wán > ván noun "goose" (WA-N).
Primitive elvish
wan
root. WAN
(g)wan
root. pale, fair
Quenya
wán
goose
av-
verb. depart
#av- vb. "depart" (cited in the form avin "he departs", read "I depart" in LotR-style Quenya), pa.t. ambë (QL:33). The word may perhaps be used to translate "leave" with a direct object, since "depart" is at least vaguely transitive in English.
fána
white
fána, fánë (1) adj. "white" (Markirya - fánë as a sg. form in may be a misreading). Compare fanya.
fána
adjective. white, white; [ᴹQ.] cloud
@@@ as suggested by Helge Fauskanger, the form fánë “white” in the Markirya poem may be a slip or misreading
fánë
adjective. white
isca
pale
isca ("k") adj."pale" (LT1:256)
laiwa
sick, sickly, ill
laiwa adj. "sick, sickly, ill" (SLIW, VT45:28). Since Tolkien eventually decided that roots in sl- yield Quenya words in hl- (though this was pronounced l- in late Exilic Quenya), it may be that the spelling *hlaiwa is to be preferred.
luina
pale
[luina] adj. "pale" (VT45:30)
malda
yellow, of golden colour
malda adj. "yellow, of golden colour" (PE17:51), variant of malina. An earlier source (the Etymologies, entry SMAL) has malda as the noun "gold" but LotR gives malta, q.v., and according to VT46:14 the form malta originally appeared in the Etymologies as well. Since Quenya sometimes uses adjectives as nouns (see for instance fanya), malda could still be regarded as a valid side-form of the noun malta "gold".
malina
yellow
malina adj. "yellow" (SMAL, Letters:308), "yellow, of golden colour" (PE17:51). Malinalda *"Yellow-tree", a name of Laurelin (SA:mal-; evidently malina + alda), translated "Tree of Gold" in the Silmarillion index. Cf. also malinornë.
malwa
fallow, pale
malwa adj. "fallow, pale" (SMAL)
marya
pale, fallow, fawn
marya adj. "pale, fallow, fawn" (MAD)
ninquë
white, chill, cold, palid
ninquë adj. "white, chill, cold, palid" (WJ:417, SA:nim, PE17:168, NIK-W - spelt "ninqe" in Etym and in LT1:266, MC:213, MC:220, GL:60), pl. ninqui in Markirya. Compounded in Ninquelótë noun "White-Flower" (SA:nim), = Sindarin Nimloth, the White Tree of Númenor; ninqueruvissë ("q") "white-horse-on" _(MC:216; this is "Qenya", read _ninqueroccossë or *ninquiroccossë in LotR-style Quenya). Normally ninquë would be expected to have the stem-form ninqui-, given the primitive form ¤ninkwi; Ninquelótë rather than *Ninquilótë must be seen as an analogical form.
néca
pale, vague, faint, dim to see
néca ("k") adj "pale, vague, faint, dim to see", pl. nécë ("k") in Markirya
nívë
pale
nívë adj."pale" (MC:213; this is "Qenya" Tolkien's later Quenya has néca)
quámëa
sick
quámëa ("q")adj. "sick" (evidently = nauseous, cf. quámë and the verb quama-) (QL:76)
tulca
yellow
tulca (3) ("k") adj. "yellow". Adopted and adapted from Valarin; the normal Quenya word for "yellow" is rather malina (WJ:399)
ván
goose
ván noun "goose"; pl. váni given (WA-N). Older wán.
