2 adj. thick, of single thing. Tolkien seems to consider that it is not a suitable Sindarin form.
Sindarin
le
pronoun. thee/you
le
thick
le
pronoun. thee, you (polite)
le
pronoun. to thee (reverential)
le linnon im tinúviel
*to thee I sing, I, Tinúviel
The fifth phrase of Lúthien’s Song (LB/354). Three translations of this phrase are:
Patrick Wynne: “✱to thee I sing, I, the Nightingale” (NTTLS/11)
David Salo: “✱I sing to you, I, Nightingale” (GS/211)
Bertrand Bellet and Benjamin Babut: “✱to thee I sing, Tinúviel myself” (GTLC)
The first word is the 2nd-person-polite pronoun le “thee”, with its use as the indirect object “to thee” implied by its position before the verb, as suggested by Wynne and Salo (NTTLS/10, GS/213). The second word linnon “I sing” is the present 1st-person-singular form of the verb linna- “to sing”. The third word is the first person or reflexive pronoun im “I, myself”. The last word Tinúviel is the other name of the speaker, Lúthien, usually translated “Nightingale”.
le nallon sí di’nguruthos
here overwhelmed in dread of Death I cry
fanuilos, le linnathon
and now to thee, Fanuilos, bright spirit clothed in ever-white, I will ... sing
le
thou
le (attested as dative ”to thee”; possibly also used as nominative/accusative, though an accusative *len ”thee” may be theorized to exist). Genitive lín ”thy”.
le
thou
(attested as dative ”to thee”; possibly also used as nominative/accusative, though an accusative ✱len ”thee” may be theorized to exist). Genitive lín ”thy”.
lend
way
(journey), pl. lind, coll. pl. lennath. Note: a homophone means ”tuneful, sweet”
dhe
pronoun. thee/you
{ð}2nd sg. polite pron.(to) thee/you. Pure S. form replaced by the Q. borrowing le in the S. used by the Noldor or mixed peoples. de/dhe remained in use in Doriath and in the Havens. >> dhe
emig
little mother
(no distinct pl. form except with article: in emig). Also used (in children’s play) as a name for the index finger (VT48:6, 17)
emel
noun. mother
A word for “mother” in notes on Elvish Hands, Fingers and Numerals from the late 1960s, along with a diminutive form emelig (VT48/17 note #13). These forms were struck through and replaced by emig as the proper diminutive form from the root √EM (VT48/6), but that doesn’t necessarily invalidate emel = “mother”, which appeared elsewhere as (probably primitive) emel, emer in rough versions of these notes (VT48/19 note #16). These Sindarin forms are unusual in that the medial m did not become v, which means the primitive form was likely based on ✱emm- as suggested by Patrick Wynne (VT48/17 note #14).
Conceptual Development: G. amil “mother” appeared in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s along with rejected forms {anwin, amril} and an archaic variant †amaith (GL/19). The forms {emaith >>} amaith appeared unglossed in Gnomish Lexicon Slips revising that document (PE13/109). In The Etymologies of the 1930s there was a form N. †emil for “mother” under the root ᴹ√AM of the same meaning, but Tolkien said this word was archaic, apparently replaced by N. naneth (Ety/AM¹; EtyAC/AM¹). With N. emil, the a became e via i-affection, but the medial m failing to become v requires an explanation similar to that of 1960s S. emel.
Neo-Sindarin: I generally prefer derivatives of the earlier root √AM for “mother” words in Quenya, but in the case of Sindarin, I find emel and emig from √EM to be better and more widely accepted.
mi
preposition. in
The Sindarin word for “in” (PE23/133; VT50/5), equivalent to Q. mi of the same meaning. This preposition frequently appears in its mutated form vi (PE22/165; VT44/21; VT50/5), since Sindarin prepositions are typically mutated when appearing anywhere other than the beginning of a phrase.
a
conjunction. and
See ah for the form that this conjunction might take before a vowel
a
and
a
conjunction. and
conj. and. Pedo mellon a minno! 'Say friend and enter'. Q. ar
ad
conjunction. and
ada
conjunction. and
ah
preposition/conjunction. and, with
The title Athrabeth Finrod ah Andreth is translated as "converse of Finrod and Andreth", but some scholars actually believe this word to be unrelated with the conjunction a.1 , ar "and", and they render it as "with". Other scholars consider that "and" and "with" (in the comitative sense) are not exclusive of each other, and regard ah as the form taken by this conjunction before a vowel. That a, ar and ah are etymologically related has finally been confirmed in VT/43:29-30. Compare also with Welsh, where the coordination "and" also takes different forms whether it occurs before a vowel or a consonant (respectively ac and a). In written Welsh, a often triggers the aspirate mutation: bara a chaws "bread and cheese". This usage is seldom applied in colloquial Welsh (Modern Welsh §510)
ar
conjunction. and
See ah for the form that this conjunction might take before a vowel
ci
thou
{k} _pron. _thou. Lenited in _gī _as in mae g(ī)' ovannen 'well [art] you met'.
delw
adjective. thick
adj. thick, of single thing. Tolkien seems to consider that it is not a suitable Sindarin form.
ned
preposition. (uncertain meaning) in, of (about time, e.g. giving a date)
[Another possible interpretation: "another, one more" (related to Q. net(e)), VT/47:40]
Ídh
and
{ð}_ conj. _and. It was not mutated before vowels. >> a
Ídh
and
di
preposition. with
_ prep. _with. Q. lé.
