Sindarin 

vi

preposition. in

Sindarin [VT/44:21,27] Group: SINDICT. Published by

vi

preposition. in

Tinnúviel

noun. nightingale

nightingale

Sindarin [PE 19:73] Group: Mellonath Daeron. Published by

rhavan

noun. wild man

Sindarin [WJ/219] Group: SINDICT. Published by

silivren

adjective. (white) glittering

Sindarin [LotR/II:I, RGEO/72] silif+-ren. Group: SINDICT. Published by

vín

our

vín; see WE

vi

in

(prep.) 1) vi (VT44:23), with article vin; 2) ne, ned (used of time in the source), possibly followed by hard mutation (SD:129); 3) , unstressed di (beneath, under) (VT45:37). Note: a homophone means ”bride, lady”.

vi

in

(VT44:23), with article vin

vín

our

; see

achared

noun. vengeance

_n. _vengeance.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:167] < AK of hostile return. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

acharn

noun. vengeance

n. (an act of) vengeance.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:167] < AK of hostile return. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

lhoer

noun. venom

n. venom, poison(ousness). Q. hloire.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:185] < SLOY. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

achared

noun. vengeance

Sindarin [PE17/167] Group: Eldamo. Published by

rond

noun. vaulted or arched roof, as seen from below (and usually not visible from outside), or a (large) hall of chamber so roofed

Sindarin [Ety/384, VT/46:12, S/437, WJ/414, X/RH, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

acharn

noun. vengeance

Sindarin [WJ/254, WJ/301] OS *akkʰarna, CE *atkarnâ "reaction". Group: SINDICT. Published by

esgal

noun. veil, screen, cover that hides

Sindarin [S/431] Group: SINDICT. Published by

fân

noun. veil

Sindarin [RGEO/74] Q fana. Group: SINDICT. Published by

gorn

noun. valor

Sindarin [Aragorn PM/xii] Group: SINDICT. Published by

herves

wife

1) herves (i cherves, o cherves), pl. hervis (i chervis), coll. pl. hervessath, 2) archaic bess (i vess, construct bes) (woman), pl. biss (i miss). The word bess was later used = ”woman” (in general).

ovor

abundant

ovor (analogical pl. evyr, for archaic övyr)

galvorn

black metal

(i ’alvorn), pl. gelvyrn (i ngelvyrn = i ñelvyrn) if there is a pl. (WJ:322). 2) donn (swart, swarty, shady, shadowy) (lenited dhonn, pl. dynn). (VT45:11). Also dunn- in compounds.

herves

wife

(i cherves, o cherves), pl. hervis (i chervis), coll. pl. hervessath

ovor

abundant

(analogical pl. evyr, for archaic övyr)

rhavan

wild man

(?i thravan or ?i ravanthe lenition product of rh is uncertain), pl. rhevain (?idh revain) (WJ:219). – The following terms apparently apply to ”men” of any speaking race:

silivren

glittering white

(lenited hilivren; pl. *silivrin**). *Verb

tinúviel

nightingale

(”daughter of twilight”, a poetic kenning) (i** dinúviel, o thinúviel), pl. ?tinúvil (i** thinúvil), coll. pl. tinúviellath** **(MR:373, WJ:62)

fanha-

verb. to veil

v. to veil, cloak. Q. fanta-. Naturally mainly used of veils cast over things that shone, or were brighter and more vivid.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:174] < *_phantā- _< PHAN cover, screen, veil. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

im

noun. dell, deep vale

This word only survived in compounds (due to the clash with im.1 )

Sindarin [imlad, imloth, imrath, imrad, VT/45:18, VT/47:14] Group: SINDICT. Published by

o

preposition. from, of (preposition (as a proclitic) used in either direction, from or to the point of view of the speaker)

According to WJ/366, the preposition "is normally o in all positions, though od appears occasionally before vowels, especially before o-". With a suffixed article, see also uin

Sindarin [Ety/360, WJ/366, WJ/369-70, LotR/II:IV, SD/129-3] Group: SINDICT. Published by

od

preposition. from, of (preposition (as a proclitic) used in either direction, from or to the point of view of the speaker)

According to WJ/366, the preposition "is normally o in all positions, though od appears occasionally before vowels, especially before o-". With a suffixed article, see also uin

Sindarin [Ety/360, WJ/366, WJ/369-70, LotR/II:IV, SD/129-3] Group: SINDICT. Published by

Gothmog

noun. tyrannous, oppressive fear

goth (“dread”) + (m-)baug (“tyrannous, cruel, oppressive”) [Etym. MBAW-] gives the original form as *Gothombauk-.

Sindarin [Tolkiendil] Group: Tolkiendil Compound Sindarin Names. Published by

feleg

noun. cave

n. cave, mine, underground dwelling. Q. felco. Q.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:118] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

laeg

adjective. "viridis", fresh and green

Seldom used (replaced by calen )

Sindarin [Letters/282, Letters/382] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ned

preposition. (uncertain meaning) in, of (about time, e.g. giving a date)

[Another possible interpretation: "another, one more" (related to Q. net(e)), VT/47:40]

Sindarin [SD/129-31] Group: SINDICT. Published by

roth

noun. cave

n. cave. Q. rondo.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:117] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

him

adverb/adjective. ever, ever, [N.] enduring, continually; steadfast, abiding

tûr

noun. master, [N.] mastery, victory, [ᴱN.] power [over others]; [S.] master

Sindarin [SA/amarth] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ui

adverb. ever

Menel

noun. sky, high heaven, firmament, the region of the stars

Sindarin [LotR/II:I, LotR/IV:X, LB/354, RGEO/72, VT/44:21,] Q menel. Group: SINDICT. Published by

adan

noun. man, one of the Second People (elvish name for men)

Sindarin [LotR/A(v), S/427, PM/324, WJ/387, Letters/282] Q. atan. Group: SINDICT. Published by

auth

noun. a dim shape, spectral or vague apparition

Sindarin [VT/42:9] Group: SINDICT. Published by

groth

noun. cave, tunnel, large excavation

Sindarin [WJ/415, S/431, VT/46:12] Group: SINDICT. Published by

groth

noun. delving, underground dwelling

Sindarin [WJ/415, S/431, VT/46:12] Group: SINDICT. Published by

mab-

noun. a hand-full, complete hand (with all five fingers)

Sindarin [Ety/371, VT/45:32, VT/47:6-7] Group: SINDICT. Published by

min-

preposition. (in) between (referring to a gap, space, barrier or anything intervening between two other things)

Sindarin [Minhiriath LotR/Map, VT/47:11,14] Group: SINDICT. Published by

mâb

noun. a hand-full, complete hand (with all five fingers)

Sindarin [Ety/371, VT/45:32, VT/47:6-7] Group: SINDICT. Published by

mîn

preposition. (in) between (referring to a gap, space, barrier or anything intervening between two other things)

Sindarin [Minhiriath LotR/Map, VT/47:11,14] Group: SINDICT. Published by

rond

noun. cave roof

Sindarin [Ety/384, VT/46:12, S/437, WJ/414, X/RH, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tirith

noun. watch, guard (abstract noun), vigilance

Sindarin [Ety/394, S/437, Letters/158, VT/42:11] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ú

prefix. no, not (negative prefix or particle)

Sindarin [WJ/369, LotR/A(v)] Group: SINDICT. Published by

aduial

noun. the evening, time of star-opening, "evendim"

Sindarin [LotR/D] ad + uial "second twilight". Group: SINDICT. Published by

aphadon

noun. man (elvish name for men)

Sindarin [WJ/387] Group: SINDICT. Published by

aphadrim

noun. followers, men (elvish name for men)

Sindarin [WJ/387] aphad-+rim. Group: SINDICT. Published by

bŷr

noun. follower, vassal

Sindarin [Ety/352, X/IU] Group: SINDICT. Published by

calph

noun. water-vessel

Sindarin [Ety/362, X/PH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

fân

noun. cloud (applied to clouds, floating as veils over the blue sky or the sun or moon, or resting on hills)

Sindarin [RGEO/74] Q fana. Group: SINDICT. Published by

heneb

adjective. of eye, eyed, having eyes

Sindarin [maecheneb "sharp-eyed", WJ/337] Group: SINDICT. Published by

noun. abyss, void

Sindarin [Ety/400, S/432, Letters/383] Group: SINDICT. Published by

na

preposition. with, by (also used as a genitive sign)

Sindarin [Ety/374, LotR/I:XII] Group: SINDICT. Published by

othlonn

noun. paved way

Sindarin [Ety/370, X/ND4] ost+lond. Group: SINDICT. Published by

ui-

prefix. ever

Sindarin [uidafnen, uilos (see these words)] Cognate of the quenya oi. Group: SINDICT. Published by

uilos

noun/adjective. always white, ever white as snow

Sindarin [RGEO/74, Letters/278, UT/55] ui- + loss "everlasting snow, ever (white as) snow. Group: SINDICT. Published by

uilos

noun/adjective. a small white everlasting flower also called simbelmynë or "evermind"

Sindarin [RGEO/74, Letters/278, UT/55] ui- + loss "everlasting snow, ever (white as) snow. Group: SINDICT. Published by

ylf

noun. drinking-vessel

Sindarin [WJ/416] Group: SINDICT. Published by

dúlin

noun. nightingale

A word for “nightingale” appearing in The Etymologies of the 1930s as a combination of N. “night” and N. lhinn “tune” (Ety/DOƷ, Ety/LIN², TIN). It appeared as both dúlinn (Ety/LIN²) and dúlin (Ety/TIN). In The Notion Club Papers of the 1940s, Tolkien instead gave duilin “nightingale” as a derivative of primitive ᴹ✶dōmilindē, demonstrating a phonetic development whereby the ancient m became v and then vanished after the u, but the medial i was preserved. However, Christopher Tolkien used the form dúlin in The Silmarillion appendix (SA/dú), and that form is thus better known.

achar-

do back

_ v. _do back, react; requite; avenge. Q. _akkar _or ahtar. Tôl achar 'vengeance is coming'. . This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:166] < AT 'back', an action by _another agent_ in return to a previous action + ?. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

gwîn

noun. youth

n. youth. Q. víne. >> gwein

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:191] < WIN young. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

an-

very

(as adverbial prefix) an-, as in:

apharch

very dry

apharch (pl. epherch) (VT45:5, 36)

apharch

very dry

(*an-parch >) apharch (pl. eperch) (VT45:5, 36)

calph

vessel

(water vessel) calph (i galph, o chalph), pl. celph (i chelph). By another suggestion, if the word goes like alph "swan", the pl. forms could be ceilph (i cheilph).

cofn

void

(adjective) cofn (empty), lenited gofn, pl. cyfn

escal

veil

(noun) 1) escal (screen, cover that hides), pl. escail. Also spelt esgal (pl. esgail). 2) fân (cloud, manifested body of a Vala), construct fan, pl. fain

gaw

void

(noun) 1) gaw (i **aw), pl. goe (i ngoe = i ñoe), 2) (noun, "the Void" beyond the world) Gast (i **Ast if the word can occur with article and is not counted as a proper name), 3) (chasm, gulf, abyss), pl. iai (LR:400, RS:437, Letters:383)

gorn

valour

1) #gorn (i **orn), pl. gyrn (i ngyrn = i ñyrn). Isolated from the name Aragorn, ”Kingly Valour” (PM:xii). Note: a homophone is the adjective ”hasty, vigorous, impetuous”. 2) caun (i gaun, o chaun), pl. coen (i choen) if there is a pl. Note: a homophone of caun** means "clamour, outcry, cry, shout".

gwathra

veil

(verb) gwathra- (i **wathra, in gwathrar**) (dim, obscure, overshadow)

taur

vast

taur (also tor-, tar- in compounds) (lofty, high, sublime, noble; vast, masterful, mighty, overwhelming, huge, awful), lenited daur, pl. toer. Note: homophones mean ”king (of a people)” and also ”great wood, forest”.

escal

veil

(screen, cover that hides), pl. escail. Also spelt esgal (pl. esgail).

fân

veil

(cloud, manifested body of a Vala), construct fan, pl. fain

gorn

valour

(i ’orn), pl. gyrn (i ngyrn = i ñyrn). Isolated from the name Aragorn, ”Kingly Valour” (PM:xii). Note: a homophone is the adjective ”hasty, vigorous, impetuous”.

gwathra

veil

(i ’wathra, in gwathrar) (dim, obscure, overshadow)

taur

vast

(also tor-, tar- in compounds) (lofty, high, sublime, noble; vast, masterful, mighty, overwhelming, huge, awful), lenited daur, pl. toer. Note: homophones mean ”king (of a people)” and also ”great wood, forest”.

dae

adverb. very

acharn

vengeance

acharn (pl. echern)

dae

very

dae (exceedingly). Lenited dhae.

gôr

vigour

1) gôr (i **ôr, construct gor), pl. gŷr (i ngŷr** = i ñŷr). Note: a homophone means ”horror, fear, dread” but has different mutations.

hall

veiled

hall (hidden, shadowed, shady); lenited chall; pl. hail. Note: a homophone means ”high, exalted”.

rachod

 noun. car, vehicle

acharn

vengeance

(pl. echern)

an-

very

as in:

calph

vessel

(i galph, o chalph), pl. celph (i chelph). By another suggestion, if the word goes like alph "swan", the pl. forms could be ceilph (i cheilph).

caun

valour

(i gaun, o chaun), pl. coen (i choen) if there is a pl. Note: a homophone of caun means "clamour, outcry, cry, shout".

cofn

void

(empty), lenited gofn, pl. cyfn

dae

very

(exceedingly). Lenited dhae.

gast

void

(i ’Ast if the word can occur with article and is not counted as a proper name)

gaw

void

(i ’aw), pl. goe (i ngoe = i ñoe)

gobel

village

(i ’obel) (enclosed dwelling, ”town”), pl. gebil (i ngebil = i ñebil). Archaic pl. ✱göbil.

gôr

vigour

(i ’ôr, construct gor), pl. gŷr (i ngŷr = i ñŷr). Note: a homophone means ”horror, fear, dread” but has different mutations.

hall

veiled

(hidden, shadowed, shady); lenited chall; pl. hail. Note: a homophone means ”high, exalted”.

imrath

valley

(pl. imraith)

void

(chasm, gulf, abyss), pl. iai (LR:400, RS:437, Letters:383)

grôd

cave

1) grôd (i **rôd, construct grod) (delving, excavation, underground dwelling), pl. grŷd (in grŷd) (WJ:414), 2) groth (i **roth) (delving, large excavation), pl. gryth (in gryth) (VT46:12), 3) rond (construct ron) (cavern, vault, vaulted ceiling, hall with vaulted roof), pl. rynd (idh rynd), coll. pl. ronnath, 4) roth (delving, large excavation), pl. ryth, 4) gathrod (i **athrod), pl. gethryd (i ngethryd = i ñethryd), 5) fela (pl. fili). In the Etymologies (LR:381 s.v. PHÉLEG) the name Felagund is said to include this word, but since Tolkien later re-explained this name as a borrowing from Dwarvish, some would consider fela** as a word for ”cave” conceptually obsolete.

thîn

evening

†*thîn (no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. thíniath). The form cited in LR:392 s.v. __ is not marked as containing a long vowel (“thin”).

fela

cave

(pl. fili). In the Etymologies (LR:381 s.v. PHÉLEG) the name Felagund is said to include this word, but since Tolkien later re-explained this name as a borrowing from Dwarvish, some would consider fela as a word for ”cave” conceptually obsolete.

thîn

evening

(no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. thíniath). The form cited in LR:392 s.v. THIN is not marked as containing a long vowel (“thin”).

im

deep vale

im (dell), no distinct pl. form (though the pl. article in will mark the word as pl. when definite). The word typically occurs, not by itself, but in compounds like imlad, imloth, imrath, imrad (VT45:18, VT47:19)

ui

ever

ui (always); also used as adj. ”everlasting, eternal”. Also as prefix, as in *uidafnen ”ever-closed) (WJ:341, where the spelling ”uidavnen” is used), pl. uidefnin

groth

cave

(i ’roth) (delving, large excavation), pl. gryth (in gryth) (VT46:12)

grôd

cave

(i ’rôd, construct grod) (delving, excavation, underground dwelling), pl. grŷd (in grŷd) (WJ:414)

rond

cave

(construct ron) (cavern, vault, vaulted ceiling, hall with vaulted roof), pl. rynd (idh rynd), coll. pl. ronnath

roth

cave

(delving, large excavation), pl. ryth, 4) gathrod (i ’athrod), pl. gethryd (i ngethryd = i ñethryd)

tinnu

starlit evening

(i** dinnu, o thinnu) (dusk, twilight, early night without a moon), pl. tinny (i** thynny) if there is a pl. Verb

ui

ever

(always); also used as adj. ”everlasting, eternal”. Also as prefix, as in ✱uidafnen ”ever-closed) (WJ:341, where the spelling ”uidavnen” is used), pl. uidefnin

duin

large river

(i dhuin), no distinct pl. form except with article (i nuin), coll. pl. duinath (Names:179, PM:54)

late evening

(i dhû) (night, nightfall, darkness), pl. dui (i nui) (SD:302).

lammad

sound of voices

pl. lemmaid. May also be spelt with a single m.

othronn

fortress in a cave/caves

(pl. ethrynn for archaic öthrynn) (underground stronghold). Cited in archaic form othrond in the source (WJ:414).

palan

over a wide area

(far off)

rhûd

artificial cave

(construct rhud, with article ?i thrûd or ?i rûd – *the lenition product of rh- is uncertain) (dwelling underground, rockhewn hall, mine), pl. rhuid (?idh ruid). (PM:365)*

thinna

grow toward evening

(fade).

graw

noun. bear

A Sindarin word for “bear” in notes from the late 1960s, derived from primitive ✶grā (VT47/12).

