Earlier name of the wife of Dior (WJ/257), elsewhere called Nimloth (WJ/350). This name appears to be a combination of lind “song” and [N.] dîs “bride”.
Sindarin
lin
adjective. thy (reverential)
lindir
masculine name. Lindir
lindis
feminine name. Lindis
linnod
noun. linnod
n.
lín
pronoun. *thy
lain
noun. thread
lín
adjective. thy (reverential)
lindon
place name. Land of Music
Land of the Nandor in eastern Beleriand, translated “Land of Music” (S/123), based on lind “song”. This name was originally Nandorin, adopted into Sindarin (WJ/385), because normally [[s|[nd] became [nn]]] in Sindarin.
Conceptual Development: In Silmarillion drafts from the 1930s, the name Ilk. Lindon was translated “Region of Music” and provided a new explanation for the name of the mountain range Eredlindon (LR/267). In The Etymologies, it was translated “Musical Land” and designated Ilkorin, appearing beside a variant Lhinnon which is probably the Noldorin form of the name (Ety/LIN²).
linaewen
place name. Lake of Birds
Linaewen
noun. mere of birds
lin (“pool, mere”) + aew (“bird”) + en (adjective suffix)
lindedhel
proper name. Nandorin Elf
lindel
proper name. Nando
linhir
place name. Fair Stream
lind
noun. a chant
_ n. _a chant, song. >> linn
linn
noun. a chant
_n._a chant, song. >> lind
linna-
verb. to sing a song
_v._to sing a song. >> linnathon
linnathon
verb. fut
v. fut. 1st sg.'I will sing a song', future of linna-. Fanuilos le linnathon lit. 'Fanuilos to thee will I chant'. >> linna-
linnod
noun. (?) a single verse used as a maxim
The word is not translated by Tolkien. The first meaning assumes that -od is a singulative affix (cf. filigod ). The second meaning is proposed by Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne in Tolkien's Legendarium p. 132, based on the metrical characteristics of Gilraen's linnod
linnod
noun. (?) a chant of a certain metrical type, where each (half-)verse is composed of seven syllables
The word is not translated by Tolkien. The first meaning assumes that -od is a singulative affix (cf. filigod ). The second meaning is proposed by Carl Hostetter and Patrick Wynne in Tolkien's Legendarium p. 132, based on the metrical characteristics of Gilraen's linnod
lind
adjective. fair
lind
noun. song, chant, singing; singer, song, chant, singing, [N.] air, tune; [N. and S.] singer
linna-
verb. to sing, chant
linnod
noun. type of poetic meter, (lit.) ?seven-chant
As suggested by Patrick Wynne and Carl Hostetter, perhaps meaning “seven-chant” (RC/700).
linna-
verb. to sing
lind
noun. air, tune
linn
noun. song, chant
linna-
verb. sing
linnathol?
will you sing (please)?
linnathon
verb. I will sing, I will chant
linnon
verb. I sing
lîn
noun. pool, mere
A word for “pool” or “lake”, appearing as an element in the name Linaewen “Lake of Birds” (S/119; UT/401). As an independent word it is probably ✱lîn, and it is probably a derivative of the root √LIN of similar meaning (PE17/145, 160).
Conceptual Development: The earliest obvious precursor to this word is ᴱN. lhuin “pool” in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/149). In The Etymologies of the 1930s it appeared as N. lhîn “pool”, a derivative of the root ᴹ√LIN “pool” and cognate to ᴹQ. linya (Ety/LIN¹). Remnants of the ancient y can be seen in its (lenited) class plural liniath in the name N. Hithliniath “Pools of Mist” (Ety/KHIS; LR/262). It cannot be a direct cognate of its Quenya form, however, at it has no signs of a-affection. Christopher Tolkien mentioned the name element lin “pool, mere” in The Silmarillion appendix (SA/lin), though whether it was intended to be a primitive form or a Sindarin word isn’t clear.
Neo-Sindarin: I think it is best to simply adapt the Noldorin form into (Neo) Sindarin as lîn, perhaps derived from primitive ✱linyē and hence with class plural liniath.
lhain
adjective. lean, thin, meagre
lîn
noun. pool
forlindon
place name. Lindon north of the Gulf of Lune
harlindon
place name. Lindon south of the Gulf of Lune
aerlinn
noun. (unknown meaning, perhaps a song about the sea, or possibly holy song)
lain
thread
(noun) lain; no distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone is the adjective ”free, freed”.
lain
thread
; no distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone is the adjective ”free, freed”.
lín
thy
lín
lín
thy
lind
air
3) (of music) lind (song, tune; singer, in the latter sense also used of rivers), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. linnath (WJ.309)
lind
air
(song, tune; singer, in the latter sense also used of rivers), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. linnath (WJ.309)
lind
tune
lind (song, air; singer, in the latter sense also used of rivers), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. linnath. (WJ.309)
lind
tune
(song, air; singer, in the latter sense also used of rivers), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. linnath. (WJ.309)
lind
singer
(also used of rivers) lind (song, air, tune), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. linnath. (WJ.309). As for "yellow singer", the name of a bird, see YELLOWHAMMER.