Noldorin
gwaun
noun. goose
A noun for “goose” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶wān under the root ᴹ√WĀ “blow” (Ety/WĀ), where ancient ā became au. It had a Noldorin plural form of guin, but if adapted to (Neo) Sindarin its plural would be gwoen: compare Sindarin plural S. noeg of naug “dwarf” (UT/100) vs. its Noldorin plural N. nuig (EtyAC/NAUK).
gwaun
noun. goose
gwanna-
verb. to depart, die
malen
adjective. yellow, yellow, [ᴱN.] yellowish, pale, wan, sickly
hmalw
adjective. fallow, pale
brassen
adjective. white-hot
fein
noun/adjective. white
fein
noun/adjective. cloud
gael
adjective. pale, glimmering
maidh
adjective. pale, fallow, fawn
malen
adjective. yellow
malw
adjective. fallow, pale
meidh
adjective. pale, fallow, fawn
nim-
adjective. pale, white
nimp
adjective. pale, white
nimp
adjective. pale
Sindarin
gwaun
goose
gwaun (i **waun), pl. goen (i ngoen = i ñoen). Coll. pl. ?gonath. In ”Noldorin”, the pl. form was guin**.
gwaun
goose
(i ’waun), pl. goen (i ngoen = i ñoen). Coll. pl. ?gonath. – In ”Noldorin”, the pl. form was guin.
nimp
adjective. pale, pallid, white, pale, pallid, white; small and frail, [ᴱN.] wan, sickly
gwanna
depart
gwanna- (i **wanna, in gwannar**) (die)
gwanna
depart
(i ’wanna, in gwannar) (die)
gwân
adjective. pale, fair
nim
adjective. white
fain
noun/adjective. white
fain
noun/adjective. cloud
glân
adjective. white, [bright shining] white; [N.] clear; [G.] pure, †bright; [ᴱN.] clean
malu
adjective. fallow, pale
nim
white
_adj. _white. >> Nimbrethil
nim
white
nimp
adjective. pale
adj. pale, pallid. nimp << nim (PE17:168). >> niphred
silivren
adjective. (white) glittering
uilos
noun/adjective. always white, ever white as snow
uilos
noun/adjective. a small white everlasting flower also called simbelmynë or "evermind"
baran
yellow brown
(swart, dark brown, golden-brown), pl. berain.
elu
pale blue
(analogical pl. ely). Archaic elw (pl. ilw?).
faen
white
(radiant). No distinct pl. form.
fain
white
; no distinct pl. form.
gael
pale
(glittering), lenited ’ael; no distinct pl. form.
gloss
white as snow, dazzling white
(in compounds -los), lenited ’loss; pl. glyss.
glân
white
1) glân (clear), lenited lân, pl. glain. (UT:390, VT45:13). Note: a homophone means ”hem, border”. 2) nimp (nim-) (pale); no distinct pl. form. 3) faen (radiant). No distinct pl. form. 4) fain; no distinct pl. form.
glân
white
(clear), lenited ’lân, pl. glain. (UT:390, VT45:13). Note: a homophone means ”hem, border”.
gwind
pale blue
(lenited ’wind; no distinct pl. form).
maidh
pale
1) maidh (lenited vaidh; no distinct pl. form) (fallow, fawn), 2) nimp (nim-) (white); no distinct pl. form, 3) thind (grey); no distinct pl. form; 4) gael (glittering), lenited ael; no distinct pl. form. 5) *malu (lenited valu; analogical pl. mely; lenited valu) (fallow). Cited in archaic form malw (LR:386 s.v. SMAL).
maidh
pale
(lenited vaidh; no distinct pl. form) (fallow, fawn)
maidh
fallow
(lenited vaidh; no distinct pl. form) (pale, fawn)
malen
yellow
malen (lenited valen; pl. melin).
malen
yellow
(lenited valen; pl. melin).
malu
pale
(lenited valu; analogical pl. mely; lenited valu) (fallow). Cited in archaic form malw (LR:386 s.v. SMAL).
malu
fallow
1) *malu (lenited valu; analogical pl. mely) (pale). Cited in archaic form malw (LR:386 s.v. SMAL). 2) maidh (lenited vaidh; no distinct pl. form) (pale, fawn)
malu
fallow
(lenited valu; analogical pl. mely) (pale). Cited in archaic form malw (LR:386 s.v. SMAL).