Neo-Sindarin: Its Quenya cognate Q. roa had the revised meaning {“bear” >>} “dog”, so for purposes of Neo-Sindarin it is probably best to stick with [N.] brôg and ᴺS. medli [N. megli] as words for “bear”.

ion(n)

noun. son, son, *boy

The usual word for “son” in Sindarin, derived from the root √YON of similar meaning (MR/373; SD/129; VT50/18; Ety/YŌ). Tolkien gave it as both ion and ionn.

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s the word for “son” was G. bo or bon (GL/23). This became ᴱN. “son” in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/144). Tolkien introduced N. ionn “son” in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√YO(N) of the same meaning (Ety/YŌ), and seems to have stuck with it thereafter.

Neo-Sindarin: In later writings, Tolkien sometimes glossed its Quenya equivalents yondo or yonyo as “boy” (PE17/190; VT47/10, 27). Since we don’t have any good Sindarin words for “boy”, I’d use ionn for this purpose as well.

Sindarin [AotM/062; MR/373; SD/129; VT50/18] Group: Eldamo. Published by

maw

noun. hand

The Sindarin equivalent of Q. , likewise derived from the root √MAH or √MAƷ “hand; handle, wield” (PE17/162; VT47/6). However, in Sindarin this word was archaic, used only in poetry, having been replaced in ordinary speech by other words like S. mâb and (less often) cam. Other remnants of this word can be seen in compounds like molif “wrist, (orig.) hand link” and directional words like forvo and harvo for left and right hand side.

Conceptual Development: In the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, G. from the early root ᴱ√MAHA was the normal word for “hand”, replacing mab “hand” (< ᴱ√MAHA) which in this document Tolkien decided was instead an irregular dual form of (GL/55). It had also had an irregular plural mabin based on this dual, replacing an older plural †maith. In the Gnomish Grammar, its archaic form was †, with the usual Gnomish sound change of ā to ō (GG/14), as opposed to later Sindarin/Noldorin ā to au, spelt -aw when final. Tolkien seems to have abandoned as a non-archaic word for “hand” early on, preferring ᴱN. mab “hand” by the 1920s and introducing N. cam “hand” in the 1930s.

Sindarin [PE17/162; VT47/06; VT47/18] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mâb

noun. hand, hand, [N.] grasp

The typical Sindarin word for “hand” (VT47/7, 20), usable in almost any context. It is most notable as an element in the name Mablung “Heavy Hand” (VT47/8). See below for a discussion of its etymology.

Conceptual Development: This word dates all the way back to the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, where G. mab “hand” appeared as a derivative of the early root ᴱ√MAPA “seize” (GL/55). Tolkien then revised the gloss to “hands”, saying instead it was an irregular dual of G. “hand”. The word reverted to singular ᴱN. mab “hand” in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/149). These early versions of the word were already an element of Mablung “Heavy Hand(ed)” (LT2/38; LB/311), but also of Ermabwed “One-handed” (LT2/34; LB/119).

In the 1930s it seems Tolkien decided Ilk. mâb “hand” was primarily an Ilkorin word, and the usual word for “hand” in Noldorin was N. cam. Compare Ilkorin Ermabuin “One-handed” and Mablosgen “Empty-handed” with Noldorin Erchamion and Camlost of the same meaning. In The Etymologies of the 1930s, Tolkien had N. mab “grasp” under the root ᴹ√MAPA “seize”, but the version of the entry with that word was overwritten (EtyAC/MAP), leaving only the Ilkorin form mâb. In this period, Mablung may also have been an Ilkorin name.

After Tolkien abandoned Ilkorin in the 1950s, he kept S. Erchamion and Camlost based on cam, but also kept Mablung “Heavy Hand” which must have become Sindarin. In his later writings Tolkien again revisited the etymology of S. mâb “hand”. In a note from Jan-Feb 1968, he wrote:

> It [Q. = “hand”] did not survive in Telerin and Sindarin as an independent word, but was replaced by the similar-sounding but unconnected C.E. makwā, Q. maqua, T. mapa, S. mab, of uncertain origin, but probably originally an adjectival formation from MAK “strike” ... (VT47/19).

This sentence was struck through, however. In drafts of notes on Elvish Hands, Fingers and Numerals written in or after 1968, Tolkien again derived mâb from √MAP (VT47/20 note #13), but in the final version of these notes he made the remarkable decision to discard this root despite it being a stable part of Elvish for nearly 50 years, declaring it was used only in Telerin and not Quenya or Sindarin (VT47/7). He coined a new etymology for S. mâb “hand” based on ✶makwā “handful” = ✶ + ✶kwā (VT47/6-7), a variation on the above etymology from √MAK.

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I prefer to ignore Tolkien’s 1968 removal of √MAP “seize”, and so would continue to derive S. mâb “hand” from that root. However, its ancient meaning may have been “✱grasp”, and its eventual use as “hand” might have been influenced by ancient ✶makwā “handful”.

Sindarin [VT47/06; VT47/07; VT47/19; VT47/20] Group: Eldamo. Published by

thîr

noun. face, face, [N.] look, expression, countenance

A word appearing as an element in the name Caranthir “Red-face”, derived from primitive ✶stīrē (VT41/10), which was likely tied to the root √TIR “watch”.

Conceptual Development: The same noun N. thîr appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s with the glosses “look, face, expression, countenance”, but there it was derived from the root ᴹ√THĒ “look (see or seem)” (Ety/THĒ). Earlier “face” words include G. gwint from the 1910s (GL/46) and ᴱN. ant from the 1920s with more elaborate form ᴱN. annas (PE13/137, 160).

bardh

noun. home

A word for “home” appearing in draft notes from the 1960s discussing the root √MBAR, where it was contrasted with bâr “house, dwelling”:

> In Sindarin bar [< ✱mbăr-] (pl. bair) was used for a single house or dwelling, especially of the larger and more permanent sort; barð [< ✱mbardā̆] was much as English “home”, the (proper) place for one (or a community) to dwell in (PE17/164).

It was also contrasted with milbar “dear home” which was used for the “emotional senses ‘home’ as the place of one’s birth, or desire, or one’s home returned to after journey or exile” (PE17/164). In later versions of these notes on √MBAR, Tolkien mentioned bâr and milbar but not bardh (PE17/109).

Neo-Sindarin: Given its absense from the final version of the √MBAR notes, it is possible Tolkien abandoned bardh “home”. However, I prefer to retain it for purposes of Neo-Sindarin for the ordinary sense of “home”, and reserve milbar for one’s “emotional home” or “✱true home” from which one is currently separated, as opposed to the home that you are living now = bardh. I would use bâr primarily in the sense “house, dwelling”.

Sindarin [PE17/164] Group: Eldamo. Published by

beren

masculine name. Bold

Hero of Beleriand and love of Lúthien who wrested a Silmaril from the crown of Morgoth (S/162). His name is simply [N.] beren “bold” used as a name.

Conceptual Development: The name G. Beren dates back to the earliest Lost Tales, though in the earliest stories he was a Noldorin Elf instead of a Man (LT2/11). The name N. Beren appeared in The Etymologies from the 1930s as a derivative of ᴹ√BER alongside N. beren “bold” (Ety/BER), which is the source of the derivation given above.

Sindarin [LotRI/Beren; LT1I/Beren; MR/373; MRI/Beren; PMI/Beren; SI/Beren; UTI/Beren; WJI/Beren] Group: Eldamo. Published by

bess

noun. wife, wife; [N.] woman

A word for “wife” appearing in the King’s Letter written towards the end of the 1940s (SD/129).

Conceptual Development: This word dates all the way back to G. bess “wife” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s, where it was a derivative of the early root ᴱ√Beđ (GL/22). In Early Noldorin Word-lists, Tolkien changed ᴱN. {bess >>} gweth “wife” based on the modified root ᴱ√wed- (PE13/139, 146); it also had a negated form ᴱN. urweth “without wife” (PE13/156). In The Etymologies of the 1930s Tolkien restored N. bess, now a derivative of the root ᴹ√BES “wed” (Ety/BES). However in that document the sense “†wife” was archaic, and it has come to mean “woman” in modern speech, replacing archaic N. † “woman” (Ety/BES, NDIS, Nι). In the scenario of The Etymologies, the normal word for “wife” was herves (Ety/BES, KHER). However, in the late-1940s King’s Letter, it seems the sense “wife” was restored to bess.

At some point in the mid-to-late 1960s, Tolkien changed the root for marriage words from ᴹ√BES to √BER (VT49/45), apparently motivated by a need to deal with some etymological problems with the name S. Elbereth. Indeed, in The Road Goes Ever On from 1967, Tolkien said S. bereth meant “spouse”, also “used of one who is queen as spouse of a king” (RGEO/66). This calls into question the continued validity of bess from ᴹ√BES.

Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I prefer to retain the root ᴹ√BES for marriage word; see that entry for further details. I’d therefore keep bess, but I recommend using it only in the sense “wife”. For “woman” I’d use , much as I recommend using S. dîr for “man” over N. benn, which had similar conceptual developments.

Sindarin [AotM/062; SD/129] Group: Eldamo. Published by

dîr

noun. man, man, [N.] adult male; agental suffix

A word for “man” as a male person, attested only as an element in compounds or as (archaic?) ndir (PE17/60). This word likely refers to male individuals of all races including Elves, Men, Dwarves and so forth, much like its Quenya cognate Q. nér. This word must have been derived from the primitive subjective form ✶ndēr of the root √N(D)ER “male person”, where the ancient long ē became ī, and the initial cluster nd- became d-, though the ancient cluster would still be reflected in mutated forms, such as in i nîr “the man” rather than ✱✱i dhîr.

Conceptual Development: Perhaps the earliest precursor to this word is (archaic) G. †drio “hero, warrior” with variants driw, driodweg and driothweg, a cognate of ᴱQ. nēr (GL/22). This Gnomish word was derived from primitive ᴱ✶n’reu̯, where the initial nr- became dr-. At this early stage, the root was unstrengthened ᴱ√NERE (QL/65), as reflected in (archaic) ᴱN. nîr “hero, prince, warrior-elf” in the Early Noldorin Dictionary of the 1920s (PE13/164).

In The Etymologies of the 1930s the root became ᴹ√DER “adult male, man” of any speaking race and the derived form was N. dîr (Ety/DER). However, in this document Tolkien said:

> EN †dîr surviving chiefly in proper names (as Diriel older Dirghel [GYEL], Haldir, Brandir) and as agental ending (as ceredir “doer, maker”) ... In ordinary use EN has benn [for “man”] (properly = “husband”).

Thus in the scenario described in The Etymologies, dîr “man” was archaic and used only as an element in names or as a suffix. In ordinary speech it was replaced by N. benn, which used to mean “husband” but now meant “man”, while the word for “husband” became N. hervenn (Ety/BES). It is unlikely Tolkien imagined this exact scenario in later Sindarin, however, since the 1930s root for benn was ᴹ√BES “wed”, but by the 1960s the root for husband/wife/marry words had become √BER.

Neo-Sindarin: Since the status of N. benn is questionable given ᴹ√BES >> √BER, many Neo-Sindarin writers prefer to use S. ✱dîr as the Sindarin word for man. I am of the opinion that both dîr and benn are acceptable for “man, male person”. This is because I prefer to retain ᴹ√BES as the root for “marry, wed”, since it is the best basis for attested husband/wife words in (Neo) Sindarin.

Sindarin [PE17/060] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ernil

noun. prince

A noun for “prince” appearing in phrases like Ernil i Pheriannath “Prince of the Halflings” (LotR/768) and Dor-en-Ernil “Land of the Prince” (UT/245). Its initial element is likely a reduced form of aran “king, noble person”; compare to ar(a)- “noble” of similar origin. If so, the a became e due to i-affection. The final -il is harder to explain, because normally -il is a feminine suffix. Perhaps it is a reduction of hîl “heir”, so that the literal meaning is “✱king’s heir, royal heir”.

Conceptual Development: N. ernil also appeared in Lord of the Rings drafts from the 1940s (WR/287).

Sindarin [Let/425; LotR/0768; LotR/0807; UT/245] Group: Eldamo. Published by

fang

noun. beard, beard, [G.] long beard

The Sindarin word for “beard”, best known as an element in the name S. Fangorn “Treebeard, (lit.) beard of tree” (LotR/1131, PE17/84). The word dates all the way back to the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s where it appeared as G. fang “a long beard” (GL/34), though in that document it had a rejected variant bang “beard” (GL/21). ᴱN. fang “beard” appeared in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/143), and N. fang “beard” appeared in The Etymologies of the 1930s under the root ᴹ√SPANAG (Ety/SPÁNAG). Thus this word was well established in Tolkien’s mind.

Sindarin [PE17/084] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gaear

noun. sea

A word for “sea” variously attested as gaear (PE17/027; PM/363; WJ/400), gaer (PE17/27; PE17/149), and aear (Let/386; RGEO/65) in later writings. Of these, I prefer gaear for purposes of Neo-Sindarin, reduced to gaer in compounds.

Possible Etymology: The presence or absence of the initial g- depends on whether the word’s root is √AY(AR) (as it appears in The Etymologies and some later writings) or √GAY(AR) (as it appears in other later writings). See the entry of the root √GAY(AR) for a discussion of this vacillation. Similarly, the form gaer appears primarily as an element in compounds, and can be explained as a reduced form of gaear in that context. For these reasons, this entry uses gaear as the ordinary Sindarin word for “sea”. This has the additional advantage of disambiguating it from the adjective gaer “dreadful”.

Conceptual Development: This word appeared as N. oer or oear “sea” in The Etymologies of the 1930s, reflecting the Noldorin sound change of ai to oe (Ety/AY). However name for the “Great Sea” was N. {Belegar >>} Belegaer in the narratives of this period (LR/19), and the name N. Rhûnaer “Eastern Sea” appeared in draft Lord of the Rings maps from 1943 (TI/307). The element N. oer did appear in the day-of-the-week name N. Aroeren “✱Sea-day” in drafts of The Lord of the Rings appendices, but this was revised to S. Oraeron (PM/130, 138).

Sindarin [Let/386; LotR/0238; PE17/027; PE17/149; PM/363; RGEO/63; RGEO/64; RGEO/65; SA/ëar; SA/gaer; WJ/400] Group: Eldamo. Published by

glóriel

adjective. golden

@@@ suggested by David Salo, GS/258).

hen(d)

noun. eye

The Sindarin word for “eye”, most notably in the name Amon Hen “Hill of the Eye” (LotR/400), derived from the root √KHEN that was the basis for eye-words (PE17/187). Given the words henneth “window” (LotR/674) and Lachend “Flame-eyed” (WJ/384), it is possible that the independent word for “eye” is hend, but note also maecheneb “sharp-eye” which has no double-n (WJ/337).