lind
singer
(song, air, tune), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. linnath. (WJ.309). As for "yellow singer", the name of a bird, see
linna
sing
(i linna, i linnar) (chant)
linna
chant
(i linna, i linnar) (sing)
linna
chant
linna- (i linna, i linnar) (sing)
linnod
couplet
(verse couplet) linnod (pl. linnyd)
linnod
couplet
(pl. linnyd)
linnod
verse couplet
linnod (pl. linnyd)
linnod
verse couplet
(pl. linnyd)
linnas
noun. music
linnathren
adjective. musical
linnor
noun. singer
lind
river
”singer” may also be used of rivers (see
lint
swift
(no distinct pl. form)
lîn
pool
lîn (lake), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. #**liniath (isolated from Hithliniath**, WJ:194). 3)
lîn
pool
(lake), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. #*liniath*** (isolated from Hithliniath**, WJ:194). 3)
lhain
lean
(adjective) *lhain (thin, meager), lenited ?thlain or ?lain (the lenition product of lh is uncertain), pl. lîn. Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” thlein*, corresponding to archaic Sindarin lhein**, classical *lhain.
lhain
lean
(thin, meager), lenited ?thlain or ?lain (the lenition product of lh is uncertain), pl. lîn. Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” thlein, corresponding to archaic Sindarin ✱lhein, classical ✱lhain.
lhain
adjective. lean, thin, meagre
aeglir
noun. line of peaks, line of peaks, [N.] range of mountain peaks; [ᴱN.] peak, mountain top
A word for a mountain range, a compound of S. aeg “sharp” and S. lîr “line”, or more literally “line of (mountain) peaks”, most notably as an element in S. Hithaeglir “Misty Mountains, (lit.) Line of Misty Peaks” (Let/180; RC/11).
Conceptual Development: The earliest iteration of this word was ᴱN. aiglir “peak, mountain top” in Early Noldorin Word-lists from the 1920s, but there it was a singular rather than collective noun, an elaboration of ᴱN. aig “high, steep” (PE13/136, 158). In this period it had a distinct plural form eiglir as in ᴱN. Eiglir Engrin “Iron Mountains” (LB/33, 49). In The Etymologies of the 1930s it appeared as N. oeglir “range of mountain peaks” with essentially the same etymology as given above, except with the Noldorin word N. oeg “sharp” instead of later Sindarin word S. aeg. It appeared as aiglin or aeglin in some earlier versions of the name Hithaeglir (TMME/379; Let/180), but was corrected to aeglir in later versions of The Lord of the Rings.
Golodhbaeth
Ling
{ð} n. Ling. #'Speech of the Noldor'. Also paeth Golodhrim or paeth e Ngolodhrim.
andaith
noun. Ling
n. Ling. Q. andatehta.
téw
Ling
pl1. tíw {ē, ī}_ n. Ling. _letter. >> tew
lîf
noun. link, link, *joint
lîr
noun. line, line, [N.] row
lif
noun. link
glinga
hang
*glinga- (i **linga, in glingar**) (dangle). Cited as ”gling” in the source (LR369 s.v. LING)
glinga
hang
(i ’linga, in glingar) (dangle). Cited as ”gling” in the source (LR369 s.v. LING)
glinga
dangle
*glinga- (i **linga, in glingar**) (hang). Cited as ”gling” in the source (LR369 s.v. LING)
glinga
dangle
(i ’linga, in glingar) (hang). Cited as ”gling” in the source (LR369 s.v. LING)
glinnel
rear
(i ’linnel), pl. *glinnil*** (in glinnil), coll. pl. glinnellath**.
tuilinn
swallow
(etymologically ”spring-singer”) *tuilinn (i duilinn, o thuilinn), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thuilinn). Form normalized from tuilind in source; the latter would be an archaic form.
tuilinn
swallow
(i duilinn, o thuilinn), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thuilinn). Form normalized from tuilind in source; the latter would be an archaic form.
lasbelin
leaf-withering
(no distinct pl. form).
falas
noun. beach, shore, strand, surf(line)
A well-established word for “beach” or “shore”, derived from the root √PHAL “foam, splash” (PE17/62, 73).
Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s this word appeared as G. falos “sea-marge, surf, coast, line; margin, fringe, edge” (GL/33), but it was G. falas “beach” in the contemporaneous Name-list to The Fall of Gondolin (PE15/24) as well as in names from this period such as G. Falas-a-’Wilb “Beach of Peace” and G. Falathron = “Ossë”. It appeared as N. falas “beach, shore” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the extended form ᴹ√PHÁLAS of the root ᴹ√PHAL “foam” (Ety/PHAL). Similar derivations appeared in Tolkien’s later writings well (PE17/62, 73).
ann-thennath
noun. a verse mode, lit. "long-shorts" (alternance of long and short vowels, or rather alternance of long and short verse units, possibly of masculine and feminine rhymes)
The word is not translated by Tolkien. Refer to Tolkien's Legendarium p. 115 for a discussion of its probable meaning
taeg
noun. boundary, limit, boundary line
lîf
link
#lîf, isolated from molif ”wrist”, literally ”hand-link” (VT47:6)
falas
line of surf
falas (pl. felais) (beach, shore, coast, strand, foaming shore; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). (VT42:15)
falas
surf, line of
(pl. felais) (beach, shore, coast, strand, foaming shore; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). (VT42:15)
falas
line of surf
(pl. felais) (beach, shore, coast, strand, foaming shore; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand). *(VT42:15)*****
lîr
line
1) lîr (row), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. líriath. 2) tê (i dê, o thê) (way), pl. tî (i thî), coll. pl. ?teath, 3) tî (i dî, o thî) (row), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thî), coll. pl. tíath.
lîr
line
(row), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. líriath.
tilias
line of peaks
(i** dilias, o thilias), pl. tiliais (i** thiliais), coll. pl. tiliassath.
tilias
line of peaks
tilias (i dilias, o thilias), pl. tiliais (i thiliais), coll. pl. tiliassath.
tê
line
(i dê, o thê) (way), pl. tî (i thî), coll. pl. ?teath
tî
line
(i** dî, o thî) (row), no distinct pl. form except with article (i** thî), coll. pl. tíath.
gwanos
noun. family, birth, heredity, *lineage
nothlir
family line
(family tree); no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. nothliriath.
rib
noun. stripe, line; shore; border, fringe
taeg
boundary, boundary line
(i daeg, o thaeg) (limit), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thaeg)
taeg
boundary line
(i daeg, o thaeg) (limit, boundary), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thaeg).
gwae-
verb. to go, depart
This highly irregular verb appeared in Definitive Linguistic Notes (DLN) from 1959 as the Sindarin equivalent of Q. auta- “go (away), depart”, itself very irregular, both verbs derived from the invertible root √WĀ/AWA (PE17/148). The Sindarin verb has a present tense form gwaen “I go” and past forms 1st. sg. anwen “✱I went” and 3rd. sg. anu/awn “✱he/she went”, with these past forms apparently based on an ancient nasal-infixed strong past ✶anwē (from which the archaic Q. strong past †anwe “went” was derived). It has two more forms gwanu/gwawn. These seem to be the equivalent of Q. vanwa “lost” < ✶wanwā.
The present tense form gwaen “I go” is especially peculiar. Compare this to the more regular present tenses cewin “I taste” < kawin(e) (PE22/152) and galon “I grow” < galān(e) (PE17/131). I think the likeliest explanation is that gwaen is derived from an ancient aorist form wa-i-nĭ, with ai becoming ae as was usual of Sindarin’s phonetic developments. If so, the presents of this verb would be based on √WA and the pasts based on √AW.
A final twist is that in the note from DLN Tolkien mentions u-intrusion, a sound change parallel to the more common i-intrusion, whereby a final u moved before a preceding consonant. The forms awn and gwawn are thus the u-intruded results of anu and gwanu. This u-intrusion would not occur in forms with further suffixes, like anwen “I went”.
A probably related form gwanwen “departed” appears in the Quendi and Eldar (Q&E) essay from 1959-60 (WJ/378). This could be an independent adjective, but could also be a passive participle of gwae- (or some variant of it), possibly a strengthened or elaborated form of gwanu/gwawn. Note that Q&E also states that:
> The only normal derivative [of AWA] is the preposition o, the usual word for ‘from, of’. None of the forms of the element ✱awa are found as a prefix in S, probably because they became like or the same as the products of ✱wō, ✱wo (WJ/366).
Some people believe this indicates that Tolkien rejected other derivatives like gwae-, but since Q&E also contains gwanwen, I think this statement only applies to direct derivatives of AWA, as opposed to gwae- and gwanwen which are derived from the inverted root WĀ.
Neo-Sindarin: How to handle this verb in the context of Neo-Sindarin is unclear. Given the extreme irregularity of this verb, it is tempting to discard it. Unfortunately, we have no other attested Sindarin verbs for “to depart”. Furthermore, common verbs like “go” tend to be irregular in many languages (such as English as “go” vs. “went”), so it makes sense the same would be true of Sindarin. As such, I propose the following conjugation for this verb (hat tip to Gilruin for most of this paradigm; he suggested much better forms than my original ideas):
Present tense ✱gwae “go” < primitive ✶gwa-ĭ, with inflections added to this form: gwaen “I go”, ✱gwael “you go”, etc.
