun "cleft, gash" (SYAD), apparently changed by Tolkien from hyassë (VT46:16)
i
pronoun. that
i, antevokaliskt in
conjunction. that
ilúvala
adjective. omnipotent
issë
knowledge, lore
issë noun "knowledge, lore" (LT2:339; rather ista or istya in Tolkien's later Quenya)
ista
knowledge
ista (1) noun "knowledge" (IS). Also istya.
istare
noun. knowledge
istya
knowledge
istya noun "knowledge" (IS). Also ista (#1).
ita-
verb. to sparkle
melda
adjective. dear, beloved, beloved, dear, [ᴹQ.] sweet
melin
dear
melin adj. "dear" (MEL)
moc-
hate
moc- _("k")_vb. "hate" (given as mocir ["k"] "I hate" in LT1:258; read *mocin if the word is to be adapted to Tolkien's later Quenya)
narca-
to rend
narca- ("k")vb. "to rend" (NÁRAK; the form "narki" in LR is a misreading for narka; see VT45:37)
ne
that
ne (2) conj. "that" (as in "I know that you are here") (PE14:54), evidently replaced by i in Tolkiens later Quenya (see i #3).
nir-
press, thrust, force (in a given direction)
nir- vb. "press, thrust, force (in a given direction)" ("Though applicable to the pressure of a person on others, by mind and 'will' as well as by physical strength, [this verb] could also be used of physical pressures exerted by inanimates.") Given as a 1st person aorist nirin (VT41:17). Pa.t. probably *nindë since the R of nir- was originally D (the base is given as NID; compare rer- pa.t. rendë from RED concerning the past tense)
nir-
verb. press, thrust, force
násië
interjection. *amen, (lit.) may it be so
nëa
to be
nëa (2) an optative form of the verb na- "to be"? (nëa = LotR-style Quenya nai?): ya rato nëa "which soon may (it) be" = "which I hope will be soon" (Arct)
nómë
place
#nómë noun "place", isolated from Nómesseron, q.v. Cf. also sinomë.
nómë
noun. place
ranga
yard, full pace
ranga (pl. rangar is attested) noun "yard, full pace". This Númenórean linar measure was "slightly longer than our yard, approximately 38 inches [= 96.5 cm]". (UT:285, 461)
rimbë
crowd, host, great number
rimbë noun "crowd, host, great number" (RIM, SA:rim, Letters:282)
savin elessar ar <u>i</u> nánë aran ondórëo
that
i (3) conj. "that". Savin Elessar ar i nánë aran Ondórëo "I believe that Elessar really existed and that [he] was a king of Gondor" (VT49:27), savin…i E[lesarno] quetië naitë *"I believe that Elessars speaking [is] true" (VT49:28) Also cf. nai, nái "be it that" (see nai #1), which may seem to incorporate this conjunction.
sonda
dear, fond
[sonda adj. "dear, fond" (VT46:15)]
sáma
mind
sáma noun "mind" (pl. sámar and dual samat [sic, read *sámat?] are given) (VT39:23, VT41:5, VT49:33, PE17:183)
sáma
noun. mind
síma
mind, imagination
síma noun "mind, imagination" (VT49:16); variant isima. Also attested with endings: símaryassen "in their imaginations" (with the ending -rya used = "their" rather than "his/her", according to colloquial useage) (VT49:16)
ta
that, it
ta (1) pron. "that, it" (TA); compare antaróta** "he gave it" (FS); see anta-. The forms tar/tara/tanna "thither", talo/tó "thence" and tás/tassë* "there" are originally inflected forms of this pronoun: "to that", "from that" and "in that" (place), respectively. Compare "there" as one gloss of ta (see #4).
ta
there
ta (5) adv. "there" (VT49:33; this may be an Elvish root or "element" rather than a Quenya word; see tanomë; see however also tar, tara, tanna under ta #1).