Conceptual Development: This word dates all the way back to G. hen “eye” in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/48), cognate to ᴱQ. hend- and so probably similarly derived from primitive ᴱ✶þχe-ndǝ (PE12/21). In the Early Noldorin Grammar of the 1920s, ᴱN. hen(n) “eye” was paired with ᴱQ. sinda (PE13/122), but in Early Noldorin Word-lists from the same period, ᴱN. henn was again cognate with ᴱQ. hen (hend-), both from primitive ᴱ✶ske-ndá. In The Etymologies of the 1930s it was N. {hent, henn >>} hên “eye” from the root ᴹ√KHEN-D-E “eye” (Ety/KHEN-D-E). Thus this word was well established in Tolkien’s mind, but had several variations in its form and derivation.

Sindarin [PE17/077; PM/186; WJ/337] Group: Eldamo. Published by

iôn

masculine name. Son

A name that Eöl used for his son Maeglin while he was growing, which is simply ion(n) “son” used as a name (WJ/337).

Sindarin [WJ/337; WJI/Iôn] Group: Eldamo. Published by

maew

noun. gull

A noun for “gull” first appearing as N. maew in The Etymologies of the 1930s derived from the root ᴹ√MIW “whine” (Ety/MIW). It appeared in later notes as an archaic genitive plural maewion in the phrase S. †glim maewion “(the) voices of gulls” (PE17/97). Its class plural mewrim seems to have appeared in S. Ras Mewrim “✱Cape of the Gulls”, an alternate name for S. Bar-in-Mŷl “Home of the Gulls” (WJ/190). If so, the vowel e would be the result of the sound change whereby ae sometimes became e in polysyllables.

Sindarin [PE17/097; WJ/190] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mŷl

noun. gull

A word for “gull” in the name S. Bar-in-Mŷl “Home of the Gulls” (WJ/379); its singular and plural forms would be the same. It might be derived from ✱miulē < ᴹ√MIW “whine”, the basis for other “gull” words, since iu became ȳ in Sindarin. I’d recommend using the better attested S. maew “gull” for purposes of Neo-Sindarin.

rhû

noun. matter

The status of this word is uncertain. This word’s cognate Q. hrón was revised to orma (MR/218) (later >> erma). Its root may also have changed, SRON >> SRAW.

Sindarin [PE17/183] Group: Eldamo. Published by

roch

noun. horse

The usual word for “horse” in Sindarin, a derivative of ✶rokkō (Let/282, 382) and very well attested. There are indications that this word was more specifically a “swift horse” (Let/382; EtyAC/ROK), but in most cases Tolkien used it generically.

Conceptual Development: The first precursor to this word seems to be G. brog “horse” from the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/24), though at the time it had no Qenya cognates. ᴱN. brog “horse” reappeared in Early Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s (PE13/139), but by The Etymologies of the 1930s it had become N. roch “horse”, already with the derivation given above (Ety/ROK; EtyAC/ROK). Tolkien seems to have mainly stuck with this form thereafter.

Sindarin [Let/178; Let/282; Let/382; PE17/097; RC/241; SA/roch; UT/318] Group: Eldamo. Published by

thurin

masculine name. Secret

A name that Finduilas gave to Túrin translated “Secret” (UT/157), simply the adjective thurin “secret, hidden” used as a name.

Sindarin [UT/157; UTI/Thurin; WJI/Thurin] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ungol

noun. spider

The Sindarin word for “spider” (Let/180; RC/490, 767), derived from √ungu- that was the basis for spider words (PE22/160).

Conceptual Development: The Gnomish word for “spider” was initially G. gung in both the Qenya Lexicon and Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s as a derivative of the early root ᴱ√GUŊU (QL/98; GL/43), also appearing an element in G. Gungliont, the earliest name of Ungoliant (LT1/160). In the Gnomish Lexicon the word gung was crossed through, but may have become ging in G. gwidh-a-ging “cobweb” (GL/46). Regardless, Tolkien added G. ungwi “spider” in pencil to the Gnomish Lexicon (GL/75), which seems to indicate a change of the root from ᴱ√GUŊU to ᴱ√UŊU, consistent with the replacement name G. Ungoliont from the contemporaneous narratives (LT1/152).

In The Etymologies of the 1930s, “spider” words were derived from the root ᴹ√SLIG (Ety/SLIG); see N. thling for discussion. Tolkien soon restored Ung-, however, since N. ungol was translated as “spider” in Lord of the Rings drafts of the 1940s (WR/202).

Sindarin [Let/180; RC/490; RC/767] Group: Eldamo. Published by

în

noun. year

A Sindarin word for “year”, derived from the primitive root ᴹ√YEN of similar meaning, with its vowel sound the result of [[s|a long [ē] becoming [ī]]].

Conceptual Development: The word în first appeared in The Etymologies from the 1930s with the gloss and derivation given above. It did not directly appear in Tolkien’s later writings, but was an element in several later words such as S. ínias “annals” and S. iphant “aged” (lit. “year full”). Furthermore, its Quenya cognate yén did reappear in the Lord of the Rings appendices.

In The Etymologies, both N. în and ᴹQ. yén were glossed “year”, and there were other words for longer periods of time, such as ᴹQ. qantien “century, (lit.) full year” and N. anrand “cycle, age”. In the Lord of the Rings and other later writings, Tolkien changed the meaning Q. yén to an “Elvish century” of 144 years. It is quite likely that S. în also changed to this meaning, but since it did not appear as an independent word in later writing, we have no direct confirmation of this.

Neo-Sindarin: Most Neo-Sindarin writers continue to use în with the sense “year” (that is, a solar year of 365 days). If you are concerned with this word’s true meaning, you might instead use a neologism for this period of time, such as ᴺS. lóran or ᴺS. coranor, but since these are not in widespread use, it is less likely a reader would understand your meaning.

erui

adjective. single, alone

The proper word for first in Sindarin was minui

Sindarin [TI/312, WR/436, VT/42:10] Group: SINDICT. Published by

erui

adjective. first (incorrect use by the Gondorians)

The proper word for first in Sindarin was minui

Sindarin [TI/312, WR/436, VT/42:10] Group: SINDICT. Published by

-eg

suffix. your

_2nd sg./pl. poss. suff. your.Maybe the familiar form of this suff. See also the paradigm of poss. suff. in PE17:46. Later -gen_. >> -el, -gen

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:46] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-el

suffix. your

_2nd sg./pl. poss. suff. _your. Maybe the polite form of this suff. See also the paradigm of poss. suff. in PE17:46. Later -lein. >> -eg, -lein

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:46] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-gen

suffix. your

_2nd sg. poss. suff. your.Maybe the familiar form of this suff. See also the paradigm of poss. suff. in PE17:46. Earlier -eg_. >> -eg

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:46] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-lein

suffix. your

_2nd sg. poss. suff. your.Maybe the polite form of this suff. See also the paradigm of poss. suff. in PE17:46. Earlier -el_. >> -el

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:46] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-main

suffix. our

_1st pl. poss. suff. our.Maybe the excl. form of this suff. See also the paradigm of poss. suff. in PE17:46. Earlier -em_. >> -em, -men

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:46] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-men

suffix. our

_1st pl. poss. suff. our.Maybe the excl. form of this suff. See also the paradigm of poss. suff. in PE17:46. Earlier -em_. >> -em, -main

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:46] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-nc

suffix. we

1st du. pron. suff. #we (you and me). Q. -lmo.See paradigm PE17:132. >> -ngid

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:132] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

Ara-

prefix. king

pref. king. >> ar-, Arathorn

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:113] < S. _aran_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

aear

noun. sea

Tolkien changed this word several times, see gaear

Sindarin Group: SINDICT. Published by

aear

Sea

_n. _Sea, especially the Great (Western) Sea. Q. ear. nef aear, sí nef aearon lit. 'beyond the Sea, here beyond the Great Sea'. >> gaear, gaer

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:20-1:27] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

aearon

noun. great sea, ocean

Tolkien changed this word several times, see gaearon

Sindarin Group: SINDICT. Published by

aearon

ocean

_n. _ocean. Augmentative form of _aear _Sea. Q. earon, airon. nef aear, sí nef aearon lit. 'beyond the Sea, here beyond the Great Sea'. >> aear

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:20-1:27] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

aer

noun. sea

Tolkien changed this word several times, see aear , gaear

Sindarin Group: SINDICT. Published by

an

to

_ prep. _to, for. naur an edraith ammen! 'fire [be] for rescue/saving for us'. aglar an|i Pheriannath  'glory to all the Halflings'.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:38:102:147] < _ana _< ANA/NĀ to, towards – added to, plu-. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

anu

adjective. male

A literal interpretation of the Etymologies would class this word as a noun, but David Salo notes that the punctuation in The Etymologies is not always reliable. Noldorin anw cannot be cognate to the Quenya noun hanu (3anû) because the final -u would drop. It must rather be cognate to the Quenya adjective hanwa (3anwâ) attested under the stem INI, where it is also stated that inw, corresponding to Quenya inya "female", has been remodelled after anw. The combination of these two entries, along with the phonological evidences, clearly indicates that anw is actually an adjective

Sindarin [Ety/360, X/W] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ar-

prefix. king

pref. king. >> ara-, Arathorn

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:113] < S. _aran_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

bain

fair

_ adj. _fair, good, blessed, wholesome, favourable, without evil/bad element, not dangerous, evil or hostile. bân or bain << bân pl. bain. >> bân

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:150] < BAN beauty, with implication that it is due to _lack of fault_ or _blemish_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

bain

beautiful

_ adj. _beautiful. Q. vanya.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:165] < _banya_ < BAN fair, beautiful. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

balrog

demon

n. (mighty) demon. A word made in ancient S. for the spirits (of 'māyan' origin) corrupted to his service by Melkor in the days outside Arda, before the coming of the Elves and the assault uopon Utumno. Q. pl1. Valaraucar. In a draft, Tolkien presented the Balrogs as of "Valar or Maian origin" (PE17:48). >> raug

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:48] < BAL powerful, mighty + RUK. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

bân

adjective. fair

_ adj. _fair, good, wholesome, favourable, not dangerous, evil or hostile. bân or bain << bân pl. bain. >> bain

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:150] < BAN beauty, with implication that it is due to _lack of fault_ or _blemish_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

calen

green

(galen) _ adj. _green (fresh, vigorous). galen after a sg. noun. Q. kălina (lit. illumined) sunny, light.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:77:153] < GAL. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

drû

noun. wild man, Wose, Púkel-Man

In PE/11:31, an older Gnomish word drû, drui meant "wood, forest", and in PE/13:142, the early Noldorin word drú was assigned the meaning "dark". Drû pl. Drúin later came to be used for the name of the Woses, with other derivatives (Drúadan, etc.). "Wose" is actually the modernization of an Anglo-Saxon word wasa only found in the compound wudu-wasa "wild man of the woods", cf. UT/385 sq. In the drafts of the "Ride of the Rohirrim" in WR/343-346, the Woses first appeared as "the dark men of Eilenach". Though internally said to derive from drughu in their own tongue, Tolkien's choice for the Sindarin name of the Woses was apparently influenced by earlier meanings assigned to this word

Sindarin [UT/385] MS *druγ, Dr druγu. Group: SINDICT. Published by

fân

shape

_n._shape, with the added notion of light and whiteness. It was thus often used where we might use 'a vision' (of something beautiful and sublime). Q. fana-. Tolkien notes that "Yet being elvish, though it may be used of things remote, it has no implication either of uncertainty or unreality" (PE17:26). In the name Fanuilos of Elbereth, the Fân was the vision of majesty of Elbereth upon the mountain where she dwelt.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:26] < FAN white, esp. applied to reflected light as of clouds, snow, frost, mist. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

gaear

Sea

_n. _Sea, especially the Great (Western) Sea. Shorter form gaer. Q. ear. >> aear, gaer

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:27] < GAY(AR). Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

gaearon

ocean

_n. _ocean. Augmentative form of _gaear _Sea. Q. earon, airon. >> gaear

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:27] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

gaer

Sea

_n._Sea, especially the Great (Western) Sea. Shorter form of gaear.Q. aire (obsolete). >> aear, gaear

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:27] < _gaı_9_ră _< GAY(AR). Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

glân

adjective. bright, shining white

The word is deduced from its mutated form, but it is worth mentioning that a stem GALÁN "bright", with glan "daylight" (and later "clear") as derivative, is listed in the Etymologies (not included in the published text, but see VT/45:13). Most of the words meaning "white" in the Indo-Eureopean languages come from the original notion of "brightness", e.g. Greek leukós "white" is cognate with Latin lucere "to shine", lux "light". This association of sense is also found in Gnomish, PE/11:39 (glan "clean, pure", from "bright" originally) and in Early Noldorin (PE/13:144, glann "clean"). The similarity with Welsh glan (where the vowel, incidentally, is also long, though this is concealed by Welsh orthographic convention) is also striking

Sindarin [Curunír 'Lân UT/390] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gwanwen

proper name. Departed

A term the Sindar used for the Elves who left Beleriand for Aman, derived from the same root as Q. vanwa: √WĀ/AWA (WJ/366, 378). Another variation was Gwanwel (WJ/378), perhaps incorporating †Ell “Elf”.

Sindarin [WJ/378; WJI/Gwanwen] Group: Eldamo. Published by

hross

noun. foam

n. foam. >> ross

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:121] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

iaun

adjective. large

adj. large, extensive, wide, vast, huge. Q. yāna-. >> -ion

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:42:99] < YAN vast, huge. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

chasm

_ n. _chasm, pit. >> Moria

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:35] < YAG. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

laeb

adjective. green

_ adj. _green. A theoretical equivalent to Q. laiqua but that did not exist in Sindarin.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:153] < _laiqua_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

laeg

green

_ adj. _green. >> Legolas

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:84] < _laikā_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

laeg

adjective. green

_ adj. _green (of leaves, herbage). Q. laika.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:159] < LAY. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

lam

tongue

_ n. _tongue. Q. lambe. >> lammen

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:46] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

los

snow

{ŏ}_ n. _snow. Q. losse. >> glos, glosui, loss, Loss(h)oth

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:161] < LOS snow (as a substance or a white mass). Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

loss

noun. snow

_ n. _snow. Q. losse. >> glos, glosui, los, Loss(h)oth

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:161] < LOS snow (as a substance or a white mass). Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

mae

adverb. well

adv. well. Ai na vedui Dúnadan. Mae g'ovannen. 'Ah! At last, Dúnadan ! Well met !'.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:16] < (_maZĕ_ <) _măgē_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

mae

well

_ adv. _well. >> mael

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:131:162] < either MAY or MAG. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

mael

adjective. well

_ adj. _well. adjective << adverb. >> mae

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:162] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

malh

golden

adj. #golden. This word is not explicitly presented as S. >> mall, mallorn

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:51] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

mall

golden

adj. #golden. This word is not explicitly presented as S. >> malh, mallorn

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:51] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

mor-

black

_ pref. _black. >> Moria, morn-

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:35] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

morn

adjective. black

adj. black. >> mor, Morgai

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:101] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

morn-

black

_pref. _black. >> Moria, mor-

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:31:35] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

na

to

e _ prep. _to, towards (of spacetime). n' before vowels. >> nan 2

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:147] < _nā _< ANA/NĀ to, towards – added to, plu-. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

na

preposition. to

prep. to Na-chaered palan-díriel lit. "To-distance (remote) after-gazing" >> na-chaered, nan 2

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:20-1:25] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

nim

white

_adj. _white. >> Nimbrethil

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:19] < T. _nimbi _white. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

nim

white

_adj. _white (usual word). >> nimp, nimras

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:168] < _nimbĭ _< _nimpĭ_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

nimp

adjective. pale

adj. pale, pallid. nimp << nim (PE17:168). >> niphred

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:55:168] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

o

preposition. from

_ prep. _from, of. In older S. o had the form od before vowels. o menel aglar elenath ! lit. 'from Firmament glory of the stars !'.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:20-1:42:54] < _au(t) _< stem_ awa_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

pen-

-less

pref. -less. >> penadar

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:173] < PEN lack, have not. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

pen-

-less

pref. -less. Q. _pen _without, not having. . This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:171] < PEN lack, not have. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

raud

lofty

adj. lofty. Q. rāta. >> arod, taer

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:186] < RAT tower up. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

raug

demon

n. demon. Q. rauca. >> Balrog

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:48] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

rhaw

adjective. wild

adj. wild. Q. hráva. Tolkien wrote this entry as "rhaw [f]" (PE17:78).