mith
pale grey
(lenited vith; no distinct pl. form). David Salo would read mîth with a long vowel. Note: a homophone means ”white fog, wet mist”.
mâl
yellow powder
(i vâl; construct mal) (pollen), pl. mail or archaic mely (i mail, i mely). Older pl. meil (LR:386 s.v. SMAL).
nimp
white
(nim-) (pale); no distinct pl. form.
nimp
pale
(nim-) (white); no distinct pl. form
silivren
glittering white
(lenited hilivren; pl. *silivrin**). *Verb
thind
pale
(grey); no distinct pl. form
Quendya
tulka
adjective. yellow
Telerin
nimbi
adjective. white
nimbi
adjective. white
Nandorin
lygn
adjective. pale
Primitive form given as lugni "blue", sc. the stem LUG1 (LR:370, not defined) with an ending -ni not otherwise attested, though -i is an ending found on many primitive colour-adjectives. The ending _-i _causes umlaut u > y; compare yrc as the plural of urc "Orc". That a short original final -i is capable of causing such an umlaut at the Common Eldarin stage is somewhat surprising, since Primitive Quendian lugni should have become *lugne at this stage, and final e would hardly cause umlaut. Perhaps we are to understand that the change of final i to Common Eldarin e happened relatively late, after the Eldar had crossed the Hihtaeglir and parted with the Nandor?
Beware, older languages below! The languages below were invented during Tolkien's earlier period and should be used with caution. Remember to never, ever mix words from different languages!
Middle Primitive Elvish
wan
root. depart, go away, disappear, vanish
A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “depart, go away, disappear, vanish” with derivatives like ᴹQ. vanwa “gone, departed, vanished, lost, past” and N. gwann “departed, dead” (Ety/WAN). It was revised in pencil to ᴹ√VAN. The 1930s root is probably a later iteration of unglossed ᴱ√VAHA in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s which was an elaboration of ᴱ√AVA “go away, depart, leave”, and had derivatives like ᴱQ. vand- “way, path”, ᴱQ. vandl “staff”, and ᴱQ. vanwa “gone, on the road, past, over, lost” (QL/99). It also had derivatives in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon such as G. bâ “away, off”, G. bad- “travel”, and G. bang “staff” (GL/21).
In later writings, Q. vanwa was derived from the invertible root √WĀ/AWA; in the 1930s there is no indication that ᴹ√AWA “away” was invertible, so perhaps inversion √WĀ (WJ/366) can be considered the conceptual descendant of ᴹ√WAN and ᴱ√VAHA. For a time in the 1940s and 1950s, Q. vanwa was derived instead from √BA(N) “go, proceed” (PE22/97; PE17/16), but this root was abandoned in 1959. Thus, perhaps the full evolution was 1910s ᴱ√VAHA >> 1930s ᴹ√WAN >> ᴹ√VAN >> 1940s-50s √BA(N) >> 1960s √WĀ.
wān
noun. goose
thindi
adjective. pallid, grey, wan
smal
root. yellow
smalinā
adjective. yellow
smalwā
adjective. fallow, pale
gengwa
root. sick
A root in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “sick” with derivatives ᴹQ. engwa/N. gem “sickly” (Ety/GENG-WĀ). It was given as ᴹ√GENG-WĀ, and thus represented an extension of an otherwise unattested root ᴹ√GENG. In the entry for ᴹ√YEN from The Etymologies it appeared as ᴹ√GEM in the discussion of N. ingem “old, (lit.) year-sick” (EtyAC/YEN), but I believe this represents the Noldorin phonetic developments of the true primitive form rather than a conceptual variation. The continued appearance of Q. Engwar in The Silmarillion narratives of the 1950s and 60s hints that this root may have remained valid as well.
span
root. white
Gnomish
heth
adjective. white, pallid, wan
malon
adjective. yellow
Early Noldorin
malen
adjective. pale, wan, yellowish, sickly
nimp
adjective. wan, pale, sickly
lhui
adjective. pale
malw
adjective. yellow
Early Quenya
leuke
adjective. sick, ill; pallid, wan
ninqe
adjective. white
laiwa
adjective. pale
lossa
adjective. white
malin(d)
adjective. yellow
malina
adjective. yellow
níva
adjective. pale
qámea
adjective. sick
A word appearing as qāmea “sick” in Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s, an adjective form of ᴱQ. qáme “sickness, nausea” (QL/76).