Past tense awn “went” < ✶anwē with u-intrusion. Inflected forms are based on non-intruded anw-: anwen “I went”, ✱anwel “you went”, etc.
Past/passive participle gwanwen “departed”, an elaboration of the older (archaic?) perfective participle gwanu/gwawn.
Future ✱gwatha “will go”, ✱gwathon “I will go”, < ✶wa-thā, wa-thā-nĭ.
Gerund ✱gwaed (< ✶wa-itā) and active participle ✱gwaul (< ✶wa-ālā) “departing”.
Imperative ✱gwaw “go!” < ✶wa-ā, as with baw “don’t!” < ✶bā (WJ/371-2).
Finally, this verb means “go” specifically in the sense “depart”, that is: “go away”. For “go (generally and in any direction)”, use the verb men-.
If you dislike this irregularity of gwae- or you believe that Tolkien’s note in Q&E (see above) indicates this verb was rejected along with (most) Sindarin derivatives of AWA, then the neologism haena- “to leave, depart” gives an alternative verb.
lim
adjective. swift
adj. swift. Noro lim, noro lim Asfaloth. 'Run swift, run swift Asfaloth'. Q. limbe,#linta.
ael
pool
1) ael (aelin-, pl. aelin) (lake, mere). In ”Noldorin” oel, pl. oelin. 2)
ael
pool
(aelin-, pl. aelin) (lake, mere). In ”Noldorin” oel, pl. oelin.
celeg
swift
1) celeg (agile), lenited geleg, pl. celig, 2) lagor, analogical pl. legyr, 3) legrin (rapid), no distinct pl. form, 4) lint (no distinct pl. form)
edhel
elf
(pl. edhil). Coll. pl. Edhelrim (or Edhellim) (UT:318). Also †eledh, pl. elidh, coll. pl. eledhrim (Letters:281), also elen, pl. elin, also with coll. pl. eledhrim (elen + rim with the regular change nr > dhr). (WJ:363, 377-78; the shorter coll. pl. Eldrim > *Elrim*** may also occur). But since elin** also means "stars", other terms for "Elf" may be preferred.
falas
shore, foaming shore
(pl. felais) (beach, coast, strand, line of surf; the word was especially used of the western seaboard of Beleriand) (VT42:15). Adj.
glir
sing
1) glir- (i **lîr, in glirir) (recite poem), 2) linna- (i linna, i linnar**) (chant)
glîr
song
1) glîr (i **lîr, construct glir) (poem, lay), no distinct pl. form except with article (in glîr), coll. pl. glíriath. 2) laer (no distinct pl. form). Note: a homophone means ”summer”. 3) lind (air, tune; also = singer, in the latter sense also used of rivers), no distinct pl. form (WJ.309). See also HYMN regarding the word aerlinn**.
glîr
song
(i ’lîr, construct glir) (poem, lay), no distinct pl. form except with article (in glîr), coll. pl. glíriath. 2) laer (no distinct pl. form). Note: a homophone means ”summer”. 3) lind (air, tune; also = singer, in the latter sense also used of rivers), no distinct pl. form (WJ.309). See also
hâl
fish
(noun) hâl (i châl, o châl, construct hal), pl. hail (i chail) (VT45:20); also lim (no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. limmath). Note: a homophone means ”clear, sparkling, light”.
hâl
fish
(i châl, o châl, construct hal), pl. hail (i chail) (VT45:20); also lim (no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. limmath). Note: a homophone means ”clear, sparkling, light”.
iphant
full of years
(aged, long-lived), pl. iphaint. The spelling used in the source is ”ifant” (LR:400 s.v. YEN), but since the f arises from earlier (n > m +) p via nasal mutation, it should be written ph according to the spelling conventions described in LotR Appendix E.
laegel
green-elf
pl. laegil; coll. pl. laegrim or laegeldrim (WJ:385). These forms from a late source would seem to supersede the ”N” forms listed in LR:368 s.v. LÁYAK: *Lhoebenidh* or *Lhoebelidh*. The Green-elves of Beleriand were also called Lindel (pl. Lindil), also Lindedhel (pl. Lindedhil) *(WJ:385)*.
lend
tuneful
lend (sweet), pl. lind. Note: a homophone means ”way, journey”.
lend
tuneful
(sweet), pl. lind. Note: a homophone means ”way, journey”.
sîr
river
1) (also = rill) sîr (i hîr, o sîr), in compounds sir- or -hir or -hír; no distinct pl. form except with article (i sîr), coll. pl. siriath. Note: sîr is also the adverb ”today”. 2) celon (i gelon, o chelon), pl. celyn (pl. i chelyn), 3) The word lind ”singer” may also be used of rivers (see . (WJ.309).
tî
row
tî (i dî, o thî) (line), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thî), coll. pl. tíath;
tî
row
(i dî, o thî) (line), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thî), coll. pl. tíath;
edhel
noun. Elf
eledh
noun. Elf
ell
noun. Elf
lass
noun. leaf, leaf; [G.] petal
The basic Sindarin word for “leaf”, derived from the root √LAS (PE17/62, 153; PE22/166). It appeared as both lass and las, but I believe the latter is the suffixal form, the result of the Sindarin sound change whereby final ss shortened in polysyllables (LotR/1115). Its plural form was lais, which is of interest because normally consonant clusters prevent i-intrusion]]; compare nern and resg the plurals of narn and rasg. I am of the opinion that the ss was a particular “weak” cluster and allowed intrusion anyway; see the entry on Sindarin plural nouns for further discussion.
