ta

pronoun. they; 3rd pl. neut. pronoun

ta

preposition. on, above; by, beside; than [in comparisons]

ta

pronoun. that (there)

tanya

adjective. that

tá

adverb/adjective. high; high above, high up

An adjective or adverb in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s appearing as tā “†high” or “high above, high up” under the early root ᴱ√TAHA (QL/87). It was mentioned again as tá “above” in the English-Qenya Dictionary of the 1920s, but in that document it was deleted (PE15/67). The Qenya word tá was also given as the equivalent of ᴱN. dá “high” in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/141, 161).

ta-

prefix. *their; 3rd pl. neut. possessive

tasarin

noun. willow

tande

adverb. thither

tassarin

noun. willow

lintasarindea

adjective. having many willows

A word for “having many willows” appearing in various notes from the 1910s and 20s as linta(ta)sarind(e)a (QL/53), lintasarind(e)a (PME/53) and lintatasarindea (PE14/112). It is a combination of ᴱQ. li(n)- “many” and an adjectival form of ᴱQ. tasarin “willow”. The possibly duplicated ta(ta) in this word seems to be an artifact of the prefix ᴱQ. li(n)-; compare to limpa(pa)lasse(a) “much roaring” based on ᴱQ. palasse “splashing” (QL/53).

sahta-

verb. to split

A verb appearing as ᴱQ. sahta- “to split” in Early Qenya Phonology of the 1920s derived from primitive ᴱ✶stak+ta- (PE14/66).

Neo-Quenya: Since the root ᴹ√STAK “split, insert” survives in Tolkien’s later writings, I think ᴺQ. sahta- “to split” can be retained for purposes of Neo-Quenya. It does conflicted with the later verb Q. sahta- “induce” from the 1950s, but I think the two can coexist.

orta

preposition. above

The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had ᴱQ. orta “above” under the early root ᴱ√ORO (QL/70). The English-Qenya Dictionary of the 1920s had orta “above” as an adverb, plus atta/orta as prepositions, but these were all deleted.

Neo-Quenya: Luinyelle and Arael coined a neologism ᴺQ. orsa [þ] “upper, above” as an adjective, posted to the Vinyë Lambengolmor Discord Server (VLDS) on 2022-05-23 and inspired by G. ortha and ᴺS. orth “upper”. As pointed out by Parmandil in 2024, this cannot be derived from ✱ortha since otherwise rth &gt; rt, so it must be from or(o)thā; compare ursa [þ] “rage” < ✱ur(u)tha.

-nta

suffix. to, at, towards; allative suffix

kanta

cardinal. four

nahta-

verb. to slay cruelly

tyú(ta)

noun. thigh

anta-

verb. to give

erus(ta)

noun/adjective. outside

ista-

verb. to know

lirit(ta)

noun. poem, lay, written poem

ohta

noun. war

tengwet(ta)

noun. idea, notion

atta

preposition. above

entan

adverb. then

kan(ta)kainen

cardinal. forty

linta(ta)sarind(e)a

adjective. having many willows

tetta

noun. baby

ne

conjunction. that

sanda

adjective. that

santo

pronoun. that

kasse

preposition. above

A preposition (and adverb?) for “above” in the English-Qenya Dictionary of the 1920s, used with the genitive (PE15/68). It is simply the locative of ᴱQ. kas.

nen

noun. nostril

A word appearing as ᴱQ. nen “nostril” in several documents from the 1920s (PE14/72; PE15/75; PE16/113). Its plural form nengi made it clear its stem was neng- (PE14/72; PE16/112). Its (Early Qenya) dual nenqi was also “usually used of the nose or both nostrils of one person” (PE15/75).

Conceptual Development: In the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, the word for “nostril” was ᴱQ. sūma under the early root ᴱ√SUHYU “breath, exhale”, where its dual sunwi “nostrils” could also be used as “nose” (QL/86). The word súma “nostril” was mentioned in the contemporaneous Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa along with its dual sunwi (PME/86). Under the same early root, Tolkien had ᴱQ. súne as a more ordinary word for “nose”, specifically a nose of a human (QL/86; PME/86). ᴱQ. súne “nose” survived in the documents from the 1920s (PE14/76; PE15/75; PE16/136), but “nostril” became ᴱQ. nen (neng-) as noted above.

See the entry on ᴹQ. nengwe for a discussion of later “nose” words from the 1930s.

Neo-Quenya: Since ᴹ√NEÑ-WI was the base for the word ᴹQ. nengwe “nose” in The Etymologies of the 1930s (Ety/NEÑ-WI), ᴺQ. nen (neng-) “nostril” might remain viable for purposes of Neo-Quenya as a derivative of the shorter form of this root: ᴹ√NEÑ. However, in later Quenya grammar its dual would most likely become ✱nengu, and I would use the dual only for “(pair of) nostrils” and not “nose”.

lailekse

noun. willow

A word for a “willow” in Early Qenya Word-lists of the 1920s, appearing beside the more usual “willow” word ᴱQ. tassarin (PE16/139). There is no sign of lailekse outside of this 1920s document.

-ndon

suffix. -ly, -ily; manner suffix

-tya

suffix. causative

sa

pronoun. that (there)

-ine

suffix. noun suffix

-lis

suffix. noun suffix

-re

suffix. noun suffix

-rin

suffix. noun suffix

alkar

noun. glory

kor

noun. war

nara

noun. strife

oro-

verb. to rise

pilin

noun. feather; arrow

súma

noun. nostril

tulu-

verb. to bring, carry, fetch; to move (intr.), come; to produce, bear fruit

tur

noun. king

yúyo

cardinal. two

-lin

suffix. noun suffix

amarto

noun. fate

enken

adverb. then

pieksin

noun. brooch

tea-

prefix. *their; 3rd pl. neut. possessive

tyen

adverb. then

túranu

noun. king

vardar

noun. king