ta
then
ta (4) conj., said to be a reducted form of tá "then", used "before each new item in a series or list"; "if as often in English the equivalent of and was omitted, and placed only before a final item [e.g. Tom, Dick, and Harriet], this would in Quenya represent a discontinuity, and what followed after ta would be an addition of something overlooked or less important". (PE17:70) Hence the use of arta (ar ta, "and ta") for "et cetera"; in older language ta ta or just ta.
ta
so, like that, also
ta (2) adv. "so, like that, also", e.g. ta mára "so good" (VT49:12)
tai
then
tai (3) adv. "then", also tá (which form may be preferred because tai has other meanings as well) (VT49:33)
tai
1lE adverb. then
tambë
so
tambë prep. (1) "so" or "as" (referring to something remote; contrast sívë). Sívë...tambë "as...so" (VT43:17).
tana
that
tana (1) demonstrative "that" (said to be "anaphoric") (TA). According to VT49:11, tana is the adjective corresponding to ta, "that" as a pronoun.
tana
that
tanca
firm, fixed, sure
tanca ("k")adj. "firm, fixed, sure" (TAK)
tanya
that
tanya demonstrative "that" (MC:215; this is "Qenya", perhaps corresponding to later tana)
tarwa
garden, enclosure
tarwa noun "garden, enclosure" (QL:87)
tasse
there
tassë
there
tassë adv. "there" (VT49:11), short form tás. These seem to be properly locative forms of ta "that, it", hence "in that [place]". Compare allative tanna "thither" and ablative talo "thence".
tassë
adverb. there
tenna
noun. thought
thought, notion, idea
ter
so
ter (2), also tér, prep. (?) ephemeral word for "so" (see ier), abandoned by Tolkien in favour of tambë (VT43:17)
tir-
watch, watch over, guard, heed
tir- vb. "watch, watch over, guard, heed", 1st pers. aorist tirin "I watch", pa.t. tirnë (TIR), imperative tira (VT47:31) or á tirë (PE17:94), future tense tiruva "shall heed" in Markirya (also MC:213, 214); also in CO with pronominal endings: tiruvantes "they will guard it" (tir-uva-nte-s "guard-will-they-it"). The stem also occurs in palantíri (q.v.), Tirion place-name "Great Watchtower", a city of the Elves (SA:tir; in MR:176 the translation is "Watchful City")
tiris
watch, vigil
tiris (tiriss-), also tirissë, noun "watch, vigil" (LT1:258, QL:93)
tulca
firm, strong, immovable, steadfast
tulca (1) ("k") adj. "firm, strong, immovable, steadfast" (TULUK)
turma
shield
turma (1) noun "shield" (TURÚM).
tá
then
tá 1) adv. "then" (VT49:11). Cf. ta #4.
tá
adverb. then
tás
there
tás adv. "there" (VT49:11); also tassë, q.v.
tás
adverb. there
umbas
shield
umbas (þ) noun "shield" (VT45:33)
vala-
to rule
vala- (2) vb. "to rule", only with reference to the Valar (see Vala). Future tense valuva is attested (WJ:404)
vard-
rule, govern
vard- vb. "rule, govern" (LT1:273; hardly valid in Tolkien's later Quenya)
wen
maid, girl
wen noun "maid, girl" (*wend-), in early "Qenya" also wendi (Tolkien's later Quenya form wendë occurs in MC:215 and in Etym, stems GWEN, WEN/WENED). (LT1:271, 273)
wendi
maid, girl
wendi noun "maid, girl" (LT1:271), "young or small woman, girl" (VT48:18); see wendë
yana
that
yana demonstrative "that" (the former) (YA)
ócom-
gather, assemble
#ócom- vb. "gather, assemble" (intransitive)(PE17:157, 158). Cited in the form ócomë "gathers, assembles", evidently an endingless aorist. Perfect ócómië given.
corda
noun. temple
martandë
noun. decision
sahtaitë
adjective. oppressive, tyrannical
sono
noun. pine
sámo
noun. bar, barrier
tevinqua
adjective. hateful
san (1) adv. "then" (MC:216; also twice in Narqelion), a "Qenya" term apparently replaced by tá in Tolkiens later conception. In his later Quenya, san would be the dative form of sa "it", hence "for it; to it".