wán

goose

wán > ván noun "goose" (WA-N).

av-

depart

#av- vb. "depart" (cited in the form avin "he departs", read "I depart" in LotR-style Quenya), pa.t. ambë (QL:33). The word may perhaps be used to translate "leave" with a direct object, since "depart" is at least vaguely transitive in English.

fána

white

fána, fánë (1) adj. "white" (Markirya - fánë as a sg. form in may be a misreading). Compare fanya.

fána

adjective. white, white; [ᴹQ.] cloud

@@@ as suggested by Helge Fauskanger, the form fánë “white” in the Markirya poem may be a slip or misreading

Element in

• Q. man cenuva fána cirya? “Who shall see a white ship?” ✧ MC/221
• Q. man tiruva fána cirya? “Who shall heed a white ship?” ✧ MC/222

Variations

• fáne ✧ MC/221; MC/222

fánë

adjective. white

isca

pale

isca ("k") adj."pale" (LT1:256)

laiwa

sick, sickly, ill

laiwa adj. "sick, sickly, ill" (SLIW, VT45:28). Since Tolkien eventually decided that roots in sl- yield Quenya words in hl- (though this was pronounced l- in late Exilic Quenya), it may be that the spelling *hlaiwa is to be preferred.

luina

pale

[luina] adj. "pale" (VT45:30)

malda

yellow, of golden colour

malda adj. "yellow, of golden colour" (PE17:51), variant of malina. An earlier source (the Etymologies, entry SMAL) has malda as the noun "gold" but LotR gives malta, q.v., and according to VT46:14 the form malta originally appeared in the Etymologies as well. Since Quenya sometimes uses adjectives as nouns (see for instance fanya), malda could still be regarded as a valid side-form of the noun malta "gold".

malina

yellow

malina adj. "yellow" (SMAL, Letters:308), "yellow, of golden colour" (PE17:51). Malinalda *"Yellow-tree", a name of Laurelin (SA:mal-; evidently malina + alda), translated "Tree of Gold" in the Silmarillion index. Cf. also malinornë.

malwa

fallow, pale

malwa adj. "fallow, pale" (SMAL)

marya

pale, fallow, fawn

marya adj. "pale, fallow, fawn" (MAD)

ninquë

white, chill, cold, palid

ninquë adj. "white, chill, cold, palid" (WJ:417, SA:nim, PE17:168, NIK-W - spelt "ninqe" in Etym and in LT1:266, MC:213, MC:220, GL:60), pl. ninqui in Markirya. Compounded in Ninquelótë noun "White-Flower" (SA:nim), = Sindarin Nimloth, the White Tree of Númenor; ninqueruvissë ("q") "white-horse-on" _(MC:216; this is "Qenya", read _ninqueroccossë or *ninquiroccossë in LotR-style Quenya). Normally ninquë would be expected to have the stem-form ninqui-, given the primitive form ¤ninkwi; Ninquelótë rather than *Ninquilótë must be seen as an analogical form.

néca

pale, vague, faint, dim to see

néca ("k") adj "pale, vague, faint, dim to see", pl. nécë ("k") in Markirya

nívë

pale

nívë adj."pale" (MC:213; this is "Qenya" Tolkien's later Quenya has néca)

quámëa

sick

quámëa ("q")adj. "sick" (evidently = nauseous, cf. quámë and the verb quama-) (QL:76)

tulca

yellow

tulca (3) ("k") adj. "yellow". Adopted and adapted from Valarin; the normal Quenya word for "yellow" is rather malina (WJ:399)

ván

goose

ván noun "goose"; pl. váni given (WA-N). Older wán.

gwaun

goose

gwaun (i **waun), pl. goen (i ngoen = i ñoen). Coll. pl. ?gonath. In ”Noldorin”, the pl. form was guin**.

gwaun

goose

(i ’waun), pl. goen (i ngoen = i ñoen). Coll. pl. ?gonath. – In ”Noldorin”, the pl. form was guin.

gwanna

depart

gwanna- (i **wanna, in gwannar**) (die)

gwanna

depart

(i ’wanna, in gwannar) (die)

gwân

adjective. pale, fair

Cognates

• Q. vanya “fair, beautiful, unmarred; fair-haired (yellow to golden), fair, beautiful, unmarred; fair-haired (yellow to golden); [ᴱQ.] good (not evil), holy” ✧ PE17/165