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:78] < S-RAB wild, in the senses 'not tamed, domesticated'; hence often 'fierce, savage, hostile (to Elves and Men)' < RAB astray, wa. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

rhû

matter

n. matter. rhû << rhū. >> rhond, rhonn

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:183] < _srōn _ < SRON < RON solid, tangible, firm. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

ross

noun. foam

n. foam. >> hross

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:121] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

thos

noun. fear

_ n. _fear. O.Q. þosse. >> di'nguruthos

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:87] < ÞOS frighten, terrify. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

tirith

watch

{1st ĭ}_n._watch, ward, guard. >> tíria, Minas Tirith

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:25:31] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

íd

Extremely

_ adv. _Extremely, very. A word seldom used. >> Ídril. This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:112] < IT prefix of (great) enhancement. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

û

interjection. no

adv. or interj. no, not (of fact).

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:144] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

aran

king

1) (king of a region) aran (pl. erain). Coll. pl. aranath. Also †âr with stem-form aran- (also with pl. erain; the longer form aran may be a back-formation from this plural). 2) (king of a people)taur (i daur, o thaur) (said in LR:389 s.v. _T_Ā to refer to ”legitimate kings of the whole tribes”), pl. toer (i thoer), coll. pl. torath.

bad

go

#bad- (i vâd, i medir), pa.t. bant. Isolated from trevad- ”traverse”.

cam

hand

1) cam (i gam, o cham), pl. caim (i chaim), coll. pl. cammath; 2) mâb (i vâb; construct mab), pl. maib (i maib). 3) Archaic †maw (i vaw), pl. moe (i moe). A homophone means ”soil, stain”. (VT47:6) 4) (fist) dond (i dhond; construct don), pl. dynd (i nynd), coll. pl. donnath (VT47:23).

cîw

fresh

1) cîw (lenited gîw; no distinct pl. form) (new), 2) laeb (no distinct pl. form). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” lhoeb (LR:368 s.v. LÁYAK) 3) laeg (green), no distinct pl. form. (Note: a homophone means ”keen, sharp, acute”.) In the Woodland dialect lêg, whence leg- in the name Legolas ”Greenleaf” (Lettters:282, 386).

gail

bright

gail (light), lenited ngail; no distinct pl. form (VT45:18). The adj. calen etymologically means "bright", but is used = "green" (q.v.).

gwelu

air

2) (as substance) gwelu (i **welu), analogical pl. gwely (in gwely) if there is a pl. The attested form is archaic gwelw** (LR:398 s.v. WIL). Hence the coll. pl. is likely *gwelwath, if there is a coll. pl..

iaur

old

1) iaur (ior-, iar-) (ancient, former), pl. ioer. Compare ELDER, ELDEST, q.v. 2) brûn (long endured, long established, long in use), lenited vrûn, pl. bruin. Cf. also

laden

wide

1) laden (plain, flat, open, cleared), pl. ledin (for ”N” lhaden pl. lhedin, LR:368 s.v. LAT), 2) land (plain), pl. laind. Also used as noun ”open space, level”. 3) pann (i bann, o phann, construct pan), pl. pain (i phain). Since the pl. form clashes with *pain ”all” (mutated phain, SD:129), other terms may be preferred for clarity. 4) ûr (pl. uir). Notice the homophone ûr ”fire, heat”.

maew

gull

1) maew (i vaew), no distinct pl. except with article (i maew), coll. pl. maewrim; 2) gwael (i **wael), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwael), 3) mŷl (i vŷl, construct myl), no distinct pl. form except with article (i mŷl**).

maidh

pale

1) maidh (lenited vaidh; no distinct pl. form) (fallow, fawn), 2) nimp (nim-) (white); no distinct pl. form, 3) thind (grey); no distinct pl. form; 4) gael (glittering), lenited ael; no distinct pl. form. 5) *malu (lenited valu; analogical pl. mely; lenited valu) (fallow). Cited in archaic form malw (LR:386 s.v. SMAL).

men

we

men (accusative mín ”us”, presumably usually lenited vín, which is also the genitive ”our”).

mên

way

1) mên (i vên, construct men, in compounds -ven) (road), pl. mîn (i mîn), 2) lend (journey), pl. lind, coll. pl. lennath. Note: a homophone means ”tuneful, sweet”, 3) #pâd (construct pad), i bâd, pl. paid (i phaid). Isolated from Tharbad ”Crossroad”. 4) (i dê, o thê) (line), pl. (i thî), coll. pl. ?teath.

mên

road

mên (i vên, construct men, in compounds -ven) (way), pl. mîn (i mîn). Cf. also:

môr

dark

môr (black), lenited vôr, pl. mŷr (Letters:382), also

môr

black

1) môr (dark), lenited vôr, pl. mŷr (Letters:382), also morn (dark), pl. myrn, lenited #vorn. Note: the word is also used as a noun ”darkness, night”. (Letters:386) The lenited form #vorn appears, compounded, in the name of the

salab

herb

salab (i halab, o salab), pl. selaib (i selaib). In ”N”, the pl. was seleb, LR:385 s.v. _ÁK-(W_Ē).

ôl

dream

(noun) ôl (in compounds olo-; pl. ely for archaic öly). The pl. ely is the suggested Sindarin equivalent of ”Noldorin” elei (LR:379 s.v. OLOS)

bad

go

(i vâd, i medir), pa.t. bant. Isolated from trevad- ”traverse”.

bôr

trusty man

(boron-) (i vôr, construct bor) (steadfast man, faithful vassal), pl. *b**ŷr* for older beryn, i meryn (archaic böryn, i möryn). In ”Noldorin”, the older pl. forms were berein, beren.

crûm

left hand

(i grûm, o chrûm, construct crum), pl. cruim (i chruim), coll. pl. crummath. Also ✱hair (i chair), no distinct pl. form (not even with article). Note: hair is also used = ”left” as adjective. Cited in archaic form heir (LR:365 s.v. KHYAR).

fuir

right hand

pl. fŷr. Also used as adj. "right, north" (VT42:20). In ”Noldorin” the word appeared as (”foeir” =) föir, feir (LR:382 s.v. PHOR).

gail

bright

(light), lenited ngail; no distinct pl. form (VT45:18). The adj. calen etymologically means "bright", but is used = "green" (q.v.).

gwelu

air

(i ’welu), analogical pl. gwely (in gwely) if there is a pl. The attested form is archaic gwelw (LR:398 s.v. WIL). Hence the coll. pl. is likely ✱gwelwath, if there is a coll. pl..

iphant

full of years

(aged, long-lived), pl. iphaint. The spelling used in the source is ”ifant” (LR:400 s.v. YEN), but since the f arises from earlier (n > m +) p via nasal mutation, it should be written ph according to the spelling conventions described in LotR Appendix E.

laden

wide

(plain, flat,  open, cleared), pl. ledin (for ”N” lhaden pl. lhedin, LR:368 s.v. LAT)

m

gull

ŷl (i vŷl, construct myl), no distinct pl. form except with article (i mŷl).

malu

pale

(lenited valu; analogical pl. mely; lenited valu) (fallow). Cited in archaic form malw (LR:386 s.v. SMAL).

men

we

(accusative mín ”us”, presumably usually lenited vín, which is also the genitive ”our”).

mâb

hand

(i vâb; construct mab), pl. maib (i maib).

mân

departed spirit

(i vân, construct man), pl. main (i main)

mên

way

(i vên, construct men, in compounds -ven) (road), pl. mîn (i mîn)

mên

road

(i vên, construct men, in compounds -ven) (way), pl. mîn (i mîn). Cf. also:

môr

dark

(black), lenited vôr, pl. m**ŷr* (Letters:382)*, also

môr

black

(dark), lenited vôr, pl. m**ŷr (Letters:382), also morn (dark), pl. **myrn, lenited #vorn. Note: the word is also used as a noun ”darkness, night”. (Letters:386) The lenited form #vorn appears, compounded, in the name of the

salab

herb

(i halab, o salab), pl. selaib (i selaib). – In ”N”, the pl. was seleb, LR:385 s.v. SALÁK-(WĒ).

silef

shining white

is listed in LR:385 s.v. SIL as the cognate of Quenya silma of this meaning, but silef is there asterisked, apparently to indicate that it only appears as part of the word Silevril ”Silmaril”. The word silef may also be used = Quenya silima (noun), the crystal substance of the Silmarils.

taur

king

(i daur, o thaur) (said in LR:389 s.v. to refer to ”legitimate kings of the whole tribes”), pl. toer (i thoer), coll. pl. torath.

ôl

dream

(in compounds olo-; pl. ely for archaic öly). – The pl. ely is the suggested Sindarin equivalent of ”Noldorin” elei (LR:379 s.v. OLOS)

mín

pronoun. our

Sindarin [VT44/22; VT44/24; VT44/28] Group: Eldamo. Published by

gwîn

noun. youth

Sindarin [PE17/191] Group: Eldamo. Published by

aenor

noun. god

A neologism for “a god” opposed to “God” (Eru), based on Gnomish ain. A direct adaptation of the Gnomish form would be aen, but that conflicts with aen “should be”; Fiona Jallings suggested the extended form aenor in a Discord chat in August 2019.

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

Eru

god

(the One) #Eru, isolated from Eruchín** **"children of the One" (= Elves and Men; sg. *Eruchen).

achas

fear

(noun) 1) achas (dread), pl. echais. It is possible that the word is lenited in the source, and that it should have an initial g-; if so read gachas (i **achas), pl. gechais (i ngechais = i ñechais), 2) dêl (i dhêl, construct del) (disgust, loathing, horror), pl. dîl (i nîl), 3) delos (i dhelos) (horror, abhorrence, dread, detestation, loathing), pl. delys (i nelys), coll. pl. delossath. Note: a side-form ends in -oth (pl. -yth) instead of -os (-ys). 4) gôr (i ngôr = i ñor, o n**gôr = o ñgôr, construct gor) (dread, horror), pl. gŷr (i ngŷr = i ñŷr). Note: a homophone means ”vigour” but has different mutations. 5) niphred (pallor); pl. niphrid.

adleitha

release

(verb, = "to free") adleitha- (i adleitha, in adleithar); also adleg- (i adleg, in edlegir), pa.t. adlenc, pp. adlengen, pl. edlengin). RELEASE (noun) 1) adleithian, pl. adleithiain, 2) leithian (freeing), pl. leithiain

aear

sea

aear (ocean); pl. aeair. The shorter form aer (for N oer) is maybe best avoided since it can be confused with aer "holy", unless the latter is actually a lenited form of gaer. Forms with g-, representing an alternative concept of the word for ”sea”: gaear (i **aear) (ocean), pl. gaeair (i ngaeair = i ñaeair) (PM:363), also gaer (i **aer, no distinct pl. form except with article: i ngaer = i ñaer), but homophones of the latter mean "reddish, copper-coloured, ruddy" and also "dreadful, awful, fearful; holy".

an

to

(adverbial prefix) an-. 3)

aníra

desire

(vb.) aníra- (i aníra, in anírar);

arth

lofty

1) arth (noble, exalted), pl. erth, 2) brand (high, noble, fine), lenited vrand, pl. braind, 3) orchall (superior, eminent), pl. erchail (for archaic örchail), 4) taur (also tor-, tar- in compounds) (high, sublime, noble; vast, masterful, mighty, overwhelming, huge, awful), lenited daur, pl. toer. Note: homophones mean ”king (of a people)” and also ”great wood, forest”.

bain

fair

bain (beautiful). Lenited vain. No distinct pl. form.

bain

beautiful

bain (fair). Lenited vain. No distinct pl. form.

banga

trade

(vb.) banga- (i manga, i mbangar)

bannen

gone

#bannen (pl. bennin). Isolated from govannen ”met”, based on the assumption that this past participle includes a form of the verb #bad- ”go”.

baradh

steep

baradh (pl. beraidh, lenited varadh).

bell

strong

1) (in body) *bell, lenited vell, pl. bill. Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” belt. 2)

beren

bold

1) beren (lenited veren), pl. berin. Also used as masc. name Beren. 2) cand (lenited gand, pl. caind)

bess

woman

bess (i vess, construct bes) (wife), pl. biss (i miss). The word etymologically means ”wife”, but the meaning was generalized.

brand

fine

1) brand (high, lofty, noble), lenited vrand, pl. braind, 2) trîw (lenited drîw; no distinct pl. form) (slender) , 3) *lhind (slender), lenited ?thlind or ?lind (the lenition product of lh is uncertain); no distinct pl. form. Sugggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” thlind.

bŷr

follower

*bŷr (vassal; construct byr). No distinct pl. form except with article (i mŷr). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” bior, beor. FOLLOWER (used as a term for Mortal Man, the "follower" of the Elves): Aphadon (pl. Ephedyn, coll. pl. Aphadrim) (WJ:387). Also echil (no distinct pl. form); coll. pl. ?echillath

cen

verb. see

cen- (i gên, i chenir), also tíra- (i díra, i thírar), the latter rather meaning “watch”. SEEING #cened (i gened) (sight), pl. cenid (i chenid) if there is a pl. Isolated from cenedril, see mirror, SEEING STONE *gwachaedir (*i 'wachaedir) (palantír), no distinct pl. form. except with article (in gwachaedir); coll. pl. ?gwachaediriath or ?gwachadirnath (the latter assuming that -dir is reduced from older -dirn) The form occurring in the primary source, gwahaedir, must represent the late Gondorian pronunciation with h for ch (PM:186)

dram

blow

dram (i dhram) (heavy stroke), pl. draim (in draim);

dîr

man

1) (adult male of any speaking race) dîr (dír-, also agentive ending -dir or -nir; with article, i nîr, hard mutation as in o ndîr), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ndîr); coll. pl. díriath. Also benn (i venn, construct ben), pl. binn (i minn). The latter is in archaic language used = "husband" (the etymological meaning). The ending -we in names may also express ”being, man, person”. 2) (mortal human as opposed to Elf) Adan (pl. Edain; the coll. pl. Adanath is attested). The word Adan came to be used primarily of a member of the Three Houses of the Edain, not of the mortal race of Men in general.

dúlinn

nightingale

1) dúlinn (i dhúlinn) (dusk-singer), same form pl. except with article (i núlinn) (SD:302). 2) merilin (i verilin), no distinct pl. form except with article (i merilin), coll. pl. merilinnath. Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” ”moerilind” = mörilind. 3) tinúviel (”daughter of twilight”, a poetic kenning) (i dinúviel, o thinúviel), pl. ?tinúvil (i thinúvil), coll. pl. tinúviellath (MR:373, WJ:62)

echad

shape

(verb) echad- (i echad, in echedir) (fashion, make), pa.t. echant (VT45:19)

er

single

1) er (pl. ir) (VT48:6), 2)

ernil

prince

1) ernil (no distinct pl. form), 2) †cund (i gund, o chund, construct cun), pl. cynd (i chynd) (VT45:24). 3) The plural form conin (i chonin), occurring in the Cormallen Praise, is translated "princes" (Conin en Annûn = "princes of the west", Letters:308), but it is unclear what the singular would be. (David Salo suggests caun, though this word has two different meanings already; see SHOUT, VALOUR)

erui

single

erui (first, alone). No distinct pl. form. 3) minai (distinct, unique), lenited vinai; pl. mini

esta

name

(verb.) esta- (call) (i esta, in estar)

faltha

foam

(verb) faltha- (i faltha, i falthar)

fir

fade

1) fir- (i fîr, i firir) (die), 2) pel- (i bêl, i phelir) (wither), 3) thinna- (grow toward evening)

glân

white

1) glân (clear), lenited lân, pl. glain. (UT:390, VT45:13). Note: a homophone means ”hem, border”. 2) nimp (nim-) (pale); no distinct pl. form. 3) faen (radiant). No distinct pl. form. 4) fain; no distinct pl. form.

graw

dark

graw (swart), lenited raw, pl. groe. (VT45:16)

graw

bear

(noun) 1) graw (i **raw), pl. groe (in groe), coll. pl. ?grawath or ?groath (VT47:12). 2) brôg (i vrôg, construct brog), pl. brŷg (i mrŷg**), 3) *medli (i vedli), no distinct pl. form except with article (i medli). The word literally means ”honey-eater”. Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” megli.