Conceptual Development: G. lass “a leaf” appeared all the way back in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, but there Tolkien said it was sometimes used for “petal” = G. tethlas (GL/52). In Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s it became ᴱN. lhas “leaf” (PE13/148) and N. lhass “leaf” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶lassē under the root ᴹ√LAS (Ety/LAS¹). These 1920s-30s forms were due to the Noldorin sound change whereby initial l was unvoiced to lh. Tolkien abandoned this sound change in Sindarin of the 1950s and 60s, so that lass “leaf” was restored.
-wen
suffix. their
_3rd pl. poss. suff. their.See also the paradigm of poss. suff. in PE17:46. Earlier -ent_. >> -ent
adaneth
noun. (mortal) woman
andaith
noun. long-mark, sign used in writing alphabetic tengwar over a vowel, to indicate that it is lengthened.
arwen
noun. noble woman
bain
fair
_ adj. _fair, good, blessed, wholesome, favourable, without evil/bad element, not dangerous, evil or hostile. bân or bain << bân pl. bain. >> bân
bess
noun. (young) woman
bess
noun. wife
bân
adjective. fair
_ adj. _fair, good, wholesome, favourable, not dangerous, evil or hostile. bân or bain << bân pl. bain. >> bain
celeg
adjective. swift, agile, hasty
cidinn
?. [unglossed]
cinnog
?. [unglossed]
duin
noun. (long and large) river (having strong current)
elen
noun. Elf
fael
adjective. fair minded, just, generous
fair
adjective. quick
_adj. _quick, ready, prompt. >> feir
falathren
noun/adjective. of the shore
falathren
noun/adjective. Shore-language (one of the names for Common Speech)
feir
adjective. quick
_adj. _quick, ready, prompt. >> fair
finde
noun. fine hair
n. #fine hair. >> deil
glae
noun. grass
A word for “grass” reported by Lisa Star from notes associated with The Lord of the Rings appendices, in unpublished material from the Marquette collection (TT17/33). It may be derived from an elaboration of the root √LAY which had other-plant related derivatives.
glan(n)
noun. boundary
gland
noun. boundary
glandagol
noun. boundary mark
glann
noun. boundary
gwain
adjective. fair
adj. fair. . This gloss was rejected.
gwana
noun/adjective. fair
gwelu
noun. air (as substance)
gwân
adjective. fair
_ adj. _fair, pale.
hair
noun/adjective. left (hand)
harvo
noun. left hand
harvo
noun. left side
iaur
adjective. old, old; [N.] ancient, olden
laer
noun. song, long lay
laer
noun. song
lagor
adjective. swift, rapid
The form lhegin in the published Etymologies might be a misreading for lhegrin, see VT/45:25. As noted by Bertrand Bellet, the two forms are listed side by side, and they may simply be doublets, but it is also possible that we have here a singular followed by its plural.
lammas
proper name. Account of Tongues
A book by Pengolodh describing the Elvish languages, translated “Account of Tongues” (MR/415, WJ/393). It is a combination of lam “language” with the abstract-noun suffix -as.
Conceptual Development: Tolkien wrote an excerpt from this book in the 1930s, first titled Lammas but soon revised to N. Lhammas (LR/167), because [[n|initial [r-], [l-] were unvoiced]] in his conception of the languages during this time period. Later the name changed back to S. Lammas when Tolkien abandoned this particular phonetic development.
las
leaf
pl1. lais** **_ n. _leaf. Only applied to certain kinds of leaves, esp. those of trees, and would not e.g. be used of leaf of hyacinth. It is thus possibly related to LAS 'listen', and S-LAS stem of Elvish words for 'ear'. Q. lasse, pl1. lassi.
las
noun. leaf
lass
noun. leaf
lass
leaf
lend
adjective. tuneful, sweet
leweg
noun. snake
_ n. _snake.
lhê
noun. fine thread, spider filament
lhûg
noun. snake, serpent
lim
noun. fish
limlug
noun. fish-dragon, sea-serpent
limp
adjective. wet
loeg
noun. pool
loeg
noun. pool
loen
adjective. soaking wet, swamped
lond
noun. narrow path or strait
lond
noun. entrance to harbour, land-locked haven
lonn
noun. narrow path or strait
lonn
noun. entrance to harbour, land-locked haven
lorn
noun. quiet water
lorn
noun. anchorage, harbour
lîr
noun. song, poem, lay
lîr
noun. row, range
lýg
noun. snake
_ n. Zoo. _snake. Q. leuka.