Derivations

• √(G)WAN “pale, fair” ✧ PE17/165

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
√GWAN > gwân	[gwana] > [gwan] > [gwān]	✧ PE17/165

nim

adjective. white

Cognates

• Q. ninquë “white; chill, cold; pallid” ✧ SA/nim

Derivations

• At. nimbi “white” ✧ PE17/019
  • ✶ninkwi “white, pale”
  • √NIK(W) “(also of) snow, ice, snow, ice; *white” ✧ PE17/168
• ✶ninkwi “white, pale” ✧ PE17/168
  • √NIK(W) “(also of) snow, ice, snow, ice; *white” ✧ PE17/168
• S. nimp “pale, pallid, white, pale, pallid, white; small and frail, [ᴱN.] wan, sickly” ✧ SA/nim
  • √NIK(W) “(also of) snow, ice, snow, ice; *white” ✧ PE17/168
  • ✶nimpĭ “small” ✧ VT48/18
  • √NIP “small (usually with connotation of weakness)” ✧ VT48/18

Element in

• S. Barad Nimras “White Horn Tower” ✧ SA/nim
• S. Ered Nimrais “White Mountains, (lit.) White-horns Mountains” ✧ SA/nim
• S. Nimbrethil “Silver-birches” ✧ PE17/019; PE17/019; SA/nim
• S. Nimloth “White Blossom, Pale Blossom” ✧ SA/nim
• S. Nimras “White Horn” ✧ PE17/168
• S. Nimrodel “Lady of the White Cave”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
At. nimbi > nim	[nimbi] > [nimbe] > [nimb] > [nimm] > [nimm] > [nim]	✧ PE17/019

fain

noun/adjective. white

fain

noun/adjective. cloud

glân

adjective. white, [bright shining] white; [N.] clear; [G.] pure, †bright; [ᴱN.] clean

Derivations

• ᴹ√GALAN “bright”

Element in

• S. Curunír ’Lân “Saruman the White” ✧ UT/390

malu

adjective. fallow, pale

nim

white

_adj. _white. >> Nimbrethil

nim

white

_adj. _white (usual word). >> nimp, nimras

nimp

adjective. pale

adj. pale, pallid. nimp << nim (PE17:168). >> niphred

silivren

adjective. (white) glittering

uilos

noun/adjective. always white, ever white as snow

uilos

noun/adjective. a small white everlasting flower also called simbelmynë or "evermind"

baran

yellow brown

(swart, dark brown, golden-brown), pl. berain.

elu

pale blue

(analogical pl. ely). Archaic elw (pl. ilw?).

faen

white

(radiant). No distinct pl. form.

fain

white

; no distinct pl. form.

gael

pale

(glittering), lenited ’ael; no distinct pl. form.

gloss

white as snow, dazzling white

(in compounds -los), lenited ’loss; pl. glyss.

glân

white

1) glân (clear), lenited lân, pl. glain. (UT:390, VT45:13). Note: a homophone means ”hem, border”. 2) nimp (nim-) (pale); no distinct pl. form. 3) faen (radiant). No distinct pl. form. 4) fain; no distinct pl. form.

glân

white

(clear), lenited ’lân, pl. glain. (UT:390, VT45:13). Note: a homophone means ”hem, border”.

gwind

pale blue

(lenited ’wind; no distinct pl. form).

maidh

pale

1) maidh (lenited vaidh; no distinct pl. form) (fallow, fawn), 2) nimp (nim-) (white); no distinct pl. form, 3) thind (grey); no distinct pl. form; 4) gael (glittering), lenited ael; no distinct pl. form. 5) *malu (lenited valu; analogical pl. mely; lenited valu) (fallow). Cited in archaic form malw (LR:386 s.v. SMAL).

maidh

pale

(lenited vaidh; no distinct pl. form) (fallow, fawn)

maidh

fallow

(lenited vaidh; no distinct pl. form) (pale, fawn)

malen

yellow

malen (lenited valen; pl. melin).

malen

yellow

(lenited valen; pl. melin).

malu

pale

(lenited valu; analogical pl. mely; lenited valu) (fallow). Cited in archaic form malw (LR:386 s.v. SMAL).