gwachae

away

1) (adj.) gwachae (remote), lenited wachae, no distinct pl. form. The form occurring in the primary source, #gwahae, must represent the late Gondorian pronunciantion with h for ch (PM:186, isolated from gwahaedir). 2) (adv.) e, ed (out, forth); also as adjectival prefix "outer" and preposition "out from, out of" (WJ:367)

gwain

new

1) #gwain (gwin-), lenited wain, pl. gwîn. Isolated from the month-name Narwain, ”new sun” (where #gwain appears in lenited form). The form gwîn ”young” listed in VT46:22 would have to be taken as a pl. form, if it is to be the cognate of Quenya vinya. 2) cîw (lenited gîw; no distinct pl. form) (fresh), 3) eden (begun again), pl. edin; 4) sain (sin-), lenited hain; pl. sîn;

gwanwen

departed

1) (past participle) gwanwen (lenited wanwen; pl. gwenwin), also as noun: a ”departed” one, one of the Elves of Aman: Gwanwen (i **Wanwen), pl. Gwenwin (in Gwenwin) (WJ:378), 2) gwann (dead), lenited wann; pl. gwain**;

gwing

foam

1) gwing (i **wing) (spindrift, spume, spray blown off wave-tops), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwing), 2) ross (construct ros) (rain, dew, spray [of fall or fountain]), pl. ryss (idh ryss) (Letters:282). Note: homophones mean ”reddish, russet, copper-coloured, red-haired” and also ”polished metal, glitter”, 3) falf (breaker), pl. felf, coll. pl. falvath**

haer

far

(adj.) *haer (remote, distant), lenited chaer; no distinct pl. form. (Tentative correction of ”haen” in VT45:20; compare Quenya haira_.) _Also hae (remote, distant, on the other side, further); lenited chae; no distinct pl. form.

hall

exalted

hall (high); lenited chall; pl. hail. Note: a homophone means ”veiled, hidden, shadowed, shady”.

hend

eye

hend (i chend, construct hen), pl. hind (i chind), dual hent ”pair of eyes” (VT45:22), coll. pl. hennath. Adj.

herdir

master

(noun) 1) herdir (i cherdir), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i cherdir). Possibly used = ”Mr.” (i cherdir Perhael ”the Master Samwise” or *”Mr. Samwise”). (SD:128-31). Coll. pl. ?herdiriath. 2) heron (i cheron, o cheron) (lord), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath. (VT45:22)._ Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn ”lady”, other words for ”lord, master” may be preferred. 3) hîr (i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (lord), no distinct pl. form even with article (i chîr). (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9)_ 4) (also used = ”mastery”) tûr (i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. tuir (i thuir), coll. pl. túrath

hîr

lord

1) hîr (i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (master), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i chîr), coll. pl. híriath (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9); 2) heron (i cheron, o cheron) (master), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath (VT45:22)._ _Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn ”lady”, other words for ”lord” may be preferred. 3) brannon (i vrannon), pl. brennyn (i mrennyn), coll. pl. brannonnath; 4) tûr (i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (mastery, power, control; master, victor), pl. tuir (i thuir), coll. pl. túrath.

im

dell

im (deep vale), no distinct pl. form (though the pl. article in will mark the word as pl. when definite). The word typically occurs, not by itself, but in compounds like imlad, imloth, imrath, imrad (VT45:18, VT47:19)

gulf

1) (chasm, void, abyss), pl. iai (LR:400, RS:437, Letters:383), 2) iaw (cleft, ravine), pl. ioe. Note: a homophone means ”corn”.

chasm

(gulf, void, abyss), pl. iai (LR:400, RS:437, Letters:383)

lacha

flame

(verb) *lacha- (i lacha, i lachar). Only the imperative form lacho is attested.

lam

tongue

(both body-part and = ”dialect, language”) lam (pl. laim, coll. pl. lammath). (WJ:394, 416) Not: lam is also used = ”echo, voice, echoing voice”.

lhîw

sickness

1) *lhîw (?i thlîw or ?i lîw the lenition product of lh is uncertain) (disease), no distinct pl. form except possibly with article (?i lîw). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” thliw, fliw. 2) cael (i gael, o chael) (lying in bed). Same form in the pl. except with article (i chael), 3) paw (i baw), pl. poe (i phoe). various related terms (no Sindarin word simply meaning ”side” is known):

lind

air

3) (of music) lind (song, tune; singer, in the latter sense also used of rivers), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. linnath (WJ.309)

lobor

horse

lobor, analogical pl. lebyr (VT45:28)

loss

snow

(fallen snow) loss (construct los; pl. lyss if there is a pl.) (RGEO:61-62, Letters:278, VT42:18) (Note: homophones mean ”flower” [more commonly loth] and ”wilderness”.).

lost

empty

lost (pl. lyst), also cofn (void), lenited gofn, pl. cyfn

mae

well

(adverb) mae (lenited vae).

magor

swordsman

magor (i vagor), analogical pl. megyr (i megyr)

malthen

golden

1) (of gold) malthen (melthin- in compounds; lenited valthen; pl. melthin), 2) (shining with golden light) glóren (glórin-), lenited lóren; pl. glórin, 3) mallen (lenited vallen; pl. mellin).

manadh

fortune

(usually = final bliss) manadh (i vanadh) (doom, final end, fate), pl. menaidh (i menaidh). Cf. .

manadh

final end

manadh (i vanadh) (fate, fortune [usually = final bliss]), pl. menaidh (i menaidh).

matha

wield

1) matha- (i vatha, i mathar) (stroke, feel, handle), 2) maetha- (i vaetha, i maethar) (handle, manage, deal with). In Tolkiens earlier material, the verb maetha- meant ”fight”. 3) tortha- (i dortha, i thorthar) (control)

mellon

friend

1) (masc.) mellon (i vellon) (lover), pl. mellyn (i mellyn), coll. pl. mellonnath. Also meldir (i veldir), no distinct pl. form except with article (i meldir). Also seron (i heron, o seron), pl. seryn (i seryn), coll. pl. seronnath. 2) (fem.) meldis (i veldis), no distinct pl. form except with article (i meldis), coll. pl. meldissath.

morn

dark

morn (black), pl. myrn, lenited vorn. Note: the latter word is also used as a noun ”darkness, night”. (Letters:386)

na

with

(in instrumental sense?) na (followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salos reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”

nîf

face

1) nîf (construct nif) (front). No distinct pl. form. 2) thîr (look, expression, countenance) (VT41:10)

oltha

dream

(verb) oltha- (i oltha, in olthar)

olui

な^hJ adjective. dreamy

Ol (dream) + -ui (full, having that quality)

Sindarin [Realelvish.com] Published by

or

high

(adjectival pref.) or- (above, over), also ar- (noble, royal). In the form ar(a)- this is an element in the names of the kings of Arnor and Arthedain. Nouns:

orthor

master

(vb.) orthor (i orthor, in ertherir for archaic in örtherir) (conquer)

rain

free

rain (wandering, erratic). No distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means ”border” (VT46:10; suggested Sindarin form of ” Noldorin” rhain)

renia

sail

(verb) renia- (fly, wander, stray) (i renia, idh reniar)

rhaw

wild

1) rhaw (untamed). Lenited ?thraw or ?raw (the lenition product of rh is uncertain), pl. rhoe. (VT46:10) Note: a homophone means ”flesh, body”, 2) braig (fierce), lenited vraig. No distinct pl. form. (VT45:34), 3) lothren (waste), pl. lethrin for archaic löthrin (VT45:29)

rimp

rushing

(adj.) 1) rimp (flying), no distinct pl. form; 2) alag (impetuous), pl. elaig; also alagon (pl. elegyn); 3) ascar (impetuous, violent), pl. escair. Also spelt asgar (pl. esgair).

sael

wise

1) sael (lenited hael; no distinct pl. form), 2) noen (sensible). Pl. form (if any) uncertain. The archaic form of the word is given as nohen (VT46:7), which would have the pl. form nöhin. If the regular change of ö to e occured before the loss of h, the pl. form of noen could be nain for older nein. 3)

sui

as

1) prep. “like, as”) sui (VT44:23), 2) (prep.) be (like, according to). Followed by lenition? With article ben (followed by "mixed mutation" according to David Salos reconstruction)

taur

sublime

taur (also tor-, tar- in compounds) (lofty, high, noble; vast, masterful, mighty, overwhelming, huge, awful), lenited daur, pl. toer. Note: homophones mean ”king (of a people)” and also ”great wood, forest”.

thurin

secret

(adjective) 1) thurin (hidden); no distinct pl. form, 2) dolen (hidden), lenited dholen, pl. dolin;

tuia

spring

(verb) tuia- (i duia, i thuiar) (swell, sprout)

ui

always

ui (ever); also used as adj. ”everlasting, eternal”.

uial

twilight

1) uial (pl. uiail if there is a pl.). This can be specified as: 1) (morning twilight) minuial (i vinuial) (dawn, morrowdim), pl. minuiail (i minuiail). 2) (second twilight, before nightfall) aduial (evendim, the time of evening when the stars come out), pl. aduiail. Other terms for twilight: 1) tinnu (i dinnu, o thinnu) (dusk, starlit evening, early night without a moon, starry twilight), pl. tinny (i thynny) if there is a pl. 2) muil (i vuil) (dreariness, shadow, vagueness), no distinct pl. except with article (i muil)

în

year

1) în, no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. ?íniath. 2) idhrinn (no distinct pl. form). LONG YEAR (Valian year) ennin. No distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. enniniath.

achas

fear

(dread), pl. echais. It is possible that the word is lenited in the source, and that it should have an initial g-; if so read gachas (i ’achas), pl. gechais (i ngechais = i ñechais)

aear

sea

(ocean); pl. aeair. The shorter form aer (for N oer) is maybe best avoided since it can be confused with aer "holy", unless the latter is actually a lenited form of gaer. Forms with g-, representing an alternative concept of the word for ”sea”: gaear (i ’aear) (ocean), pl. gaeair (i ngaeair = i ñaeair) (PM:363), also gaer (i ’aer, no distinct pl. form except with article: i ngaer = i ñaer), but homophones of the latter mean "reddish, copper-coloured, ruddy" and also "dreadful, awful, fearful; holy".

ascar

rushing

(impetuous, violent), pl. escair. Also spelt asgar (pl. esgair).

bain

fair

(beautiful). Lenited vain. No distinct pl. form.

bain

beautiful

(fair). Lenited vain. No distinct pl. form.

balrog

fire-demon

(i valrog), pl. balroeg (i malroeg). Coll. pl. balrogath is attested. Archaic form ✱balraug. (MR:79, WJ:415). The etymological meaning is rather ”power-demon”.

bannen

gone

(pl. bennin). Isolated from govannen ”met”, based on the assumption that this past participle includes a form of the verb #bad- ”go”.

baradh

steep

(pl. beraidh, lenited varadh).

be

as

(like, according to). Followed by lenition? With article ben (followed by "mixed mutation" according to David Salo’s reconstruction)

bell

strong

lenited vell, pl. bill. Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” belt.

beren

bold

(lenited veren), pl. berin. Also used as masc. name Beren.

bess

wife

(i vess, construct bes) (woman), pl. biss (i miss). The word bess was later used = ”woman” (in general).

bess

woman

(i vess, construct bes) (wife), pl. biss (i miss). The word etymologically means ”wife”, but the meaning was generalized.

braig

wild

(fierce), lenited vraig. No distinct pl. form. (VT45:34)

brand

fine

(high, lofty, noble), lenited vrand, pl. braind

brand

lofty

(high, noble, fine), lenited vrand, pl. braind

brand

tall

(lofty, noble, fine), lenited vrand, pl. braind.

brannon

lord

(i** vrannon), pl. brennyn (i** mrennyn), coll. pl. brannonnath

brôg

bear

(i vrôg, construct brog), pl. brŷg (i mrŷg)

brûn

elder, eldest

(long endured, long established, long in use), lenited vrûn, pl. bruin. Cf. also

conin

prince

(i chonin), occurring in the Cormallen Praise, is translated "princes" (Conin en Annûn = "princes of the west", Letters:308), but it is unclear what the singular would be. (David Salo suggests caun, though this word has two different meanings already; see

cuen

small gull

(i guen, o chuen) (petrel), pl. ?cuin (?i chuin) (VT45:24)

cund

prince

(i gund, o chund, construct cun), pl. cynd (i chynd) (VT45:24).

cîl

renewal

(i gîl; no distinct pl. form except with article: i chîl) (VT48:8)

cýron

new moon

(i gýron), pl. cýroen (i chýroen). Archaic ✱cýraun, spelt cýrawn in the source (VT48:7).

daedhelos

great fear

(i naedhelos, o ndaedhelos), pl. daedhelys (i ndaedhelys). Coll. pl. daedhelossath. A side-form ends in -oth instead of -os. The word appears in the mutated form "ndaedelos" in LotR Appendix F, but since the second element must be delos "abhorrence" and it would surely be lenited following a vowel, this would seem to be one of the cases where Tolkien wrote d even though dh would be technically correct. Another term for

delia

conceal

(i dhelia, i neliar), pa.t. daul (whence the passive participle dolen ”concealed”), later pa.t. deliant.

doltha

conceal

(i dholtha, i noltar). Pa.t. †daul, an archaic form that was maybe replaced by dolthant later. Passive participle dolen (see

dond

hand

(i dhond; construct don), pl. dynd (i nynd), coll. pl. donnath (VT47:23).

dram

blow

(i dhram) (heavy stroke), pl. draim (in draim);

duinen

high tide

(i dhuinen), pl. duinin (i nuinin). (VT48:26).

in

unstressed di (beneath, under) (VT45:37). Note: a homophone means ”bride, lady”.

dîr

man

(dír-, also agentive ending -dir or -nir; with article, i nîr, hard mutation as in o ndîr), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ndîr); coll. pl. díriath. Also benn (i venn, construct ben), pl. binn (i minn). The latter is in archaic language used = "husband" (the etymological meaning). The ending -we in names may also express ”being, man, person”.

e

away

ed (out, forth); also as adjectival prefix "outer" and preposition "out from, out of" (WJ:367)

echad

shape

(i echad, in echedir) (fashion, make), pa.t. echant (VT45:19)

er

single

(pl. ir) (VT48:6)

eru

god

isolated from Eruchín "children of the One" (= Elves and Men; sg. ✱Eruchen).

erui

single

(first, alone). No distinct pl. form. 3) minai (distinct, unique), lenited vinai; pl. mini**

falf

foam

(breaker), pl. felf, coll. pl. falvath

glân

white

(clear), lenited ’lân, pl. glain. (UT:390, VT45:13). Note: a homophone means ”hem, border”.

gobel

enclosed dwelling

(i ’obel) (walled house or village, ”town”), pl. gebil (i ngebil = i ñebil). Archaic pl. göbil.

graurim

dark people

(VT45:16);

graw

dark

(swart), lenited ’raw, pl. groe. (VT45:16)

graw

bear

(i ’raw), pl. groe (in groe), coll. pl. ?grawath or ?groath (VT47:12).

grôd

underground dwelling

(i ’rôd, construct grod) (cave, delving, excavation), pl. grŷd (in grŷd) (WJ:414)

gwain

new

(gwin-), lenited ’wain, pl. gwîn. Isolated from the month-name Narwain, ”new sun” (where #gwain appears in lenited form). The form gwîn ”young” listed in VT46:22 would have to be taken as a pl. form, if it is to be the cognate of Quenya vinya.

gwanwen

departed

(lenited ’wanwen; pl. gwenwin), also as noun: a ”departed” one, one of the Elves of Aman: Gwanwen (i ’Wanwen), pl. Gwenwin (in Gwenwin) (WJ:378)

gwing

foam

(i ’wing) (spindrift, spume, spray blown off wave-tops), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwing)

gîl

bright spark

(i ngîl = i ñîl, construct gil) (star, silver glint), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gîl = i ñgîl), coll. pl. *giliath** (RGEO, MR:388)*

gôr

fear

(i ngôr = i ñor, o n’gôr = o ñgôr, construct gor) (dread, horror), pl. gŷr (i ngŷr = i ñŷr). Note: a homophone means ”vigour” but has different mutations.

haer

far

(remote, distant), lenited chaer; no distinct pl. form. *(Tentative correction of ”haen” in VT45:20; compare Quenya haira.) *Also hae (remote, distant, on the other side, further); lenited chae; no distinct pl. form.

hall

tall

(exalted); lenited chall; pl. hail. Note: a homophone means ”veiled, hidden, shadowed, shady”.