Neo-Quenya: Since ᴹQ. qáme “sickness” appears in Tolkien’s later writings (Ety/KWAM), I would retain ᴺQ. quámëa for purposes of Neo-Quenya, but given the meaning of its noun form I would assume its primary meaning is “✱nauseous”, as opposed to generally sick which would be [ᴺQ.] hlaiwa.
yanwa
noun. goose
Qenya
malwa
adjective. fallow, pale, fallow, pale, [ᴱQ.] yellowish, *wan
ván
noun. goose
malina
adjective. yellow
ninqe
adjective. white
luina
adjective. pale
Old Noldorin
malina
adjective. yellow
Early Ilkorin
slíw
adjective. pale
Early Primitive Elvish
mala
root. yellow
niqi
root. white
sleiwa
adjective. pale
Doriathrin
lûn
adjective. pale
A Doriathrin adjective for “pale” derived from primitive ᴹ✶lugni, a revision of the form luin that appeared in The Etymologies as published in The Lost Road (Ety/LUG², EtyAC/LUG²). The revision of [ui] >> [ū] probably reflects Tolkien’s vacillation on how primitive [[ilk|[g] vocalized before [m], [n]]] in Ilkorin. The earlier form of this word might an element in the name Draugluin “Werewolf” (LR/134), which in earlier writings was glossed “Werewolf Pale” (LB/205). The early Noldorin word ᴱN. lhui “pale” might be a precursor to it (PE13/149).
Ossriandric
lygn
adjective. pale
An adjective for “pale” developed from primitive ᴹ✶lugni (Ety/LUG²). It seems that this word underwent [[dan|i-mutation of [u] to [y]]], as in the plural yrc of Dan. urc. However, it is known that [[mp|short final [i] became [e]]] in Common Eldarin, so that ᴹ✶lugni became ᴹ✶lugne before the divergence of these languages, making the i-mutation difficult to explain (as noted by Helge Fauskanger, AL-Nandorin/lygn). One possible explanation is that the short final [ĕ] either [[dan|reverted to [i] or did not change in the first place]] in the Danian branch of Eldarin.
Ancient telerin
nimbi
adjective. white
Valarin
tuluk-ha(n)
adjective. yellow
A root appearing several times in notes written on or shortly before 1960 with a general meaning “pale, fair” (PE17/150, 154, 165, 189; WJ/383), as opposed to √BAN which was simply “beautiful”. It seems Tolkien introduced this root when he realized that “VAN cannot only = fair (blonde), since vanima is applied in LR to Arwen who was like Lúthien dark” (PE17/165). In the Quendi and Eldar essay from 1959-60 he used this root for a new etymology for the tribal name of the Vanyar referring to their fair, blond hair.
This root appeared as √GWAN, √WAN and √GWAY, though the note where the last of these appeared was marked through (PE17/154). With √GWAN the root would merge with √BAN in both Quenya and Sindarin: Q. vanya and S. bain “fair and beautiful” (PE17/154). But with √WAN the two would remain distinct in Sindarin, as in bain “beautiful” vs. gwain “fair haired” (PE17/150). I find the second paradigm more interesting, and thus recommend assuming the ancient root was √WAN for the purposes of Neo-Eldarin.
This root might be a restoration of an earlier separation of ᴱ√ɃANA versus ᴱ√WANA in the Elvish languages as Tolkien conceived of them in the 1910s, though the semantic divisions in the earlier conception were not the same. See the entry on √BAN for further discussion.