Primitive elvish

root. labour, be afflicted

This root first appeared as unglossed ᴹ√ in The Etymologies of the 1930s with derivatives like ᴹQ. mól/N. mûl “slave, thrall” and ᴹQ. móta-/N. muda- “labour, toil” (Ety/MŌ). The root √ was mentioned again in notes associated with 1950s Quenya prayers, where it was glossed “labour, be afflicted” along with verb Q. moia- of similar meaning and noun (Q. or primitive) mōl “slave” < mō-l; Tolkien went on to suggest √mol might be a better root, though he marked it with a “?” (VT43/31).

In notes on “large vs. small” from 1968 Tolkien had (root or verb?) mol- “labour” and (noun?) mōle, followed by MBOL/BOL with derivative Q. molda “big, large”, but this note was crossed through and √(M)BOL “✱large” did not appear in the next list of the large/small roots (PE17/115). Thus I think √MO(L) reverted back to the meaning “labour”.

Derivatives

  • mōl “slave, slave, [ᴹ✶] thrall” ✧ VT43/31
    • Q. mól “slave, slave, [ᴹQ.] thrall” ✧ VT43/31
  • mōya- “to toil, labour, be afflicted” ✧ VT43/31
    • Q. moia- “to labour, be afflicted, to be afflicted, *be laboured; to labour” ✧ VT43/31
  • Q. moia- “to labour, be afflicted, to be afflicted, *be laboured; to labour” ✧ PE17/115
  • Q. molda “big, large” ✧ PE17/115
  • ᴺQ. mólë “labour, work”
  • Q. mólë “*labour, work” ✧ PE17/115
  • Q. móna “*womb”
  • ᴺS. ammuia- “to work (hard) for, to earn”
  • ᴺS. mûn “womb”

Element in

  • ᴺQ. omolmë “company, business, enterprise, firm”

Variations

  • MBOL ✧ PE17/115 (MBOL); PE17/165 (MBOL)
  • BOL ✧ PE17/115 (BOL); PE17/150; PE17/165 (BOL)
  • ✧ VT43/31
Primitive elvish [PE17/115; PE17/150; PE17/165; VT43/31] Group: Eldamo. Published by

noun. person

Derivatives

  • Q. mo “one, anyone, someone, somebody”

Element in

Primitive elvish [VT47/35] Group: Eldamo. Published by

(m)bol

root. *labour

noun. hand

Derivations

  • maha “hand, the manager” ✧ PE19/074; PE19/102; VT47/06; VT47/07; VT47/35
    • MAH “handle, manage, control, wield; serve, be of use, handle, manage, control, wield; serve, be of use; [ᴹ√] hand; [ᴱ√] grasp” ✧ VT47/18; VT47/18
    • MAG “good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state, good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state; [ᴹ√] use, handle” ✧ VT47/18
  • MAH “handle, manage, control, wield; serve, be of use, handle, manage, control, wield; serve, be of use; [ᴹ√] hand; [ᴱ√] grasp” ✧ PE21/70
  • MAG “good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state, good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state; [ᴹ√] use, handle” ✧ VT47/18

Derivatives

  • Q. “hand” ✧ PE19/102; VT47/06
  • S. maw “hand” ✧ VT47/06
  • T. “hand” ✧ VT47/06

Element in

  • makwā “a hand-full, complete hand with all five fingers” ✧ VT47/07
  • mā-limi “wrist, (lit.) hand-link” ✧ VT47/06

Phonetic Developments

DevelopmentStagesSources
maʒa > [maɣa] > [mā]✧ VT47/06

Variations

  • māh ✧ PE19/102
  • ✧ VT47/18; VT47/34 ()
Primitive elvish [PE19/074; PE19/102; PE21/70; VT47/06; VT47/07; VT47/18; VT47/34; VT47/35] Group: Eldamo. Published by

imin

masculine name. One

Element in

Primitive elvish [NM/055; NM/060; WJ/380; WJ/421; WJI/Imin] Group: Eldamo. Published by

min

cardinal. one

Derivations

  • MIN “one, first of a series, one, first of a series; [ᴹ√] stand alone, stick out”

Derivatives

  • Q. min “one, one, [ᴱQ.] one (in a series), the first”

Element in

Variations

  • Min ✧ NM/060
Primitive elvish [NM/060; WJ/421] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ndorē

noun. land

Derivations

  • NDOR “land; hard, firm; [ᴹ√] dwell, stay, rest, abide” ✧ PE17/106; PE17/107
    • DOR “hard, tough, dried up, unyielding”
  • DOR “hard, tough, dried up, unyielding” ✧ WJ/413

Derivatives

  • Q. -ndor “land, country” ✧ SA/dôr
  • Q. nór “land” ✧ PE17/106; PE17/107
  • Q. nórë “land, country; †people, race, tribe, land, country, [ᴹQ.] region where certain people live, [ᴱQ.] nation; [Q.] †people, race, tribe, [ᴹQ.] folk, [ᴱQ.] family” ✧ PE19/076
  • S. dôr “land, land, [N.] region where certain people live, [ᴱN.] country; [G.] people of the land” ✧ PE17/164; SA/dôr; WJ/413

Element in

  • etlā-ndŏrē “Eglador” ✧ VT42/04; VT42/04
  • mbar-ndor “home land, native land” ✧ PE17/164
  • Q. Endórë “Middle-earth, (lit.) Middle Land” ✧ Let/384
  • Q. Valandor “Land of the Valar” ✧ WJ/413
  • S. Ennor “Middle-earth” ✧ Let/384
  • S. Eriador “Lonely Land” ✧ VT42/04
  • S. Thonador ✧ VT42/04

Variations

  • (n)dor ✧ Let/384
  • ndōr ✧ PE17/106
  • NDŌR/NDŎR- ✧ PE17/107
  • ndor ✧ PE17/164; SA/dôr
  • ndōrē ✧ PE19/076; VT42/04
Primitive elvish [Let/384; PE17/106; PE17/107; PE17/164; PE19/076; SA/dôr; VT42/04; WJ/413] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ndōro

noun. land

Derivations

  • DOR “hard, tough, dried up, unyielding” ✧ WJ/413

Derivatives

  • Q. nór “land” ✧ WJ/413
Primitive elvish [WJ/413] Group: Eldamo. Published by