hall

exalted

(high); lenited chall; pl. hail. Note: a homophone means ”veiled, hidden, shadowed, shady”.

hend

eye

(i chend, construct hen), pl. hind (i chind), dual hent ”pair of eyes” (VT45:22), coll. pl. hennath. Adj.

heneb

eyed

(lenited chebeb, pl. henib). Isolated from maecheneb ”sharp-eyed” (lenited vaecheneb; pl. maechenib) (WJ:337)

herdir

master

(i cherdir), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i cherdir). Possibly used = ”Mr.” (i cherdir Perhael ”the Master Samwise” or ✱”Mr. Samwise”). (SD:128-31). Coll. pl. ?herdiriath.

heron

lord

(i cheron, o cheron) (master), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath** (VT45:22). Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn** ”lady”, other words for ”lord” may be preferred.

heron

master

(i cheron, o cheron) (lord), pl. heryn (i cheryn), coll. pl. heronnath. (VT45:22). Since the pl. heryn clashes with the fem. sg. heryn ”lady”, other words for ”lord, master” may be preferred.

hîr

lord

(i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (master), no distinct pl. form, not even with article (i chîr), coll. pl. híriath (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9)

hîr

master

(i chîr, o chîr; also hir-, her- at the beginning of compounds) (lord), no distinct pl. form even with article (i chîr). (Letters:282, 386; VT41:9) 

hûr

fiery spirit

(i chûr, o chûr, construct hur) (readiness for action, vigour), pl. huir (i chuir) if there is a pl.

iaw

gulf

(cleft, ravine), pl. ioe. Note: a homophone means ”corn”.

im

dell

(deep vale), no distinct pl. form (though the pl. article in will mark the word as pl. when definite). The word typically occurs, not by itself, but in compounds like imlad, imloth, imrath, imrad (VT45:18, VT47:19)

gulf

(chasm, void, abyss), pl. iai (LR:400, RS:437, Letters:383)

chasm

(gulf, void, abyss), pl. iai (LR:400, RS:437, Letters:383)

lacha

flame

(i lacha, i lachar). Only the imperative form lacho is attested.

lam

tongue

(pl. laim, coll. pl. lammath). (WJ:394, 416) Not: lam is also used = ”echo, voice, echoing voice”.

land

wide

(plain), pl. laind. Also used as noun ”open space, level”.

lhûn

making sound

lenited ?thlûn or ?lûn (the lenition product of lh is uncertain), pl. lhuin. Verb

lind

air

(song, tune; singer, in the latter sense also used of rivers), no distinct pl. form, but coll. pl. linnath (WJ.309)

lobor

horse

analogical pl. **lebyr **(VT45:28)

lost

empty

(pl. lyst), also cofn (void), lenited gofn, pl. cyfn

lothren

wild

(waste), pl. lethrin for archaic löthrin (VT45:29)

mae

well

(lenited vae).

maetha

wield

(i** vaetha, i** maethar) (handle, manage, deal with). In Tolkien’s earlier material, the verb maetha- meant ”fight”.

maew

gull

(i vaew), no distinct pl. except with article (i maew), coll. pl. maewrim

magor

swordsman

(i vagor), analogical pl. megyr (i megyr)

maidh

pale

(lenited vaidh; no distinct pl. form) (fallow, fawn)

mallen

golden

(lenited vallen; pl. mellin).

malthen

golden

(melthin- in compounds; lenited valthen; pl. melthin)

manadh

fortune

(i vanadh) (doom, final end, fate), pl. menaidh (i menaidh). Cf.

matha

wield

(i** vatha, i** mathar) (stroke, feel, handle)

maw

hand

(i vaw), pl. moe (i moe). A homophone means ”soil, stain”. (VT47:6) 

medli

bear

(i vedli), no distinct pl. form except with article (i medli). The word literally means ”honey-eater”. – Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” megli.

medlin

bearish, of bears

(adjective derived from medli ”bear”), lenited vedlin, no distinct pl. form. – Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” meglin.

meldis

friend

(i veldis), no distinct pl. form except with article (i meldis), coll. pl. meldissath.

mellon

friend

(i vellon) (lover), pl. mellyn (i mellyn), coll. pl. mellonnath. Also meldir (i veldir), no distinct pl. form except with article (i meldir). Also seron (i heron, o seron), pl. seryn (i seryn), coll. pl. seronnath.

merilin

nightingale

(i** verilin), no distinct pl. form except with article (i** merilin), coll. pl. merilinnath. Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” ”moerilind” = mörilind.

minuial

twilight

(i vinuial) (dawn, morrowdim), pl. minuiail (i minuiail).

mith

pale grey

(lenited vith; no distinct pl. form). David Salo would read mîth with a long vowel. Note: a homophone means ”white fog, wet mist”.

morn

dark

(black), pl. myrn, lenited vorn. Note: the latter word is also used as a noun ”darkness, night”. (Letters:386)

muil

twilight

(i vuil) (dreariness, shadow, vagueness), no distinct pl. except with article (i muil)

na

with

(followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salo’s reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”

noen

wise

(sensible). Pl. form (if any) uncertain. The archaic form of the word is given as nohen (VT46:7), which would have the pl. form nöhin. If the regular change of ö to e occured before the loss of h, the pl. form of noen could be nain for older nein.

o

of

(od), followed by hard mutation. With article uin ”from the, of the” (followed by ”mixed” mutation according to David Salo’s reconstuctuons). (WJ:366). Not to be confused with o ”about, concerning”.

or

high

(above, over), also ar- (noble, royal). In the form ar(a)- this is an element in the names of the kings of Arnor and Arthedain. Nouns:

paen

small gull

(i baen, o phaen) (petrel), no distinct pl. form except with article (i phaen). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” poen, VT45:24.

rhaw

wild

(untamed). Lenited ?thraw or ?raw (the lenition product of rh is uncertain), pl. rhoe. (VT46:10) Note: a homophone means ”flesh, body”

rhûd

dwelling underground

(construct rhud, with article ?i thrûd or ?i rûd – *the lenition product of rh- is uncertain) (artificial cave, rockhewn hall, mine), pl. rhuid (?idh ruid) (PM:365)*.

sui

as

(VT44:23)

taur

lofty

(also tor-, tar- in compounds) (high, sublime, noble; vast, masterful, mighty, overwhelming, huge, awful), lenited daur, pl. toer. Note: homophones mean ”king (of a people)” and also ”great wood, forest”.

taur

tall

(also tor-, tar- in compounds) (lofty, high, sublime, noble; vast, masterful, mighty, overwhelming, huge, awful), lenited daur, pl. toer. Note: homophones mean ”king (of a people)” and also ”great wood, forest”.

taur

sublime

(also tor-, tar- in compounds) (lofty, high, noble; vast, masterful, mighty, overwhelming, huge, awful), lenited daur, pl. toer. Note: homophones mean ”king (of a people)” and also ”great wood, forest”.

tess

fine pierced hole

(i dess, construct tes), pl. tiss (i thiss). Older ters (VT46:18).

thinna

fade

(grow toward evening)

thîr

face

(look, expression, countenance) (VT41:10)

tinnu

twilight

(i** dinnu, o thinnu) (dusk, starlit evening, early night without a moon, starry twilight), pl. tinny (i** thynny) if there is a pl.

tir-

watch

(cited in the form tiri, a ”Noldorin” infinitive in -i) (i dîr, i thirir) (guard, gaze, look at, look towards). The imperative tiro and passive participle [t]irnen are attested, the latter in lenited form dirnen.

tirith

watch, watching

(i dirith, o thirith) (guard, guarding, vigilance), no distinct pl. form except with article (i thirith)

tûr

lord

(i** dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (mastery, power, control; master, victor), pl. tuir (i** thuir), coll. pl. túrath.

tûr

master

(i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. t**uir (i th**uir), coll. pl. túrath

tûr

master, mastery

(i dûr, o thûr, construct tur) (victory, power, control; victor, lord), pl. t**uir (i th**uir), coll. pl. túrath

ui

always

(ever); also used as adj. ”everlasting, eternal”.

îr

sexual desire

(VT46:23)

cant

noun. shape, shape; [N.] outline

mellon

noun. friend

Sindarin [AotM/062; Let/424; LotR/0305; LotR/0308; LotRI/Mellon; PE17/041; PE17/097; SA/mel; SD/129; VT44/26; WJ/412] Group: Eldamo. Published by

aphadon

noun. follower

di

preposition. with

Sindarin [PE17/095] Group: Eldamo. Published by

echil

noun. follower

egor

conjunction. or

Sindarin [AotM/062; SD/129] Group: Eldamo. Published by

ethuil

noun. spring, spring [the season]

Sindarin [AotM/062; LotR/1107; SD/129] Group: Eldamo. Published by

glân

adjective. white, [bright shining] white; [N.] clear; [G.] pure, †bright; [ᴱN.] clean

gwana

noun/adjective. fair

gwanwen

adjective. departed, departed, *gone, lost [to time], past

herdir

noun. master

Sindarin [AotM/062; SD/129] Group: Eldamo. Published by

iand

adjective. wide

Sindarin [PE17/115] Group: Eldamo. Published by

iaur

adjective. old, old; [N.] ancient, olden

Sindarin [RC/523; RC/579; SA/iaur; UT/384; WJ/192] Group: Eldamo. Published by

laew

adjective. fresh

Sindarin [PE17/159] Group: Eldamo. Published by

lind

adjective. fair

lost

adjective. empty

mael

adjective. well

Sindarin [PE17/162] Group: Eldamo. Published by

magor

noun. swordsman

Sindarin [LotR/0081] Group: Eldamo. Published by

mallen

adjective. golden, golden, [N.] of gold

nim

adjective. white

Sindarin [PE17/019; PE17/168; SA/nim] Group: Eldamo. Published by

rhae

adjective. easy

Sindarin [PE17/172] Group: Eldamo. Published by

rhaw

adjective. wild, wild, [N.] untamed

Sindarin [PE17/078] Group: Eldamo. Published by

sael

adjective. wise

Sindarin [MR/305; PE17/102; SD/126] Group: Eldamo. Published by

taer

adjective. lofty, lofty, *high

Sindarin [PE17/186] Group: Eldamo. Published by

thoss

noun. fear

Sindarin [PE17/087] Group: Eldamo. Published by

tuil

noun. spring

Sindarin [PE17/027] Group: Eldamo. Published by

banath

noun. beauty

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

bannen

adjective. gone

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

beinas

noun. beauty

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

belon

noun. sail

cand

adjective. bold

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

edlonui

adjective. foreign

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

egel

adjective. other

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

elias

noun. blessedness

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

eru

noun. God

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

ess

noun. name

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

gwachae

adjective. far away

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

gwist

noun. change

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

law

noun. sound

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

mair

adjective. precious

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/reconstructions. Published by

an

preposition. to, towards, for

With suffixed article and elision in aglar'ni Pheriannath

Sindarin [LotR/II:IV, UT/39, SD/129-31] Group: SINDICT. Published by

aran

noun. king (used of a lord or king of a specified region)

Sindarin [Ety/360, S/428, LotR/II:IV, LotR/VI:VII, SD/129-] Group: SINDICT. Published by

calen

adjective. green

Sindarin [Ety/362, S/429, Letters/282, RC/349, VT/42:19] Etym. "bright-coloured". Group: SINDICT. Published by

caun

noun. prince, ruler

Sindarin [LotR/VI:IV, Letters/308] MS *kaun, Q. cáno. Group: SINDICT. Published by

cund

noun. prince

Sindarin [Ety/366, VT/45:24, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

cîr

adjective. renewed

Sindarin [VT/48:7-8] Group: SINDICT. Published by

cîw

adjective. fresh, new

Sindarin [VT/48:7-8] Group: SINDICT. Published by

cýr

adjective. renewed

Sindarin [VT/48:7-8] Group: SINDICT. Published by

daer

noun. bridegroom

Sindarin [Ety/375, VT/45:9, X/OE] Group: SINDICT. Published by

eneth

noun. name

Sindarin [VT/44:21,24] Group: SINDICT. Published by

er

adjective. single

Sindarin [VT/48:6] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ernil

noun. prince

Sindarin [LotR/VI:IV, Letters/308, UT/428, RGEO/75] Group: SINDICT. Published by

fain

noun/adjective. white

Sindarin [Ety/387, WR/288, RC/268, VT/46:15, X/EI] Group: SINDICT. Published by

fain

noun/adjective. cloud

Sindarin [Ety/387, WR/288, RC/268, VT/46:15, X/EI] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gloss

adjective. snow-white, dazzling-white

Sindarin [Ety/359, RGEO/70, VT/42:18] Group: SINDICT. Published by

graw

noun. bear

Sindarin [VT/47:12] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gwain

adjective. new

Sindarin [Narwain (Narvinyë) LotR/D, Cf. Ety/399] Group: SINDICT. Published by

hae

adjective. far, remote, distant

Sindarin [Gwahaedir PM/186, VT/45:21] Group: SINDICT. Published by

laeb

adjective. fresh

Sindarin [Ety/368, VT/45:26, X/OE, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

land

adjective. wide, broad

Sindarin [Landroval LotR/VI:IV, Ety/367, X/LH, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

loss

noun. snow (especially fallen or long-lying snow)

Sindarin [S/434, VT/42:18, RGEO/70] Group: SINDICT. Published by

magor

noun. swordsman

Sindarin [Menelvagor LotR/E, WJ/234] Group: SINDICT. Published by

maw

noun. hand

Sindarin [VT/47:6] Group: SINDICT. Published by

mellon

noun. friend

Sindarin [Ety/372, LotR/II:IV, SD/129-31, Letters/424] Group: SINDICT. Published by

min

adjective. our

Sindarin [VT/44:21,22,28] Group: SINDICT. Published by

mín

adjective. our

Sindarin [VT/44:21,22,28] Group: SINDICT. Published by

naur

noun. flame

Sindarin [Ety/374, S/435, LotR/II:IV] Group: SINDICT. Published by

naur

noun. fire

Sindarin [Ety/374, S/435, LotR/II:IV] Group: SINDICT. Published by

sui

conjunction. as, like

Sindarin [VT/44:21,27] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ad

back

(as prefix) ad-, also meaning "second, again, re-", e.g. aderthad "reunion".

aear

ocean

aear (sea), pl. aeair.

ammen

for us

ammen (to us).

an

to

(prep.) an (+ nasal mutation), with article ni "to the" (+ nasal mutation in plural).

anu

male

(adj.) *anu, analogical pl. eny. (Archaic anw, pl. ?einw)

arth

exalted

1) arth (lofty, noble), pl. erth;

baw!

no

! (interjection expressing refusal or prohibition, not denying facts) baw! (dont!) Prefix

bâr

dwelling

bâr (house, home, family; land, earth) (i mâr, o mbâr, construct bar), pl. bair (i mbair). Also -bar, -mar at the end of compounds

bâr

house

bâr (dwelling, home, family; land, earth) (i mâr, o mbâr, construct bar), pl. bair (i mbair). Also -bar, -mar at the end of compounds.

bâr

home

bâr (dwelling, house, family; land, earth) (i mâr, o mbâr, construct bar), pl. bair (i mbair). Also -bar, -mar at the end of compounds.

calen

green

1) (etymologically "bright") calen (lenited galen), pl. celin (attested in lenited form in the name Pinnath **Gelin, "Green Ridges"). 2) laeg (fresh), no distinct pl. form. (Note: a homophone means ”keen, sharp, acute”.) In the Woodland dialect lêg, whence leg- in the name Legolas** ”Greenleaf” (Lettters:282, 386).

cant

shape

(noun) cant (i gant, o chant) (outline), pl. caint (i **chaint). The mutated pl. -chaint is attested as part of the compound morchaint**; see SHADOW.

car

house

(building, dwelling-place) 1) car or cardh (i gar[dh], o char[dh]) (building), pl. cerdh (i cherdh) or cair (i chair). Note: cardh also means "deed, feat". Therefore, the form car may be preferred for clarity. 2) adab (building), pl. edaib. In ”Noldorin”, the plural was edeb. 3)

celu

spring

(of water) 1) celu (i gelu, o chelu) (source), analogical pl. cely (i chely). Archaic celw; so the coll. pl. is likely celwath. 2) (well) eithel (source, issue of water), pl. eithil.