lŷg
noun. snake
lŷg
noun. snake
The best known Sindarin word for “snake”, appearing in Appendix E of The Lord of the Rings (LotR/1115). In 1964 notes on Dalath Dirnen (DD), Tolkien said it was derived from the root √LEWEK “worm” (PE17/160), likely from ✱leukā where the ancient eu became ȳ as was usual in Sindarin (LotR/1115).
madu
?. [unglossed]
maeron
noun. artist
_ n. _artist. It usually, but not necessarily, implied a poet. Q. maitar.
maud
?. [unglossed]
men-
verb. to go
nen
noun. water (used of a lake, pool or lesser river)
nen
noun. waterland
nen
water
{ĕ}_ n. _water, lake. Q. nén. >> nîn
nínui
noun/adjective. watery
nínui
noun/adjective. the month of february
nîn
adjective. wet, watery
nîn
wet
_ adj. _wet. Q. nenya. >> Nindalf
penedh
noun. Elf
rhib-
verb. to scratch
rim
noun. cold pool or lake (in mountains)
romru
noun. sound of horns
rû
noun. loud-sound, trumpet-sound
sirith
noun. flowing
sirith
place name. Flowing
sirith
noun. flowing
sîr
noun. river
taith
noun. mark
*rhib
scratch
*rhib- (?i thrîb or ?i rîb the lenition product of rh- is uncertain; pl. ”those who scratch” ?i ribir).
adaneth
mortal woman
(pl. edenith), also firieth (pl. firith).
aeglir
range of mountain peaks
aeglir (no distinct pl. form). See also HORN.
aeglir
range of mountain peaks
aeglir (no distinct pl. form);
anc
row of teeth
(jaw), pl. ainc, coll. pl. angath.
avar
non-eldarin elf
pl. Evair, also called
bad
go
#bad- (i vâd, i medir), pa.t. bant. Isolated from trevad- ”traverse”.
bad
go
(i vâd, i medir), pa.t. bant. Isolated from trevad- ”traverse”.
bain
fair
bain (beautiful). Lenited vain. No distinct pl. form.
bain
fair
(beautiful). Lenited vain. No distinct pl. form.
bess
woman
bess (i vess, construct bes) (wife), pl. biss (i miss). The word etymologically means ”wife”, but the meaning was generalized.
bess
woman
(i vess, construct bes) (wife), pl. biss (i miss). The word etymologically means ”wife”, but the meaning was generalized.
both
small pool
(i moth, construct both) (puddle), pl. byth (i mbyth). David Salo would lengthen the vowel and read ✱bôth in Sindarin.
brêg
quick
brêg (sudden, lively), lenited vrêg, pl. brîg
brêg
quick
(sudden, lively), lenited vrêg, pl. brîg
brûn
elder, eldest
(long endured, long established, long in use), lenited vrûn, pl. bruin. Cf. also
bâd
pathway
(i vâd, construct bad) (beaten track), pl. baid (i maid).
calben
elf of the great journey
(i galben, o chalben), pl. celbin (i chelbin).
celeg
swift
(agile), lenited geleg, pl. celig
cell
flowing
(adj., used of water) cell (running), lenited gell, pl. cill
cell
flowing
(running), lenited gell, pl. cill
celon
river
(i gelon, o chelon), pl. celyn (pl. i chelyn)
crom
left
(lenited grom, pl. crym), with corresponding noun
crumguru
having a cunning left hand
lenited grumguru, pl. crumgyry (or crymgyry if the entire word is umlauted, but this may be unlikely) (VT45:24)
danwaith
nandor
(a tribe of Elves) Danwaith ("Dan-folk"), lenited Nanwaith (WJ:385). Also called, by confusion with the name of their leader Denwe, Denwaith (”People of Denwe”) (WJ:385)
danwaith
nandor
("Dan-folk"), lenited Nanwaith (WJ:385). Also called, by confusion with the name of their leader Denwe, Denwaith (”People of Denwe”) (WJ:385)
dess
young woman
(i ness, o ndess, constuct des), pl. diss (i ndiss).
duin
river
(long, large river with strong current) duin (i dhuin), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nuin) (VT48:24)
duin
large river
(i dhuin), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nuin), coll. pl. duinath (Names:179, PM:54); compare the river-name Anduin, ”long river”.
dúnedhel
elf of beleriand
(i Núnedhel), pl. *Dúnedhil*** (i Ndúnedhil*). (WJ:378, 386)*
edhelharn
elf-stone
(pl. edhelhern) (SD:128-31).