di
preposition. with
cenedril
mirror
cenedril (i genedril, o chenedril), no distinct pl. form except with article (i chenedril), coll. pl. cenedrillath. Literally "looking-glass" (cened + rill).
cenedril
mirror
(i genedril, o chenedril), no distinct pl. form except with article (i chenedril), coll. pl. cenedrillath. Literally "looking-glass" (cened + rill).
mên
way
- mên (i vên, construct men, in compounds -ven) (road), pl. mîn (i mîn), 2) lend (journey), pl. lind, coll. pl. lennath. Note: a homophone means ”tuneful, sweet”, 3) #pâd (construct pad), i bâd, pl. paid (i phaid). Isolated from Tharbad ”Crossroad”. 4) tê (i dê, o thê) (line), pl. tî (i thî), coll. pl. ?teath.
na
with
(in instrumental sense?) na (followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salos reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”
na
with
(followed by lenition), with article nan (followed by ”mixed mutation”, according to David Salo’s reconstruction). The preposition has various meanings: ”with, by, near” and also ”to, toward, at; of”
naneth
mother
naneth (pl. nenith). Hypocoristic form (”mom”) nana, pl. nenai (but this word is probably rarely pluralized). In a higher style also †emil. No distinct pl. form; coll. pl. emillath. Variant form emel (pl. emil), also spelt emmel (pl. emmil). (VT48:17)
naneth
mother
(pl. nenith). Hypocoristic form (”mom”) nana, pl. nenai (but this word is probably rarely pluralized). In a higher style also †emil. No distinct pl. form; coll. pl. emillath. Variant form emel (pl. emil), also spelt emmel (pl. emmil). (VT48:17)
riel
garlanded maiden
#riel (princess), pl. ?rîl (idh rîl). Isolated from the name Galadriel. The final element -wen in names means ”girl, maiden, virgin”.
tûg
thick
tûg (lenited dûg, pl. tuig)
tûg
thick
(lenited dûg, pl. tuig)
vi
in
(prep.) 1) vi (VT44:23), with article vin; 2) ne, ned (used of time in the source), possibly followed by hard mutation (SD:129); 3) dî, unstressed di (beneath, under) (VT45:37). Note: a homophone means ”bride, lady”.
vi
in
(VT44:23), with article vin
-as
suffix. abstract noun
-th
suffix. abstract noun
@@@ mostly seems to use base vowel between suffix and root
ci
pronoun. thou
lae-
verb. to not be
-d
suffix. you
2nd du. pron. suff. #you (two). Q. -star.See paradigm PE17:132.
-dh
suffix. you
{ð} 2nd du. pron. suff. #you (two). Q. -star.See paradigm PE17:132.
-dh
suffix. you
{ð} 2nd sg. pron. suff. #you. Q. -tar.See paradigm PE17:132.
-dhir
suffix. you
{ð} 2nd pl. pron. suff. #you. Q. -ltar.See paradigm PE17:132.
a
and
conj. and. About his mutation, see PE17:145.
adh
conjunction. and
ah
conjunction. and
aned
give
anno
verb. give!
ar
conjunction. and, and, [G.] too, besides
de
pronoun. you
emel
noun. mother
emig
noun. "litte mother"
emig
noun. index finger (Elvish play-name used by and taught to children)
emmel
noun. mother
men
noun. way, road
min-
preposition. (in) between (referring to a gap, space, barrier or anything intervening between two other things)
mîn
preposition. (in) between (referring to a gap, space, barrier or anything intervening between two other things)
na
preposition. with, by (also used as a genitive sign)
na
preposition. to, towards, at
othlonn
noun. paved way
pâd
noun. way
singil
noun. mirror
tharbad
noun. cross-way
vi
preposition. in
vi
preposition. in
Ídh
and
{ð} conj. and. About his mutation, see PE17:145.
a
and
a, or ah when the next word begins in a vowel: Finrod ah Andreth, Finrod and Andreth. In some sources, Tolkien uses ar as the conjunction "and", but a(h) would seem to be the proper Sindarin form.
a
and
or ah when the next word begins in a vowel: Finrod ah Andreth, Finrod and Andreth. In some sources, Tolkien uses ar as the conjunction "and", but a(h) would seem to be the proper Sindarin form.
anna
give
anna- (i anna, in annar), pa.t. ?aun (with endings one-)
anna
give
(i anna, in annar), pa.t. ?aun (with endings one-)
bad
go
#bad- (i vâd, i medir), pa.t. bant. Isolated from trevad- ”traverse”.
bad
go
(i vâd, i medir), pa.t. bant. Isolated from trevad- ”traverse”.
dî
in
unstressed di (beneath, under) (VT45:37). Note: a homophone means ”bride, lady”.
mên
way
(i vên, construct men, in compounds -ven) (road), pl. mîn (i mîn)
ne
in
ned (used of time in the source), possibly followed by hard mutation (SD:129)
ne
in, inside
(prefix) (mid-)
pâd
way
(construct pad), i bâd, pl. paid (i phaid). Isolated from Tharbad ”Crossroad”.
riel
garlanded maiden
#riel (princess), pl. ?rîl (idh rîl). Isolated from the name Galadriel.
tê
way
(i dê, o thê) (line), pl. tî (i thî), coll. pl. ?teath.
2nd sg. polite pron.(to) thee/you. A Q. borrowing in the S. used by the Noldor or mixed peoples, replacing the pure S. form de, dhe [= ðe] which remained in use in Doriath and in the Havens. Fanuilos le linnathon lit. 'Fanuilos to thee will I chant'.