en (3) particle that may be inserted before a past tense form to indicate that it refers to a remote past (VT45:12), apparently twice attested in Fíriel's Song (LR:72), e.g. en cárë ("k") "made" (long ago). This particle may have been obsoleted by en "still" from a later source.
Quenya
en
still
en
made
en
there, look! yon (yonder)
en (1) interjection "there, look! yon (yonder)" (EN, VT45:12)
en
particle. in that (future) case; then, soon
en
adverb. then soon, (then) soon, [ᴹQ.] in that (future) case; there, yonder; look yon(der); far away; that, [ᴱQ.] that by you; thereupon
Derivations
Element in
- ᴺQ. enar “tomorrow”
- ᴺQ. ener(a) “on, onward, further”
- Q. en i matinye “I shall eat then soon” ✧ PE22/131
Variations
- enya ✧ PE22/131 (enya)
en-
verb. again-
en- (4) prefix "again-", "re-" (PE17:68), in enquantuva "shall refill", entuluva, "shall come again", Envinyatar "Renewer", envinyanta "healed, *renewed", enyalië "to recall" (Nam, RGEO:67, LotR3:V ch. 8, VT41:16, MR:405, UT:317; as for the etymology of en-, see comments on Common Eldarin base EN "again, once more" in VT48:25)
-ien
suffix. -land
Element in
Variations
- -ien ✧ PE17/071 (-ien)
enda
heart
enda noun "heart", but not referring to the physical organ; it literally means "centre" (cf. endë) and refers to the fëa (soul) or sáma (mind) itself. (VT39:32)
ento
next
ento adv. "next" (Arct)
enya
adverb. then soon
elwen
heart
elwen noun "heart" (LT1:255; rather hón or enda in LotR-style Quenya)
en(a)
adverb. still
@@@ is more frequently used to refer to future, not past
Derivations
- √EN “again, once more, go on doing; further, beyond, again, once more, go on doing; further, beyond; [ᴹ√] yonder, over there” ✧ PE17/167
Element in
- Q. quetir en “they still say” ✧ PE17/167
Phonetic Developments
Development Stages Sources √EN > ena [ena] ✧ PE17/167 Variations
- en ✧ PE17/167
- ena ✧ PE17/167
an-
re
an- (3) prefix "re" in antúlien, q.v. (LotR-style Quenya shows en- instead.)
es
the eagles of the lords are at hand
es unidentified word in the phrase es sorni heruion an! "the Eagles of the Lords are at hand" (SD:290); possibly an assimilated form of en, that may function as a kind of deitic particle here: *"Behold the Eagles..."
in
the
i (1) "the", indeclinable definite article (I, Nam, RGEO:67, Markirya, WJ:369, WJ:398, MC:215, 216, 221). A variant in (q.v.) is also attested. Hyphenated i- in i-mar "the earth" (FS), i-Ciryamo "the mariner's" (UT:8), i-aldar "the trees" (Narqelion), attached with a dot in i·yulmar "the cups" (VT48:11), I·Eldanyárë "the History of the Elves" (LR:199), i·arya *"the best" (PE17:57), directly prefixed with no hyphen or dot in icilyanna = i cilyanna in SD:247, also ihyarma "the left hand" in VT49:22 (but i hyarma in other versions of the same text).
in
article. the
ne
that
ne (2) conj. "that" (as in "I know that you are here") (PE14:54), evidently replaced by i in Tolkiens later Quenya (see i #3).
re
re
[re, possibly a 3rd person singular emphatic pronoun, struck out by Tolkien (VT49:49)]
-on
name
-on gen.pl. ending (3O), in aldaron, aranion, elenion, Eldaron, #esseron, Ingweron, Istarion, Númevalion, Quendion, Silmarillion, Sindaron, tasarion (see Nan-Tasarion), Valion, wenderon, yénion. Normally the ending -on is added to the nominative plural, whether it ends in -i or -r, but some nouns in -ë that would have nominative plurals in -i seem to prefer the ending -ron in the genitive (hence #esseron as the gen. pl. of essë "name", though the nominative pl. is attested as essi and we might have expected the gen. pl. *ession; similarly wenderon, Ingweron).