cirion

sailor

cirion (i girion) (shipman), pl. ciryn (i chíryn), coll. pl. cirionnath.

cuil

life

cuil (i guil, o chuil), no distinct pl. form except with article (i chuil)

daer

large

daer (great), lenited dhaer, no distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means "bridegroom", but has a different lenited form.

daer

bridegroom

daer (i naer, o ndaer), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ndaer). Note: a homophone means "great, large", but has different mutations.

dan

back

(prep.) dan (lenited nan) (again, against);

doll

dark

doll (dusky, misty, obscure), lenited noll, pl. dyll. Note: In ”Noldorin”, this word appeared as dolt as well as doll, but the latter seems the best form in S.

dûr

dark

dûr (sombre), lenited dhûr, pl. duir

egor

or

egor

eithel

well

(= source) eithel (spring, issue of water), pl. eithil

elu

pale blue

1) elu (analogical pl. ely). Archaic elw (pl. ilw?) 2) gwind (lenited wind; no distinct pl. form)

elu

pale blue

1) elu (analogical pl. ely). Archaic elw (pl. ilw?). 2) gwind (lenited wind; no distinct pl. form).

eneth

name

(noun) eneth (pl. enith)

estel

faith

: The noun estel "hope, trust, steady purpose" seems to approach the meaning of "faith" (in the religious sense) (MR:320)

ethuil

spring

(season) ethuil (no distinct pl. form). SPRING-SINGER, see SWALLOW

fae

spirit

1) fae (soul, radiance). No distinct pl. form. 2) faer (radiance). No distinct pl. form. (MR:349)

fang

beard

fang (pl. feng)

gaear

ocean

gaear (i **aear) (sea), pl. gaeair (i ngaeair** = i ñaeair).

gwachae

far away

(adj.) *gwachae (remote), lenited wachae, no distinct pl. form. The form occurring in the primary source, #gwahae, must represent the late Gondorian pronunciantion with h for ch (PM:186, isolated from gwahaedir).

gwanna

depart

gwanna- (i **wanna, in gwannar**) (die)

gwelwen

air

1) (as a region) gwelwen (i **welwen), pl. gwelwin (in gwelwin), also gwilith (i **wilith), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwilith)

idhren

wise

idhren (pondering, thoughtful), pl. idhrin. 4) goll (lenited ngoll, pl. gyll). 5) golwen (learned in deep arts), lenited ngolwen, pl. gelwin (archaic *gölwin)

iôn

son

iôn (-ion) (descendant), pl. ŷn, coll. pl. #ionath_ isolated from Hurinionath (PM:202-3) as the name of the House of Húrin. (MR:373, WJ.337, PM:202-203, 218) _Also iond, pl. ynd, coll. pl. ionnath. DARK SON, see DARK ELF

lach

flame

(noun) 1) lach (leaping flame), pl. laich; 2) naur (in compounds nar-, -nor) (fire, sun), pl. noer, coll. pl. norath, 3) rill (construct ril) (brilliance, glittering reflected light), no distinct pl. form except with article (idh rill).

noss

house

(family) 1) noss (construct nos, pl. nyss) (family, clan), 2) nost (pl. nyst) (family) (PM:360), 3) nothrim (family); no distinct pl. form (PM:360)

raug

demon

raug (-rog in compounds, as in Balrog), pl. roeg (idh roeg), coll. pl. #rogath (isolated from Balrogath, MR:79). Also used = ”powerful, hostile, and terrible creature”.

roch

horse

(swift horse for riding) roch, pl. rych (idh rych) (Letters:282)

telu

dome

telu (i delu, o thelu) (high roof), pl. tely (i thely)

thalion

strong

thalion (steadfast, dauntless), pl. thelyn. Also used as a noun ”hero, dauntless man”.

tiria

watch

1) tiria- (guard, gaze, look toward) (i diria, i thiriar). 2)

ungol

spider

1) ungol (pl. yngyl); coll. pl. ?unglath or ungolath; 2) *lhingril (?i thlingril or ?i lingril the lenition product of lh is uncertain); no distinct pl. form except possibly with article (?i lingril). Coll. pl. lhingrillath. (Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” thlingril.) 3) or

-enc

suffix. our

_1st pl. poss. suff. _our.Maybe the incl. form of this suff. See also the paradigm of poss. suff. in PE17:46.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:46] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

-m

suffix. we

1st du. pron. suff. #we (you and me). Q. -mmo.See paradigm PE17:132.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:132] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

Ara-

prefix. high, noble, royal

Sindarin [S/428] Reduced form of , element in the names of the kings of Arnor and Arthedain. Group: SINDICT. Published by

Dúnadan

noun. Man of the west, Númenórean

Sindarin [LotR/I:XII, WJ/378, S/390] dûn+adan. Group: SINDICT. Published by

adanadar

noun. man, one of the Fathers of Men

Sindarin [MR/373] adan+adar. Group: SINDICT. Published by

adanath

noun. men

Sindarin [MR/373] Group: SINDICT. Published by

adaneth

noun. (mortal) woman

Sindarin [MR/349] adan+-eth. Group: SINDICT. Published by

aear

noun. sea

al-

well

pref. #well. Q. al(a)-. . This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:172] < ALA good, healthy, prosperous, fortunate. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

aníra-

verb. to desire

Sindarin [SD/129-31] an+*íra- or *níra- (?) OS *anîra-. Group: SINDICT. Published by

aphadon

noun. follower

Sindarin [WJ/387] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ar-

prefix. high, noble, royal

Sindarin [S/428] Reduced form of , element in the names of the kings of Arnor and Arthedain. Group: SINDICT. Published by

ara

noun. king

_ n. _king. 

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:147] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

arwen

noun. noble woman

Sindarin [Arwen (name) LotR] ar-+gwend. Group: SINDICT. Published by

astor

noun. faith

_n. _faith, loyalty (not belief). Q. astar.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:183] < *_as'tāră_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

bain

adjective. beautiful, fair

Sindarin [Ety/351, Ety/359, X/EI] Group: SINDICT. Published by

balrog

noun. demon of power

bal- (stem “cruel” [Etym. ÑGWAL-]) + raug (“powerful and hostile creature, demon”)

Sindarin [Tolkiendil] Group: Tolkiendil Compound Sindarin Names. Published by

bar

noun. dwelling, home

Sindarin [S/428, WR/379-80, SD/129-31] Group: SINDICT. Published by

bar

noun. inhabited land

Sindarin [S/428, WR/379-80, SD/129-31] Group: SINDICT. Published by

bardh

home

{ð}_ n. _home, the (proper) place for one (or a community) to dwell in.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:164] < *_mbar_ or _mbardă_ < MBAR settle. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

baw

interjection. no, don't!

Sindarin [WJ/371] Group: SINDICT. Published by

beleg

adjective. large

adj. large, great. Q. melek-.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:115] < _mbelek_ < BEL, MBEL. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

beleg

adjective. large

adj. large, great, big. . This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:115] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

belegaer

noun. ocean

_ n. _ocean.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:149] < ? + GAYA Sea. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

bess

noun. (young) woman

Sindarin [Ety/352, SD/129-31] Group: SINDICT. Published by

bess

noun. wife

Sindarin [Ety/352, SD/129-31] Group: SINDICT. Published by

cam

noun. hand

Sindarin [Ety/361, Ety/371, S/429] Group: SINDICT. Published by

camm

noun. hand

cand

adjective. bold

Sindarin [Ety/362, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

caun

prince

pl1. cónin {ō} n. prince, chief, head.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:102] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

celu

noun. spring, source

Sindarin [Ety/363, X/W] Group: SINDICT. Published by

di

preposition. with

_ prep. _with. Q. .

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:95] < _dē_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

drúadan

noun. wild man, one of the Woses

Sindarin [UT/385] drû+adan. Group: SINDICT. Published by

dúath

adjective. dark

_ adj. _dark, black shadow.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:87] < _du-wath_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

dúlin

noun. nightingale

Sindarin [Ety/354, Ety/369, S/430, X/ND4] dû+lind "dusk singer". Group: SINDICT. Published by

dûr

adjective. dark, sombre

Sindarin [Ety/354, S/430, UT/434] Group: SINDICT. Published by

dûr

dark

_ adj. _dark, gloomy, 'hellish'.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:152] < _(n)dūrā_. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

echil

noun. follower

Sindarin [WJ/219] Group: SINDICT. Published by

echil

noun. human being

Sindarin [WJ/219] Group: SINDICT. Published by

egor

conjunction. or

Sindarin [SD/129-31] Group: SINDICT. Published by

eithel

noun. issue of water, spring, well

Sindarin [Ety/363, S/430, S/433, WJ/85, TC/187] Group: SINDICT. Published by

esta-

verb. to name

Sindarin [estathar SD/129-31] Group: SINDICT. Published by

fael

adjective. fair minded, just, generous

Sindarin [PM/352] Etym. "having a good fëa". Group: SINDICT. Published by

faer

noun. spirit

Sindarin [MR/349] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gaear

noun. sea

Sindarin [Ety/349, PM/363, RGEO/73] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gaearon

noun. great sea, ocean

Sindarin [PM/363, PM/348, RGEO/72-73] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gaer

noun. sea

Sindarin [Ety/349, S/431, PM/363] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gaer

noun. sea

gaer

ocean

_ n. _ocean.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:149] < GAYA Sea. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

gaeron

noun. great sea, ocean

Sindarin [PM/363, PM/348, RGEO/72-73] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gaeron

noun. ocean

_ n. _ocean.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:149] < GAYA Sea. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

gwael

noun. gull

Sindarin [WJ/418] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gwain

adjective. fair

adj. fair. . This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:140] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

gwelu

noun. air (as substance)

Sindarin [Ety/398, X/W] Group: SINDICT. Published by

gwân

adjective. fair

_ adj. _fair, pale.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:165] < _gwan_ < GWAN pale, fair. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

haeron

adjective. far, remote, distant

Sindarin [PM/273] Group: SINDICT. Published by

hen

noun. eye

Sindarin [Ety/364, LotR/II:IX, WR/128, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

hend

noun. eye

Sindarin [Ety/364, LotR/II:IX, WR/128, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

henn

noun. eye

Sindarin [Ety/364, LotR/II:IX, WR/128, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

herdir

noun. master

Sindarin [i-Cherdir SD/129-31] hîr+dîr. Group: SINDICT. Published by

hîr

noun. master, lord

Sindarin [Ety/364, S/432, SD/129-31, Letters/382, LB/354, ] Group: SINDICT. Published by

spirit

_ n. _spirit, shadow.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:86] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

idhrinn

noun. year

Sindarin [Ety/383, Ety/400, X/ND4] în+rind. Group: SINDICT. Published by

ion

noun. son

For the second meaning, cf. Hadorion, a Húrin's epithet in WJ/294, Hurinionath referring to the house of Húrin the Steward in PM/202-3,218, and Gil-Galad's epithet Ereinion, cf. also the gloss of the old Qenya cognate yondo "descendant of" in PE/12:106, or the use of the same suffix in later Quenya names such as Isildurioni and Anárioni "Heirs of Isildur (resp. Anárion)" in PM/192,196

Sindarin [Ety/400, MR/373, X/ND1, X/ND2] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ion

noun. scion, male descendant

For the second meaning, cf. Hadorion, a Húrin's epithet in WJ/294, Hurinionath referring to the house of Húrin the Steward in PM/202-3,218, and Gil-Galad's epithet Ereinion, cf. also the gloss of the old Qenya cognate yondo "descendant of" in PE/12:106, or the use of the same suffix in later Quenya names such as Isildurioni and Anárioni "Heirs of Isildur (resp. Anárion)" in PM/192,196

Sindarin [Ety/400, MR/373, X/ND1, X/ND2] Group: SINDICT. Published by

iond

noun. son

For the second meaning, cf. Hadorion, a Húrin's epithet in WJ/294, Hurinionath referring to the house of Húrin the Steward in PM/202-3,218, and Gil-Galad's epithet Ereinion, cf. also the gloss of the old Qenya cognate yondo "descendant of" in PE/12:106, or the use of the same suffix in later Quenya names such as Isildurioni and Anárioni "Heirs of Isildur (resp. Anárion)" in PM/192,196

Sindarin [Ety/400, MR/373, X/ND1, X/ND2] Group: SINDICT. Published by

iond

noun. scion, male descendant

For the second meaning, cf. Hadorion, a Húrin's epithet in WJ/294, Hurinionath referring to the house of Húrin the Steward in PM/202-3,218, and Gil-Galad's epithet Ereinion, cf. also the gloss of the old Qenya cognate yondo "descendant of" in PE/12:106, or the use of the same suffix in later Quenya names such as Isildurioni and Anárioni "Heirs of Isildur (resp. Anárion)" in PM/192,196

Sindarin [Ety/400, MR/373, X/ND1, X/ND2] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ionnath

noun. all the sons

Sindarin [SD/129-31] Group: SINDICT. Published by

noun. gulf

Sindarin [Ety/400, S/432, Letters/383] Group: SINDICT. Published by

iôn

noun. son

Sindarin [WJ/337] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lach

noun. (leaping) flame

Sindarin [S/433, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lacha-

verb. to flame

Sindarin Group: SINDICT. Published by

lacho

verb. flame!

Sindarin [UT/65] Group: SINDICT. Published by

laew

adjective. fresh

_ adj. _fresh.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:159] < LAY. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

lain

adjective. free, freed

Sindarin [Ety/368, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lam

noun. physical tongue

Sindarin [Ety/367, WJ/394, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lam

noun. language

Sindarin [WJ/394] Group: SINDICT. Published by

leithian

noun. release, freeing, release from bondage

Sindarin [Ety/368, S/406, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhind

adjective. fine, slender

Sindarin [Ety/386, X/LH, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhing

noun. spider, spider's web, cobweb

Sindarin [Ety/386, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhingril

noun. spider

Sindarin [Ety/386, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lhîw

noun. sickness

Sindarin [Ety/386, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lind

noun. air, tune

Sindarin [Ety/369, X/LH, X/ND1] Group: SINDICT. Published by

lost

adjective. empty

Sindarin [Ety/370, X/LH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

mae

adverb. well

Sindarin [LotR/I:XII, Letters/308] Group: SINDICT. Published by

medli

noun. bear

Sindarin [Ety/369, Ety/371, X/DL] mad-+glî "honey-eater". Group: SINDICT. Published by

mellon

noun. friend

_ n. _friend. Pedo mellon a minno! 'Say friend and enter'. 

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:41] < _melnā_ < MEL love. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

men

noun. way, road

Sindarin [UT/281] Group: SINDICT. Published by

minai

adjective. single, distinct, unique

Sindarin [Ety/373, X/EI] Group: SINDICT. Published by

mor

black

_adj. _black.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:31] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

morn

adjective. black, dark

Sindarin [Ety/373, Letters/382, Letters/427, WJ/368, WR/11] Group: SINDICT. Published by

mŷl

noun. gull

Sindarin [WJ/379-380, WJ/418] Group: SINDICT. Published by

na

preposition. to, towards, at

Sindarin [Ety/374, LotR/I:XII] Group: SINDICT. Published by

o

preposition. from

_ prep. _from. . This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:148] < AWA, WĀ go, move (from speaker), go away, depart. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

pâd

noun. way

Sindarin [Aphadon (*ap-pata), Tharbad (*thara-pata) WJ/387] Group: SINDICT. Published by

rhae

easy

_adj. _easy. Q. rhaia. . This gloss was rejected.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:172] -. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

roch

noun. horse, swift horse for riding

Sindarin [Ety/384, S/436, Letters/178, Letters/282, Letter] Group: SINDICT. Published by

romru

noun. sound of horns

Sindarin [Ety/384, X/RH] rom+rû. Group: SINDICT. Published by

noun. loud-sound, trumpet-sound

Sindarin [Ety/384, X/RH] Group: SINDICT. Published by

sael

adjective. wise

Sindarin [Saelon WJ/233, MR/305, SD/129-31] Group: SINDICT. Published by

sain

adjective. new

Sindarin [Ety/385, X/EI] Group: SINDICT. Published by

sennas

noun. guesthouse

Sindarin [RC/523] "resting place", from *send, *senn (SED) ?. Group: SINDICT. Published by

taer

lofty

adj. lofty. Q. tāra.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:186] < TAG. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

tharbad

noun. cross-way

Sindarin [S/438] thar-+pâd. Group: SINDICT. Published by

tíra-

verb. to see

Sindarin [tírad SD/129-31] Group: SINDICT. Published by

tírad

gerund noun. to see, for the seing

Sindarin [SD/129-31] Group: SINDICT. Published by

uial

noun. twilight

Sindarin [Ety/400, S/439, LotR/D] ui-+gal. Group: SINDICT. Published by

uial

noun. twilight

_ n. _twilight. Q. úyale, yúyal.