malu

fallow

1) *malu (lenited valu; analogical pl. mely) (pale). Cited in archaic form malw (LR:386 s.v. SMAL). 2) maidh (lenited vaidh; no distinct pl. form) (pale, fawn)

malu

fallow

(lenited valu; analogical pl. mely) (pale). Cited in archaic form malw (LR:386 s.v. SMAL).

mith

pale grey

(lenited vith; no distinct pl. form). David Salo would read mîth with a long vowel. Note: a homophone means ”white fog, wet mist”.

mâl

yellow powder

(i vâl; construct mal) (pollen), pl. mail or archaic mely (i mail, i mely). Older pl. meil (LR:386 s.v. SMAL).

nimp

white

(nim-) (pale); no distinct pl. form.

nimp

pale

(nim-) (white); no distinct pl. form

silivren

glittering white

(lenited hilivren; pl. *silivrin**). *Verb

thind

pale

(grey); no distinct pl. form

nimbi

adjective. white

Derivations

• At. nimbi “white”
  • ✶ninkwi “white, pale”
  • √NIK(W) “(also of) snow, ice, snow, ice; *white” ✧ PE17/168

nimbi

adjective. white

About Nimrodel: "Nim is evidently the Telerin word nimbi 'white'." >> Nimrais >> Nimrodel

tulka

adjective. yellow

Derivations

• Val. tuluk-ha(n) “yellow” ✧ WJ/399

lygn

adjective. pale

Primitive form given as lugni "blue", sc. the stem LUG1 (LR:370, not defined) with an ending -ni not otherwise attested, though -i is an ending found on many primitive colour-adjectives. The ending _-i _causes umlaut u > y; compare yrc as the plural of urc "Orc". That a short original final -i is capable of causing such an umlaut at the Common Eldarin stage is somewhat surprising, since Primitive Quendian lugni should have become *lugne at this stage, and final e would hardly cause umlaut. Perhaps we are to understand that the change of final i to Common Eldarin e happened relatively late, after the Eldar had crossed the Hihtaeglir and parted with the Nandor?

wan

root. WAN

(g)wan

root. pale, fair

A root appearing several times in notes written on or shortly before 1960 with a general meaning “pale, fair” (PE17/150, 154, 165, 189; WJ/383), as opposed to √BAN which was simply “beautiful”. It seems Tolkien introduced this root when he realized that “VAN cannot only = fair (blonde), since vanima is applied in LR to Arwen who was like Lúthien dark” (PE17/165). In the Quendi and Eldar essay from 1959-60 he used this root for a new etymology for the tribal name of the Vanyar referring to their fair, blond hair.

This root appeared as √GWAN, √WAN and √GWAY, though the note where the last of these appeared was marked through (PE17/154). With √GWAN the root would merge with √BAN in both Quenya and Sindarin: Q. vanya and S. bain “fair and beautiful” (PE17/154). But with √WAN the two would remain distinct in Sindarin, as in bain “beautiful” vs. gwain “fair haired” (PE17/150). I find the second paradigm more interesting, and thus recommend assuming the ancient root was √WAN for the purposes of Neo-Eldarin.

This root might be a restoration of an earlier separation of ᴱ√ɃANA versus ᴱ√WANA in the Elvish languages as Tolkien conceived of them in the 1910s, though the semantic divisions in the earlier conception were not the same. See the entry on √BAN for further discussion.

Derivatives

• ✶wanya “fair-haired (yellow to golden)” ✧ PE17/150
  • Q. vanya “fair, beautiful, unmarred; fair-haired (yellow to golden), fair, beautiful, unmarred; fair-haired (yellow to golden); [ᴱQ.] good (not evil), holy” ✧ PE17/150; PE17/150
  • S. gwain “blond” ✧ PE17/150
• ✶wanyā “fair” ✧ WJ/383
  • Q. Vanya “Fair Elves, the Fair” ✧ WJ/380; WJ/383
  • T. Vania “Vanya” ✧ WJ/383
• ᴺQ. vaina “blonde, fair of hair”
• Q. Vána “Ever-young, *(lit.) Beauty” ✧ WJ/383
• Q. vanya “fair, beautiful, unmarred; fair-haired (yellow to golden), fair, beautiful, unmarred; fair-haired (yellow to golden); [ᴱQ.] good (not evil), holy” ✧ PE17/154; PE17/165
• S. bain “fair, beautiful; good, wholesome, favorable; fair-haired, beautiful; good, wholesome, favorable; fair, fair-haired” ✧ PE17/154
• S. gwân “pale, fair” ✧ PE17/165