i
article. the
Cognates
- S. i “the” ✧ PE17/066
Element in
- Q. aiya Eldalië ar Atanatári, utúlie’n aurë “Behold, people of the Eldar and Fathers of Men, the day has come!” ✧ S/190; WJ/166
- Q. alcar i Ataren ar i Yondon ar i Airefëan “glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit” ✧ VT43/37; VT43/37; VT43/37
- Q. ar aistana i yávë mónalyo Yésus “and blessed is the fruit of thy womb Jesus” ✧ VT43/31
- Q. ar ámen apsenë úcaremmar “and forgive us our trespasses” ✧ VT43/19
- Q. ar i Eru i or ilyë mahalmar ëa tennoio “and of the One who is above all thrones for ever” ✧ UT/305
- Q. ar mi cemen rainë i hínin “and on earth peace, good will toward men” ✧ VT44/35; VT44/35
- Q. á sac’ i fendë, mecin “close the door, please” ✧ PE22/166
- Q. auta i lómë “The night is passing!” ✧ S/190; WJ/166
- Q. caitas lá i sír “it is beyond the river” ✧ PE17/065
- Q. caitas palla i sír “it is far beyond the river” ✧ PE17/065
- Q. eldar ataformaiti “the Elves were ambidexters” ✧ VT49/08
- Q. epetai i hyarma ú ten ulca símaryassen “consequently the left hand was not to them evil in their imaginations” ✧ VT49/12
- Q. et i péti “*out of the lips, out of the mouth” ✧ VT47/35
- Q. Heru Imillion “Lord of the Rings” ✧ DTS/54
- Q. i arani Eldaive “The kings of the Eldar” ✧ WJ/369
- Q. i arani Eldaron “The kings of the Eldar” ✧ WJ/369
- Q. i Equessi Rúmilo “The Sayings of Rúmil” ✧ WJ/398
- Q. i fairi nécë “the pale phantoms” ✧ MC/221; MC/222
- Q. i falmalinnar imbë met “on the foaming waves between us” ✧ LotR/0377; PE17/127; RGEO/58
- Q. an i falmalī “*on the foaming waves” ✧ PE17/127
- Q. i falmalinnar imbë met “upon the (many) foaming waves between us (two)” ✧ RGEO/59
- Q. i Héru aselyë “the Lord is with thee” ✧ VT43/29
- Q. i hyarma tentanë Melcorello “the left hand pointed away from Melkor” ✧ VT49/22
- Q. Indis i·Ciryamo “The Mariner’s Wife” ✧ UT/008
- Q. Ingoldo “The Noldo” ✧ PE19/076
- Q. i roccor rindi “the horses are swift” ✧ PE21/77
- Q. i Tumbo Tarmacorto “the Vale of the High Mountain Circle” ✧ NM/351
- Q. i Túrin i Cormaron “the Lord of the Rings” ✧ Minor-Doc/1973-05-30; Minor-Doc/1973-05-30
- Q. i tyulma ciryava “the mast of the ship” ✧ PE21/80
- Q. i·oromandi tanna lendë “*the wood-spirits came thither” ✧ PE16/096
- Q. lan i Valaron arcanwar tauvar “*while the thrones of the Valar endure” ✧ PE22/147
- Q. lendes lann’ i sír “he came (to a point) beyond the river” ✧ PE17/065
- Q. lendes pallan(na) i sír “he came (to a point) far beyond the river” ✧ PE17/065
- Q. mana i coimas Eldaron? “What is the ‘coimas’ of the Eldar?” ✧ PM/395
- Q. mana i·coimas in·Eldaron? “What is the ‘coimas’ of the Eldar?” ✧ PM/403; PM/403
- Q. ma Varda enquantuva i yulma nin sí “will Varda now refill the cup for me?” ✧ PE22/161
- Q. lissë miruvóreva mí oromardi “of sweet nectar in the high-halls”
- Q. lírinen ómo i·aire tário “by the song of the voice of the holy queen” ✧ PE17/076