elleth
elf-woman
(pl. ellith) (WJ:363-64, 377)
ellon
elf-man
(pl. ellyn)
elu
adjective. (pale) blue
elvellon
elf-friend
(pl. elvellyn, coll. pl. elvellonnath (WJ:412);
ethir
of a river
(estuary), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. ethiriath. Note: a homophone means "spy".
falathren
of the shore
(pl. felethrin)
faur
shore
(beach), pl. foer, coll. pl. forath (VT46:15)
fû Speculative
noun. path
glae
grass
glae (i **lae), no distinct pl. form except with article (in glae**).
glae
grass
(i ’lae), no distinct pl. form except with article (in glae).
gland
boundary
1) gland (i **land, construct glan), pl. glaind (i glaind), coll. pl. glannath, 2) lest (girdle, fence), pl. list**; 3)
gland
boundary
(i ’land, construct glan), pl. glaind (i glaind), coll. pl. glannath
glir
sing
(i ’lîr, in glirir) (recite poem)
golas
collection of leaves
(i ’olas) (foliage), pl. gelais (i ngelais = i ñelais), coll. pl. golassath. Archaic pl. göleis. ”
gwanur
kinsman
(i ’wanur) (brother), pl. gwenyr (in gwenyr). Note: a homophone of the sg. means ”pair of twins”.
gwanwel
elf of aman
(”departed” Elf), pl. gwenwil (in gwenwil), coll. pl. gwanwellath. (WJ:378) Also gwanwen; see
gwelu
air
2) (as substance) gwelu (i **welu), analogical pl. gwely (in gwely) if there is a pl. The attested form is archaic gwelw** (LR:398 s.v. WIL). Hence the coll. pl. is likely *gwelwath, if there is a coll. pl..
gwelu
air
(i ’welu), analogical pl. gwely (in gwely) if there is a pl. The attested form is archaic gwelw (LR:398 s.v. WIL). Hence the coll. pl. is likely ✱gwelwath, if there is a coll. pl..
gwelwen
air
1) (as a region) gwelwen (i **welwen), pl. gwelwin (in gwelwin), also gwilith (i **wilith), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwilith)
gwelwen
air
(i ’welwen), pl. gwelwin (in gwelwin), also gwilith (i ’wilith), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwilith)
habad
shore
(i chabad, o chabad), pl. hebaid (i chebaid). Archaic pl. hebeid (LR:386).
hair
left
(adj.) hair (lenited chair; no distinct pl. form); also used as noun
hair
left
HAND (*hair, o chair, i chair, no distinct pl. form even with article; cited in archaic form heir, LR:365 s.v. KHYAR). Adj. LEFT also crom (lenited grom, pl. crym), with corresponding noun
hair
left
(lenited chair; no distinct pl. form); also used as noun
hair
left hand
o chair, i chair, no distinct pl. form even with article; cited in archaic form heir, LR:365 s.v. KHYAR). Adj.
hâr
left
(noun, the direction) hâr (i châr) (south).
hâr
left
(i châr) (south).
iaur
old
1) iaur (ior-, iar-) (ancient, former), pl. ioer. Compare ELDER, ELDEST, q.v. 2) brûn (long endured, long established, long in use), lenited vrûn, pl. bruin. Cf. also
iaur
old
(ior-, iar-) (ancient, former), pl. ioer. Compare
imrad
path
(between mountains, hills or through trackless forest) imrad (pass), pl. imraid.
imrad
path
(pass), pl. imraid.
laew
many
laew (frequent); no distinct pl. form.
laew
many
(frequent); no distinct pl. form.
lagor
swift
analogical pl. legyr
lammad
sound of voices
pl. lemmaid. May also be spelt with a single m.
lammas
account of tongues
Lammas
lass
leaf
lass (pl. #lais). (Letters:282, PM:135).
lass
leaf
(pl. #lais). (Letters:282, PM:135).
law
noun. sound
lefn
elf left behind
pl. lifn.
legrin
swift
(rapid), no distinct pl. form
lest
boundary
(girdle, fence), pl. list
lhûg
dragon
lhûg (construct lhug; with article ?i thlûg or ?i lûg the lenition product of lh is uncertain) (snake, serpent), pl. lhuig (?i luig), also amlug (pl. emlyg).
lhûg
dragon
(construct lhug; with article ?i thlûg or ?i lûg – the lenition product of lh is uncertain) (snake, serpent), pl. lhuig (?i luig), also amlug (pl. emlyg).
lhûn
making sound
lenited ?thlûn or ?lûn (the lenition product of lh is uncertain), pl. lhuin. Verb
lim
noun. fish
limlug
fish-dragon
(sea serpent), pl. limlyg
limlug
fish-dragon
limlug (sea serpent), pl. limlyg
limlug
fish-dragon
limlug (sea serpent), pl. limlyg. FISH-WATCHER, see KINGFISHER
limlug
noun. fish-dragon, sea-serpent
limp
adjective. wet
limp
wet
(no distinct pl. form).