Variations

• WAN ✧ PE17/150; PE17/189; WJ/383
• GWAN ✧ PE17/154 (GWAN); PE17/154; PE17/165 (GWAN)

gwaun

noun. goose

A noun for “goose” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from primitive ᴹ✶wān under the root ᴹ√WĀ “blow” (Ety/WĀ), where ancient ā became au. It had a Noldorin plural form of guin, but if adapted to (Neo) Sindarin its plural would be gwoen: compare Sindarin plural S. noeg of naug “dwarf” (UT/100) vs. its Noldorin plural N. nuig (EtyAC/NAUK).

Cognates

• ᴹQ. ván “goose” ✧ Ety/WA-N

Derivations

• ᴹ✶wān “goose” ✧ Ety/WA-N
  • ᴹ√WĀ “blow”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶WĀ-N > gwaun	[wān] > [wǭn] > [woun] > [gwoun] > [gwaun]	✧ Ety/WA-N
ᴹ✶WĀ-N > guin	[wāni] > [wǭni] > [wouni] > [gwouni] > [gwauni] > [gwuin] > [guin]	✧ Ety/WA-N

gwaun

noun. goose

gwanna-

verb. to depart, die

malen

adjective. yellow, yellow, [ᴱN.] yellowish, pale, wan, sickly

Cognates

• ᴹQ. malina “yellow” ✧ Ety/SMAL

Derivations

• On. malina “yellow” ✧ Ety/SMAL
  • ᴹ✶smalinā “yellow” ✧ Ety/SMAL
  • ᴹ√SMAL “yellow” ✧ Ety/SMAL

Element in

• ᴺS. melillin “daffodil, (orig.) yellow song”
• ᴺS. melingarn “orange, tawny”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
On. malina > malen	[m̥alina] > [m̥alena] > [m̥alen] > [malen]	✧ Ety/SMAL
On. malina > melin	[m̥alini] > [m̥elini] > [m̥elin] > [melin]	✧ Ety/SMAL

hmalw

adjective. fallow, pale

Changes

• malw → hmalw “fallow, pale” ✧ EtyAC/SMAL

Cognates

• ᴹQ. malwa “fallow, pale, fallow, pale, [ᴱQ.] yellowish, *wan” ✧ Ety/SMAL

Derivations

• ᴹ✶smalwā “fallow, pale” ✧ Ety/SMAL
  • ᴹ√SMAL “yellow” ✧ Ety/SMAL

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ✶smalwā > hmalw	[smalwā] > [smalwa] > [m̥alwa] > [m̥alw] > [m̥alu]	✧ Ety/SMAL

Variations

• malw ✧ Ety/SMAL

brassen

adjective. white-hot

fein

noun/adjective. white

fein

noun/adjective. cloud

gael

adjective. pale, glimmering

maidh

adjective. pale, fallow, fawn

malen

adjective. yellow

malw

adjective. fallow, pale

meidh

adjective. pale, fallow, fawn

nim-

adjective. pale, white

nimp

adjective. pale, white

nimp

adjective. pale

Cognates

• ᴹQ. ninqe “white” ✧ Ety/NIK-W

Derivations

• ᴹ√NIK(W) “*snow; white” ✧ Ety/NIK-W

Element in

• N. Ered Nimras “White Mountains”
• N. Ered Nimrath “White Mountains”
• N. Ephel Nimrais
• N. Nimbrethil
• N. Nimloth “Pale Blossom”
• N. nimmid(a)- “to whiten” ✧ Ety/NIK-W
• N. Nimdil “White Horn”
• N. nínim “snowdrop”

Phonetic Developments

Development	Stages	Sources
ᴹ√NIK-W > nimp	[niŋkwi] > [niŋkwe] > [nimpe] > [nimpʰe] > [nimɸe] > [nimfe] > [nimf] > [nimp] > [nimp]	✧ Ety/NIK-W