- Q. lírinen ómo i·aire táríva “by the song of the voice of the holy queen” ✧ PE17/076
- Q. Quennar Onótimo ✧ MR/049
- Q. roccor i Erulingaron márë nár (ma naitë)? “the horses of the Rohirrim are good (are they not, lit. is it true)” ✧ PE22/166
- Q. násië “now and at the hour of our death: Amen” ✧ VT43/35
- Q. sí man i yulma nin enquantuva? “who now shall refill the cup for me?” ✧ LotR/0377; RGEO/58
- Q. sí man i yulma nin enquantuva? “now who the cup for me will refill?” ✧ RGEO/59
- Q. sí man i yulmar men enquantuva? “*who now shall refill the cups for us?” ✧ Minor-Doc/2013-05-13
- Q. sí man i yulmar n(g)wen enquantuva “*who now will refill the cups for us (dual)” ✧ VT21/06
- Q. Sindar i Eldar Malariando “Grey are the Elves of Beleriand” ✧ PE21/77; PE21/77
- Q. sínen i·anda nyarnë metta ar taina andaurenya na quanta “*with this the long tale ends and my extended long day is complete” ✧ Minor-Doc/1955-CT
- Q. sustanë Manwëo súlë ten i indo Sindicollo ar he lastanë ar carnes “*the spirit of Manwe blew unto the heart of Thingol and he listened and did it” ✧ NM/239
- Q. tambë engë i et... “as it was [in] the [beginning]...” ✧ VT43/38
- Q. tyulma i ciryo “the mast of the ship” ✧ PE21/80
- Q. utúlie’n aurë “The day has come!” ✧ S/190; WJ/166
- Q. yan i wilyar antar miquelis “*to whom the air gives kisses” ✧ PE16/096
- Q. yassen tintilar i eleni “wherein the stars tremble” ✧ LotR/0377; RGEO/58
- Q. yassen tintilar i eleni “in which twinkle the stars” ✧ RGEO/59
Variations
- i ✧ DTS/54; LotR/0377; LotR/0377; LotR/0377; MC/221; MC/222; Minor-Doc/1955-CT; Minor-Doc/1973-05-30; Minor-Doc/2013-05-13; MR/049; NM/239; NM/351; PE16/096; PE17/013 (i); PE17/065; PE17/066; PE17/068; PE17/127; PE17/127; PE19/076; PE21/77; PE21/80; PE22/147; PE22/161; PE22/166; RGEO/58; RGEO/58; RGEO/58; RGEO/59; RGEO/59; RGEO/59; S/190; UT/305; UT/317; VT21/06; VT43/19; VT43/29; VT43/31; VT43/35; VT43/37; VT43/37; VT43/37; VT43/38; VT44/35; VT47/35; VT49/08; VT49/12; VT49/22; WJ/166; WJ/369; WJ/369
- in ✧ NM/240 (
in)- I ✧ PE16/096; WJ/398
- i· ✧ PE17/076; PM/395; PM/403; UT/008
- in· ✧ PM/403
nan
adverb. again
carina
participle. made
esse
noun. name
essë
name
essë (1) noun "name", also later name of Tengwa #31, originally (MET) called árë (ázë). (Appendix E). With a pronominal ending esselya "thy name" (VT43:14). Pl. #essi in PM:339 and MR:470, gen.pl. #esseron "of names" in the compound Nómesseron (q.v.); we would rather have expected *ession, given the nom.pl. essi; perhaps #esser is a valid alternative plural form. Essecarmë noun "name-making" (MR:214, 470), Eldarin ceremony where the father announces the name of his child. Essecenta *("k") noun "Name-essay" (see centa) (MR:415); Essecilmë noun "name-choosing", an Eldarin ceremony where a child named him- or herself according to personal lámatyávë (q.v.) (MR:214, 471). The meaning Tolkien originally assigned to the word essë** in the Etymologies was "place" rather than "name" (VT45:12).