Sindarin [(PE17 Sindarin Corpus) PE17:153:169] < ? + GAL/KAL light. Group: Parma Eldalamberon 17 Sindarin Corpus. Published by

ungol

noun. spider

Sindarin [Ety/366, WR/202, LotR, RC/490] Group: SINDICT. Published by

ad

back

also meaning "second, again, re-", e.g. aderthad "reunion".

adab

house

(building), pl. edaib. In ”Noldorin”, the plural was edeb.

adan

man

(pl. Edain; the coll. pl. Adanath is attested). The word Adan came to be used primarily of a member of the Three Houses of the Edain, not of the mortal race of Men in general.

adaneth

mortal woman

(pl. edenith), also firieth (pl. firith).

adleitha

release

(i adleitha, in adleithar); also adleg- (i adleg, in edlegir), pa.t. adlenc, pp. adlengen, pl. edlengin).

adleitha

free

(i adleitha, in adleithar), also †adleg- (i adleg, in edlegir), pa.t. adlenc, pp. adlengen, pl. edlengin).

adleithian

release

pl. adleithiain

aear

ocean

(sea), pl. aeair.

alag

rushing

(impetuous), pl. elaig; also alagon (pl. elegyn)

andrath

high pass

(literally "long climb"), pl. endraith.

anu

male

analogical pl. eny. (Archaic anw, pl. ?einw)

aníra

desire

(i aníra, in anírar);

aran

king

(pl. erain). Coll. pl. aranath. Also †âr with stem-form aran- (also with pl. erain; the longer form aran may be a back-formation from this plural).

arth

lofty

(noble, exalted), pl. erth

arth

exalted

(lofty, noble), pl. erth

banga

trade

(i manga, i mbangar)

baw!

no

(don’t!) Prefix

bâr

dwelling

(house, home, family; land, earth) (i mâr, o mbâr, construct bar), pl. bair (i mbair). Also -bar, -mar at the end of compounds

bâr

house

(dwelling, home, family; land, earth) (i mâr, o mbâr, construct bar), pl. bair (i mbair). Also -bar, -mar at the end of compounds.

bâr

home

(dwelling, house, family; land, earth) (i mâr, o mbâr, construct bar), pl. bair (i mbair). Also -bar, -mar at the end of compounds.

cael

sickness

(i gael, o chael) (lying in bed). Same form in the pl. except with article (i chael)

calen

green

(lenited galen), pl. celin (attested in lenited form in the name Pinnath Gelin, "Green Ridges").

cam

hand

(i gam, o cham), pl. caim (i chaim), coll. pl. cammath

camlann

of the hand

(i gamlann, o chamlann), pl. cemlain (i chemlain).

cand

bold

(lenited gand, pl. caind)

cant

shape

(i gant, o chant) (outline), pl. caint (i chaint). The mutated pl. -chaint is attested as part of the compound morchaint; see SHADOW.

car

house

or cardh (i gar[dh], o char[dh]) (building), pl. cerdh (i cherdh) or cair (i chair). Note: cardh also means "deed, feat". Therefore, the form car may be preferred for clarity.

celos

water falling swiftly from a spring

(i gelos, o chelos) (freshet), pl. celys (i chelys).

celu

spring

(i gelu, o chelu) (source), analogical pl. cely (i chely). Archaic celw; so the coll. pl. is likely celwath.

cen

see

(i** gên, i** chenir), also tíra- (i** díra, i** thírar), the latter rather meaning “watch”.

cened

seeing

(i gened) (sight), pl. cenid (i chenid) if there is a pl. Isolated from cenedril, see MIRROR.

cirion

sailor

(i girion) (shipman), pl. ciryn (i chíryn), coll. pl. cirionnath.

cuil

life

(i guil, o chuil), no distinct pl. form except with article (i chuil)

curunír

man of craft

(i gurunír, o churunír) (wizard), no distinct pl. form except with article (i churunír), coll. pl. ?curuníriath.

cîr

renewed

clashes with the word for ”ship”.s

cîw

new

(lenited gîw; no distinct pl. form) (fresh)

daer

large

(great), lenited dhaer, no distinct pl. form. Note: a homophone means "bridegroom", but has a different lenited form.

daer

noun. bridegroom

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

daer

bridegroom

(i naer, o ndaer), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ndaer). Note: a homophone means "great, large", but has different mutations.

dan

back

(lenited nan) (again, against);

delos

fear

(i dhelos) (horror, abhorrence, dread, detestation, loathing), pl. delys (i nelys), coll. pl. delossath. Note: a side-form ends in -oth (pl. -yth) instead of -os (-ys).

dess

young woman

(i ness, o ndess, constuct des), pl. diss (i ndiss).

dolen

secret

(hidden), lenited dholen, pl. dolin

doll

dark

(dusky, misty, obscure), lenited noll, pl. dyll. Note: In ”Noldorin”, this word appeared as dolt as well as doll, but the latter seems the best form in S.

drambor

blow with fist

(i dhrambor) (clenched fist), pl. dramboer (in dramboer). Archaic ✱drambaur (dram + paur).

dêl

fear

(i dhêl, construct del) (disgust, loathing, horror), pl. dîl (i nîl)

dôr

dwelling place

(i nôr, construct dor) (land, region), pl. dŷr (i ndŷr) (WJ:413).

dúath

dark shadow

(i dhúath) (nightshade), pl. dúaith (i núaith);

dúlinn

nightingale

(i** dhúlinn) (dusk-singer), same form pl. except with article (i** núlinn) (SD:302).

dúnadan

man of the west

(i Núnadan), pl. Dúnedain (i Ndúnedain) (WJ:378, 386).

dûr

dark

(sombre), lenited dhûr, pl. duir

eden

new

(begun again), pl. edin

egor

or

**

eithel

spring

(source, issue of water), pl. eithil.

eithel

well

(spring, issue of water), pl. eithil

elu

pale blue

(analogical pl. ely). Archaic elw (pl. ilw?).

eneth

name

(pl. enith)

ernil

prince

(no distinct pl. form)

esta

name

(call) (i esta, in estar)

estel

faith

"hope, trust, steady purpose" seems to approach the meaning of "faith" (in the religious sense) (MR:320)

ethuil

spring

(no distinct pl. form).

fae

spirit

(soul, radiance). No distinct pl. form.

faen

white

(radiant). No distinct pl. form.

faer

spirit

(radiance). No distinct pl. form. (MR:349)

fain

white

; no distinct pl. form.

faltha

foam

(i faltha, i falthar)

fang

beard

(pl. feng)

fir

fade

(i fîr, i firir) (die)

firion

mortal man

(pl. firyn).

forgam

right-handed

(pl. fergaim, for archaic förgeim)

gaear

ocean

(i ’aear) (sea), pl. gaeair (i ngaeair = i ñaeair).

gaearon

great ocean

(i ‘Aearon), pl. Gaearyn (i Ngaearyn = i Ñaearyn) if there is a pl.

gael

pale

(glittering), lenited ’ael; no distinct pl. form.

gloss

white as snow, dazzling white

(in compounds -los), lenited ’loss; pl. glyss.

glóren

golden

(glórin-), lenited ’lóren; pl. glórin

glóren

shining with golden light

(glórin-) (golden), lenited ’lóren; pl. glórin.

goe

great fear

(i ’oe) (terror), no distinct pl. form except with article (i ngoe = i ñoe).

golu

secret lore

(i ngolu = i ñolu, o n’golu = o ñgolu) (secret lore), analogical pl. gely (in gely = i ñgely) if there is a pl. Archaic golw, hence golwath as the likely coll. pl. 

gondrath

highway

(i ’ondrath) (street of stone, causeway), pl. gendraith (i ngendraith = i ñendraith). Archaic pl. göndreith. (WJ:340). Possibly the pl. can also be gondraith, without umlaut of the first element.

gorgoroth

deadly fear

(i ngorgoroth = i ñorgoroth, o n’gorgoroth = o ngorgoroth) (terror), pl. gergeryth (in gergeryth = i ñgergeryth). Archaic pl. görgöryth. Also in shorter form gorgor (i ngorgor = i ñorgor, o n’gorgor = o ñgorgor) (extreme horror), pl. gergyr (in gergyr = i ñgergyr), coll. pl. *gorgorath*** (WJ:415). Archaic pl. ✱görgyr**.

gosta

fear exceedingly

(i ’osta, i ngostar = i ñostar)

guldur

dark sorcery

(i nguldur = i ñuldur), pl. gyldyr (in gyldyr = i ñgyldyr)

gwachae

away

(remote), lenited ’wachae, no distinct pl. form. The form occurring in the primary source, #gwahae, must represent the late Gondorian pronunciantion with h for ch *(PM:186, isolated from gwahaedir)*.         

gwachaedir

seeing stone

(i ’wachaedir) (palantír), no distinct pl. form. except with article (in gwachaedir); coll. pl. ?gwachaediriath or ?gwachadirnath (the latter assuming that -dir is reduced from older -dirn) The form occurring in the primary source, gwahaedir, must represent the late Gondorian pronunciation with h for ch (PM:186) ****

gwael

gull

(i ’wael), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwael)

gwann

departed

(dead), lenited ’wann; pl. gwain

gwanna

depart

(i ’wanna, in gwannar) (die)

gwanur

kinsman

(i ’wanur) (brother), pl. gwenyr (in gwenyr). Note: a homophone of the sg. means ”pair of twins”.

gwelwen

air

(i ’welwen), pl. gwelwin (in gwelwin), also gwilith (i ’wilith), no distinct pl. form except with article (in gwilith)

gwind

pale blue

(lenited ’wind; no distinct pl. form).

no, not

also ú

iaur

old

(ior-, iar-) (ancient, former), pl. ioer. Compare

idhren

wise

(pondering, thoughtful), pl. idhrin. 4) goll (lenited ngoll, pl. gyll). 5) golwen (learned in deep arts), lenited ngolwen, pl. gelwin (archaic ✱gölwin)

idhrinn

year

(no distinct pl. form).

iond

wj

pl. ynd, coll. pl. ionnath.

iôn

son

(-ion) (descendant), pl. ŷn, coll. pl. #*ionath*** isolated from Hurinionath* (PM:202-3) as the name of the House of Húrin. (MR:373*

lach

flame

(leaping flame), pl. laich;  2) naur (in compounds nar-, -nor) (fire, sun), pl. noer, coll. pl. norath, 3) rill (construct ril) (brilliance, glittering reflected light), no distinct pl. form except with article (idh rill).

lachenn

flame-eyed

pl. lachinn *(WJ:384, there cited in archaic form lachend)*.

laeg

green

(fresh), no distinct pl. form. (Note: a homophone means ”keen, sharp, acute”.) In the Woodland dialect lêg, whence leg- in the name Legolas ”Greenleaf” (Lettters:282, 386). 

lammas

account of tongues

lammen

my tongue

.

lasgalen

leaf-green

(pl. lesgelin).

leitha

set free

(i leitha, i leithar)

leithian

release

(freeing), pl. leithiain

lend

way

(journey), pl. lind, coll. pl. lennath. Note: a homophone means ”tuneful, sweet”

lhind

fine

(slender), lenited ?thlind or ?lind (the lenition product of lh is uncertain); no distinct pl. form. Sugggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” thlind.

lhing

spider’s web

(?i thling or ?i lingthe lenition product of lh is uncertain)  (cobweb), no distinct pl. form except possibly with article (?i ling). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” thling.

lhingril

noun. spider

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

lhingril

spider

(?i thlingril or ?i lingrilthe lenition product of lh is uncertain); no distinct pl. form except possibly with article (?i lingril). Coll. pl. lhingrillath. (Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” *thlingril**.*)

lhê

fine thread

(?i thlê or ?i lêthe lenition product of lh is uncertain) (spider filament), pl. lhî (?i lî). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” thlê.

lhê

spider filament

(?i thlê or ?i lêthe lenition product of lh is uncertain) (fine thread), pl. lhî (?i lî). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” thlê.

lhîw

sickness

(?i thlîw or ?i lîwthe lenition product of lh is uncertain) (disease), no distinct pl. form except possibly with article (?i lîw). Suggested Sindarin form of ”Noldorin” thliw, fliw.

ne

in

ned (used of time in the source), possibly followed by hard mutation (SD:129)

ne

in, inside

(prefix) (mid-)

nellad

sound of bells

(pl. nellaid);

nimp

white

(nim-) (pale); no distinct pl. form.

nimp

pale

(nim-) (white); no distinct pl. form

niphred

fear

(pallor); pl. niphrid.

noss

house

(construct nos, pl. nyss) (family, clan)

nost

house

(pl. nyst) (family) (PM:360)

nothrim

house

(family); no distinct pl. form (PM:360)

nîf

face

(construct nif) (front). No distinct pl. form.

nîth

youth

(construct nith; no distinct pl. form)

oltha

dream

(i oltha, in olthar)

orchall

lofty

(superior, eminent), pl. erchail (for archaic örchail)

orthor

master

(i orthor, in ertherir for archaic in örtherir) (conquer)

pann

wide

(i bann, o phann, construct pan), pl. pain (i phain). Since the pl. form clashes with ✱pain ”all” (mutated phain, SD:129), other terms may be preferred for clarity.

paw

sickness

(i baw), pl. poe (i phoe).

pel

fade

(i bêl, i phelir) (wither)

pâd

way

(construct pad), i bâd, pl. paid (i phaid). Isolated from Tharbad ”Crossroad”.

raud

tall

(eminent, noble), in compounds -rod,  pl. roed. Also used as noun ”champion, eminent man, [a] noble”.

raug

demon

(-rog in compounds, as in Balrog), pl. roeg (idh roeg), coll. pl. #rogath (isolated from Balrogath, MR:79). Also used = ”powerful, hostile, and terrible creature”.

renia

sail

(fly, wander, stray) (i renia, idh reniar)

rimp

rushing

(flying), no distinct pl. form

roch

horse

pl. rych (idh rych) (Letters:282)

romru

sound of horns

pl. remry (idh remry) for archaic römry;

ross

foam

(construct ros) (rain, dew, spray [of fall or fountain]), pl. ryss (idh ryss) (Letters:282). Note: homophones mean ”reddish, russet, copper-coloured, red-haired” and also ”polished metal, glitter”

ruin

red flame

(no distinct pl. form except with article: idh ruin) (blazing fire). Also used as an adj. ”fiery red, burning”. (Silm app, entry ruin; PM:366)

sael

wise

(lenited hael; no distinct pl. form)

sain

adjective. new

Sindarin Group: Eldamo - neologism/adaptations. Published by

sain

new

(sin-), lenited hain; pl. sîn

sennas

guesthouse

(i hennas), pl. sennais (i sennais), coll. pl. sennassath (RC:523)

siniath

news

(tidings) (i siniath).

síla

shine white

(i híla, i sílar) Adj.

telu

high roof

(i delu, o thelu) (dome), pl. tely (i thely).

telu

dome

(i delu, o thelu) (high roof), pl. tely (i thely)

thalion

dauntless man

(hero), pl. thelyn. Also used as an adj. ”dauntless, steadfast, strong”. 

thalion

strong

(steadfast, dauntless), pl. thelyn. Also used as a noun ”hero, dauntless man”.

thind

pale

(grey); no distinct pl. form

thurin

secret

(hidden); no distinct pl. form

tiria

watch

(guard, gaze, look toward) (i diria, i thiriar).

tortha

wield

(i** dortha, i** thorthar) (control)

trîw

fine

(lenited drîw; no distinct pl. form) (slender)

tuia

spring

(i duia, i thuiar) (swell, sprout)

way

(i dê, o thê) (line), pl. (i thî), coll. pl. ?teath.

uilos

always snow-white

(name of Mount Taniquetil, or Oiolossë)

ungol

spider

(pl. yngyl); coll. pl. ?unglath or ungolath

în

year

no distinct pl. form; coll. pl. ?íniath.

ûr

wide

(pl. uir). Notice the homophone ûr ”fire, heat”.