loeg
pool
loeg (no distinct pl. form: loeg is also atttested with plural meaning) (VT45:29). 4) nên (water, lake, stream, waterland), construct nen, pl. nîn.
loeg
pool
(no distinct pl. form: loeg is also atttested with plural meaning) (VT45:29). 4) nên (water, lake, stream, waterland), construct nen, pl. nîn.
loen
soaking wet
(swamped), no distinct pl. form.
lorn
quiet water
(anchorage, haven, harbour), pl. lyrn (VT45:29).
lŷg
snake
1) lŷg (constuct lyg), no distinct pl. form. 2) lhûg (construct lhug, with article ?i thlûg or ?i lûg the lenition product of lh is uncertain) (dragon, serpent), pl. lhuig (?i luig). See SERPENT.
mesc
wet
1) mesc (lenited vesc, pl. misc). Also spelt mesg. 2) limp (no distinct pl. form). 3)
mesc
wet
(lenited vesc, pl. misc). Also spelt mesg.
miniel
first elf
(i Viniel), pl. Mínil (i Mínil), coll. pl. Miniellath. (WJ:383)
mornedhel
dark elf
(i Vornedhel), pl. Mornedhil (i Mornedhil). Conceivably the entire word could be umlauted in the pl.: ?Mernedhil. **(WJ:409) Another term for ”Dark Elf” is Dúredhel (i Dhúredhel), pl. Dúredhil (i Núredhil**).
nellad
sound of bells
(pl. nellaid);
nend
watery
1) nend (pl. nind), 2) nîn (wet); no distinct pl. form. Note: nîn is also used as a noun ”tear” and as the pl. form of nên ”water”; there is also the possessive pronoun nín ”my”. 3) nínui (tearful); no distinct pl. form
nend
adjective. watery
nend
watery
(pl. nind)
nên
water
nên (lake, pool, stream, waterland), construct nen, pl. nîn. FLOOD-WATER (or ”wash”) iôl (pl. ŷl) (RC:334, VT48:33).
nên
water
(lake, pool, stream, waterland), construct nen, pl. nîn.
nínui
watery
(tearful); no distinct pl. form
nîd
wet
nîd (damp, tearful); no distinct pl. form. 4) nîn (watery); no distinct pl. form. Note: nîn is also used as a noun ”tear”; there is also the possessive pronoun nín ”my”.
nîd
wet
(damp, tearful); no distinct pl. form. 4) nîn (watery); no distinct pl. form. Note: nîn is also used as a noun ”tear”; there is also the possessive pronoun nín ”my”.
nîn
watery
(wet); no distinct pl. form. Note: nîn is also used as a noun ”tear” and as the pl. form of nên ”water”; there is also the possessive pronoun nín ”my”.
orodrim
range of mountains
(itself a coll. pl. of orod ”mountain”)
pada
walk
(i bada, i phadar)
peredhel
half-elf
(pl. peredhil) (PM:256, 348).
rhast
shore
(?i thrast or ?i rast – the lenition product of rh is uncertain), pl. rhaist (?idh raist).
rhib
scratch
(?i thrîb or ?i rîb – *the lenition product of rh- is uncertain*; pl. ”those who scratch” ?i ribir).
romru
sound of horns
pl. remry (idh remry) for archaic römry;
râd
path
râd (track), construct rad, pl. raid (idh raidh).
râd
path
(track), construct rad, pl. raid (idh raidh).
send
grey-elf
(i hend, o send, construct sen) (probably a term only used by the Noldor, borrowed from Quenya Sinda), pl. sind (i sind), coll. pl. Sendrim (the only attested form).
sirith
flowing
(noun) sirith (i hirith, o sirith) (stream), no distinct pl. except with article (i sirith)
sirith
flowing
(i hirith, o sirith) (stream), no distinct pl. except with article (i sirith)
sîr
river
(i hîr, o sîr), in compounds sir- or -hir or -hír; no distinct pl. form except with article (i sîr), coll. pl. siriath. Note: sîr is also the adverb ”today”.
taith
mark
(noun) taith (i daith, o thaith), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thaith). Archaic teith.
taith
mark
(i daith, o thaith), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thaith). Archaic teith.
teler
teler
(i Deler), pl. Telir (i Thelir) or coll. pl. Tellerrim (PM:385). See
thriben
adjective. lean
thâr
stiff grass
pl. thair if there is a pl; coll. pl. tharath.
tîr
straight
tîr (lenited dîr, no distinct pl. form) (right). Note: a homophone means ”looking, view, glance” (noun).
tîr
straight
(lenited dîr, no distinct pl. form) (right). Note: a homophone means ”looking, view, glance” (noun).
An Elf of Rivendell (LotR/237). His name appears to be a combination of lind “song” and dîr “man”.