essë
noun. name
Cognates
- ᴺS. ess “name”
Derivations
- ᴹ√ES “indicate, name”
Element in
- Q. amilessë “mother-name”
- Q. anessë “given (or added) name, nickname, surname” ✧ MR/216
- Q. cilmessë “self-name”
- Q. epessë “after-name”
- Q. Essecarmë “Name-making” ✧ MR/470
- Q. Essecenta Eldarinwa “Enquiry (into the origins) of the Elvish names” ✧ WJ/359
- Q. Essecilmë “Name-choosing” ✧ MR/470
- Q. na airë esselya “hallowed be thy name” ✧ VT43/14
- Q. nómessë “place-name” ✧ VT42/17
- Q. notessë “numeral”
- ᴺQ. tengessë “address, (lit.) indication-name”
Variations
- esse ✧ LotR/1123
- essë ✧ MR/470
- Esse ✧ WJ/359
esta-
verb. name
hón
heart
hón noun "heart" (physical) (KHŌ-N); hon-maren "heart of the house", a fire (LR:63, 73; this is "Qenya" with genitive in -en, not -o as in LotR-style Quenya read *hon-maro?)
ia
ever
[ia adv. "ever" (GEY, EY); replaced by oia.]
indo
heart, mood
indo (1) noun "heart, mood" (ID), "state" (perhaps especially state of mind, given the other glosses) (VT39:23), "mind, region/range of thought, mood" (PE17:155, 179), "inner thought, in fea as exhibited in character or [?personality]" (PE17:189). In another post-LotR source, indo is translated "resolve" or "will", the state of mind leading directly to action (VT41:13). Indo is thus "the mind in its purposing faculty, the will" (VT41:17). Indo-ninya,a word occurring in Fíriels Song, translated "my heart" (see ninya). In the compound indemma "mind-picture", the first element would seem to be indo.
oi
ever
oi adv. "ever" (OY)
sana
that
sanda
name
[sanda, sandë] (þ) (2) noun "name" (VT46:16)
sanya
name
[sanya] (þ) (2) noun ?"name" (reading of gloss uncertain, VT46:16)
tana
that
tana (1) demonstrative "that" (said to be "anaphoric") (TA). According to VT49:11, tana is the adjective corresponding to ta, "that" as a pronoun.
tana
that
Element in
- Q. tambë “*as, so”
Elements
Word Gloss ta “that, there, that, there, [ᴹQ.] it” Variations
- tănā ✧ VT49/11
vor
ever
vor, voro adv. "ever" (BOR, LT1:250, 273 [only voro_ in the Etymologies]; also in Narqelion)_
yana
that
yana demonstrative "that" (the former) (YA)
órë
heart
órë (1) noun "heart" (inner mind), also name of tengwa #21 (Appendix E), "premonition" (VT41:13), "nearest equivalent of 'heart' in our application to feelings, or emotions (courage, fear, hope, pity, etc.)" (VT41:13). The órë apparently defines a person's personality, cf. the description of Galadriel in PM:337, that "there dwelt in her the noble and generous spirit (órë) of the Vanyar". Órenya "my heart" (VT41:11).
úlumë
ever
úlumë adv. "ever", at all times (in a series or period) (PE17:156). Cf. ullumë.
ata
again
ata adv. "again", also prefix ata-, at- "back, again, re-; second time, double" (AT(AT), PE17:166, cf. ataquanta-, ataquetië) or "two" (PE17:166), also "ambi-" as in ataformaitë, q.v.
hinna
adverb. still
sanomë
there
sanomë adv. "there" (PE17:71). Cf. sinomë, tanomë.
sanomë
adverb. there
ta
there
ta (5) adv. "there" (VT49:33; this may be an Elvish root or "element" rather than a Quenya word; see tanomë; see however also tar, tara, tanna under ta #1).
tanya
that
tanya demonstrative "that" (MC:215; this is "Qenya", perhaps corresponding to later tana)
tasse
there
tassë
there
tassë adv. "there" (VT49:11), short form tás. These seem to be properly locative forms of ta "that, it", hence "in that [place]". Compare allative tanna "thither" and ablative talo "thence".
tassë
adverb. there
Element in
- Q. tas cennen nótimë eldali “I saw a few elves there” ✧ PE22/155
Variations
- tas ✧ PE22/155
- tās ✧ VT49/11
- tasse ✧ VT49/11
tás
there
tás adv. "there" (VT49:11); also tassë, q.v.
tás
adverb. there
canta-
verb. ?
Derivations
- √KAN “cry aloud; (Q. only) command; lead, rule, cry aloud; (Q. only) command; lead, rule; [ᴹ√] dare”
quanta-
fill
quanta- (2) vb. "fill" (PE17:68), cf. enquantuva "will refill" in Namárië. This verb seems to spring from a secondary use of the adjective quanta "full" as a verbal stem, whereas the synonym quat- (q.v.) is the original primary verb representing the basic root KWAT.
voro
ever, continually
voro, voro- adv. "ever, continually" (BOR, Narqelion) Compare vor. (Focusing on the gloss "continually", post-Tolkien writers have sometimes used voro for "still, yet", but for this sense the term en is available.) The variants vora, vorë were used for "always" in drafts for a Quenya version of the Sub Tuum Praesidium, but Tolkien eventually replaced such forms with the unrelated word illumë (VT44:9). Compare vórë, vórëa.
i, antevokaliskt in
conjunction. that
savin elessar ar <u>i</u> nánë aran ondórëo
that
i (3) conj. "that". Savin Elessar ar i nánë aran Ondórëo "I believe that Elessar really existed and that [he] was a king of Gondor" (VT49:27), savin…i E[lesarno] quetië naitë *"I believe that Elessars speaking [is] true" (VT49:28) Also cf. nai, nái "be it that" (see nai #1), which may seem to incorporate this conjunction.
-uva
fill
-uva future tense ending. In avuva, caluva, cenuva, hiruva, (en)quantuva, (en)tuluva, laituvalmet, lauva, maruvan, termaruva, tiruvantes. A final -a drops out before the ending -uva is added: quanta- "fill", future tense quantuva (PE17:68). A verbal stem in -av- may be contracted when -uva follows, as when avuva is stated to have become auva (VT49:13). Origin/etymology of the ending -uva, see VT48:32. In VT49:30, the future tense of the verb "to be" is given as uva, apparently the future-tense "ending" appearing independently, but several other sources rather give nauva for "will be" (see ná #1).
i
pronoun. that
quat-
fill
quat- vb. "fill" (WJ:392), future #quantuva "shall fill" (enquantuva "shall refill") (Nam, RGEO:67) Irrespective of the prefix en- "re", the form enquatuva (VT48:11) displays the expected future tense of quat-. The Namárië form enquantuva seems to include a nasal infix as well, which is possibly an optional feature of the future tense. On the other hand, PE17:68 cites the verb as quanta- rather than quat-, and then the future-tense form quantuva would be straightforward.
sa
conjunction. that
sal-
verb. ?
ta
that, it
ta (1) pron. "that, it" (TA); compare antaróta** "he gave it" (FS); see anta-. The forms tar/tara/tanna "thither", talo/tó "thence" and tás/tassë* "there" are originally inflected forms of this pronoun: "to that", "from that" and "in that" (place), respectively. Compare "there" as one gloss of ta (see #4).
en (2), also ena, adv. "still"; quetir en "they still say" (PE17:167)